其四，循环和关系表达式 Loop

为什么80%的码农都做不了架构师？>>>   

For 

//Loops

#include<iostream>


/*
int main() {
	using namespace std;
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
		cout << "C++ knows loops.\n";
	}
	cout << "C++ knows when to stop.\n";
	return 0;
}
*/

//for循环包含了初始值，测试，循环操作，循环更新
//i=0 初始值，只执行一次
//i<5 测试条件
//i++ 更新操作
//cout... 循环操作 


/*
int main() {
	using namespace std;
	cout << "Enter the starting countdown value:";
	int limit;
	cin >> limit;
	int i;
	for (i = limit; i; i--)
		cout << "i = " << i << endl;
	cout << "Now that i = " << i << endl;
	return 0;
}
*/

//这段代码揭示了C++不限制测试条件的值为bool
//但会把测试结果强制转化为bool
//因此在i--至0时为false,循环结束
//for循环是入口条件循环,因此当输入0时
//测试条件为0被转化为false,不执行循环



/*
int main() {
	const int ArSize=16;
	long long factorials[ArSize];
	factorials[1] = factorials[0] = 1LL;
	for (int i = 2; i < ArSize; i++)
		factorials[i] = i * factorials[i - 1];
	for (int i = 0; i < ArSize; i++)
		std::cout << i << "! = " << factorials[i] << std::endl;
	return 0;
}
*/

//修改步长
/*
int main() {
	using namespace std;
	cout << "Enter an integer: ";
	int by;
	cin >> by;
	cout << "Counting by " << by << "s:\n";
	for (int i = 0; i < 100; i = i + by)
		cout << i << endl;
	return 0;
}
*/

//倒序打印
/*
#include<string>
int main() {
	using namespace std;
	string word;
	cin >> word;
	for (int i = word.size(); i >= 0; i--)
		cout << word[i];
	cout << "\nThat's it.\n";
	return 0;
}
*/

//递增递减
/*
int main() {
	using namespace std;
	int a = 20;
	int b = 20;
	cout << "a++ = " << a++ << endl;
	cout << "a = " << a << endl;
	cout << "++b = " << ++b << endl;
	cout << "b = " << b << endl;
	return 0;

}
*/
//a++的结果并不会参与当前运算，而是参加下次
//++b的结果会参与当前运算
//将(a和b)+1被定义为递增符的副作用
//在之前的代码中i++或++i从逻辑上没有区别
//因为在此之前i并未参与运算,只有副作用生效

 While

#include<iostream>




/*
const int ArSize = 20;
int main() {
	using namespace std;
	char name[ArSize];
	cout << "Your first name, please:";
	cin >> name;
	cout << "Here is your name, verticalized and ASCIIized:\n";
	
	int i = 1;
	while (name[i]!='\n') {
		cout << name[i] << ": " << int(name[i]) << endl;
		i=i+1;
	}
	
	for(int i=0;name[i]!='\0';i++)
		cout << name[i] << ": " << int(name[i]) << endl;
	
	return 0;
}
*/


//while测试条件默认返回0/false
//for测试条件默认返回1/true


/*
#include<ctime>
int main() {
	using namespace std;
	cout << "Enter the delay time, in seconds: ";
	float secs;
	cin >> secs;
	clock_t delay = secs * CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
	cout << "Starting\a\n";
	clock_t start = clock();
	while (clock() - start < delay) {
		;
	}
	cout << "done \a\n";
	return 0;
}
*/

dowhile 

#include<iostream>

/*
int main() {
	using namespace std;
	int n;
	cout << "Enter number in the range 1-10 to find ";
	cout << "my favorite number\n";
	do {
		cin >> n;
	} while (n != 7);
	cout << "Yes! 7 is my lucky number!";
	return 0;
}
*/

//for,while是入口条件循环
//dowhile是出口条件循环
//即在运行主体之后在进行判定
//如只有在输入账户后系统才会判定是否正确

循环输入与二维数组

#include<iostream>


/*
int main() {
	using namespace std;
	char ch;
	int count = 0;
	cout << "Enter characters; enter # to quit:\n";
	//cin >> ch;
	cin.get(ch);
	//while (ch != '#')
	//输入字符以#结尾
	while (cin.fail() == false)
	//cin.fail在键盘输入中模拟eof文件尾条件
	//属于事后报告，所以放在读取后
	//默认返回true
	//ctrl+z为结束
	//while(cin)
	//while(!cin.fail())等效
	{
		cout << ch;
		++count;
		//cin >> ch;
		cin.get(ch);
	}
	cout << endl << count << " characters read\n";
	return 0;
}
*/


//cin.get()会读取输入的每一个字符，包括空符换行符等
//在windows中ctrl+z为仿真EOF

/*
int main() {
	using namespace std;
	int ch;
	int count = 0;
	while ((ch = cin.get()) != EOF)
	//ch=cin.get()返回的是int
	{
		cout.put(char(ch));
		++count;
	}
	cout << endl << count << " characters read\n";
	return 0;
}
*/


const int Cities = 5;
const int Years = 4;
int main() {
	using namespace std;
	const char *cities[Cities] = { "A","B","C","D","E" };
	int maxtemp[Years][Cities]{
		{78,54,95,71,80},
		{34,54,84,96,88},
		{81,86,53,12,37},
		{10,97,60,26,86},
	};
	cout << "Maximum temperatures for 2009-2012\n\n";
	for (int city = 0; city < Cities; ++city) {
		cout << cities[city] << ":\t";
		for (int year = 0; year < Years; ++year) {
			cout << maxtemp[year][city] << "\t";
		}
		cout << "\n";
	}
	return 0;
}

 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/Almon/blog/3041803