19.7 使用接口组织枚举

• 在接口内部，创建实现该接口的枚举，这些枚举都是该接口的子类，这些枚举的实例都可以用该接口的变量接着，同时也是对实现同一接口的枚举实例的分类；

package chapter19._7;

public interface Food {

    enum Appetizer implements Food {
        SALAD, SOUP, SPRING_ROLLS;
    }

    enum MainCourse implements Food {
        LASAGNE, BURRITO, PAD_THAI, LENTILS, HUMMOUS, VINDALOO;
    }

    enum Dessert implements Food {
        TIRAMISSU, GELTO, BLACK_FOREST_CAKE, FRUIT, CREAM_CARAMEL;
    }

    enum Coffee implements Food {
        BLACK_COFFEE, DECAF_COFFEE, ESPRESSO, LATTE, CAPPUCCINO, TEA, HERB_TEA;
    }

}

• 因为这些枚举（Appetizer，MainCourse，Dessert，Coffee）都实现了Food接口， 所以这些枚举的实例都能用Food的变量接着；

package chapter19._7;

import static chapter19._7.Food.*;

public class TypeOfFood {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Food food = Appetizer.SALAD;
        food = MainCourse.LASAGNE;
        food = Dessert.GELTO;
        food = Coffee.CAPPUCCINO;
    }

}

---

• 枚举实例APPETIZER等需要一个参数为Class<Appetizer>类型的构造方法，由该构造方法构造完成后，APPETIZER将拥有一个数组，一个全是Appetizer实例的数组；
• 构造函数和Course的enum实例（APPETIZER，MAINCOURSE，DESSERT，COFFEE）是只能对应其中一个的关系；

package chapter19._7;

import chapter19._6.Enums;

public enum Course {

    APPETIZER(Food.Appetizer.class),
    MAINCOURSE(Food.MainCourse.class),
    DESSERT(Food.Dessert.class),
    COFFEE(Food.Coffee.class);

    private Food[] values;

    private Course(Class<? extends Food> kind) {
        this.values = kind.getEnumConstants();
    }

    public Food randomSelection() {
        return Enums.random(values);
    }

}

• 每个Course实例都有一个数组Food[]，因为Appetizer，MainCourse，Dessert，Coffee都实现了Food接口，他们的实例都可以用Food的变量接着；

package chapter19._7;

public class Meal {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            for (Course course : Course.values()) {
                Food food = course.randomSelection();
                System.out.println(food);
            }
            System.out.println("----------");
        }
    }

}

输出：

SPRING_ROLLS
VINDALOO
FRUIT
DECAF_COFFEE
++++++++++++++++++++
SOUP
VINDALOO
FRUIT
TEA
++++++++++++++++++++
SALAD
BURRITO
FRUIT
TEA
++++++++++++++++++++
SALAD
BURRITO
CREAM_CARAMEL
LATTE
++++++++++++++++++++
SOUP
BURRITO
TIRAMISSU
ESPRESSO
++++++++++++++++++++

---

• Stock和Bond实现了Security，则Stock和Bond的每个实例都可以用Security的变量接着；
• enum实例可以用enum类的变量接着：SecurityCategory category = Enums.random(SecurityCategory.class);

package chapter19._7;

import chapter19._6.Enums;

public enum SecurityCategory {

    STOCK(Security.Stock.class), Bond(Security.Bond.class);

    Security[] values;

    SecurityCategory(Class<? extends Security> kind) {
        this.values = kind.getEnumConstants();
    }

    interface Security {
        enum Stock implements Security { SHORT, LONG, MARGIN }
        enum Bond implements Security { MUNICIPAL, JUNK }
    }

    public Security randomSelection() {
        return Enums.random(values);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            SecurityCategory category = Enums.random(SecurityCategory.class);
            System.out.println(category + ": " + category.randomSelection());
        }
    }
}

输出：

Bond: MUNICIPAL
Bond: MUNICIPAL
STOCK: MARGIN
STOCK: MARGIN
Bond: JUNK
STOCK: SHORT
STOCK: LONG
STOCK: LONG
Bond: MUNICIPAL
Bond: JUNK