格式: rsync --delete-before -a -H -v --progress --stats 选项: --delete-before 接收者在传输之前进行删除操作 -progress 在传输时显示传输过程 -a 归档模式 表示以递归方式传输文件,并保持所有文件属性 -r 对子目录以递归方式处理 -H 保持硬连接的文件 -v 详细输出模式
举例说明: /home/aniya/ 是一个空文件夹【无任何子目录以及文件】,/home/zhaoyj目录下有很多文件,现在要将这个目录下的N多个文件清空 [root@XKWB5705 home]# rsync --delete-before -a -H -v --progress --stats /home/aniya/ /home/zhaoyj building file list ... 13 files to consider ./ .bash_history 2032 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#1, to-check=11/13) .bash_logout 33 100% 8.06kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#2, to-check=10/13) .bash_profile 176 100% 21.48kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#3, to-check=9/13) .bashrc 124 100% 15.14kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#4, to-check=8/13) .viminfo 557 100% 45.33kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#5, to-check=7/13) .mozilla/ .mozilla/extensions/ .mozilla/plugins/ Maildir/ Maildir/cur/ Maildir/new/ Maildir/tmp/
Number of files: 13 Number of files transferred: 5 Total file size: 2922 bytes Total transferred file size: 2922 bytes Literal data: 2922 bytes Matched data: 0 bytes File list size: 297 File list generation time: 0.022 seconds File list transfer time: 0.000 seconds Total bytes sent: 3513 Total bytes received: 178
sent 3513 bytes received 178 bytes 7382.00 bytes/sec total size is 2922 speedup is 0.79 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
当源和目的文件性质不一致的时候会报错的: [root@XKWB5705 /]# rsync --delete-before -a -H -v --progress --stats /varOLD/ /aniya/usr.tar.gz building file list ... 1 file to consider ERROR: cannot overwrite non-directory with a directory rsync error: errors selecting input/output files, dirs (code 3) at main.c(488) [receiver=2.6.8] rsync: connection unexpectedly closed (8 bytes received so far) [sender] rsync error: error in rsync protocol data stream (code 12) at io.c(463) [sender=2.6.8] [root@XKWB5705 /]# ls -l aniya/ total 1049844 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073982015 Sep 15 21:09 usr.tar.gz --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- haha.txt 是空文件,usr.tar.gz是1.1G的压缩包,现在是把usr.tar.gz的大小由1.1G变成0【即清空文件包】
[root@XKWB5705 /]# touch /varOLD/haha.txt [root@XKWB5705 /]# rsync --delete-before -a -H -v --progress --stats /varOLD/haha.txt /aniya/usr.tar.gz building file list ... 1 file to consider hahah 0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#1, to-check=0/1)
Number of files: 1 Number of files transferred: 1 Total file size: 0 bytes Total transferred file size: 0 bytes Literal data: 0 bytes Matched data: 0 bytes File list size: 32 File list generation time: 0.001 seconds File list transfer time: 0.000 seconds Total bytes sent: 90 Total bytes received: 42
sent 90 bytes received 42 bytes 88.00 bytes/sec total size is 0 speedup is 0.00
查看一下usr.tar.gz是否还存在,查看结果是存在的,但是包的大小变为了0 [root@XKWB5705 /]# ls -l /aniya/ total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 15 21:22 usr.tar.gz
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 现在清空/varOLD下的文件,使其变为空目录: [root@XKWB5705 /]# rm -rvf /varOLD/hahah removed `/varOLD/hahah' [root@XKWB5705 /]# ls /varOLD/
我现在要做的是将/aniya/目录下的所有文件清空【即删除usr.tar.gz文件包】: [root@XKWB5705 /]# rsync --delete-before -a -H -v --progress --stats /varOLD/ /aniya/ building file list ... 1 file to consider deleting usr.tar.gz ./
Number of files: 1 Number of files transferred: 0 Total file size: 0 bytes Total transferred file size: 0 bytes Literal data: 0 bytes Matched data: 0 bytes File list size: 28 File list generation time: 0.001 seconds File list transfer time: 0.000 seconds Total bytes sent: 50 Total bytes received: 26
sent 50 bytes received 26 bytes 152.00 bytes/sec total size is 0 speedup is 0.00
/aniya/目录已经为空了 [root@XKWB5705 /]# ls /aniya/ [root@XKWB5705 /]# ls /aniya/
从以上结果可以得知: 当SRC和DEST文件性质不一致时将会报错 当SRC和DEST性质都为文件【f】时,意思是清空文件内容而不是删除文件 当SRC和DEST性质都为目录【d】时,意思是删除该目录下的所有文件,使其变为空目录 最重要的是,它的处理速度相当快,处理几个G的文件也就是秒级的事 最核心的内容是:rsync实际上用的就是替换原理
摘自:ANLJF的专栏