安卓学习UI组件-Intent

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-14 11:20:14 发布

weixin_33692284

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-14 11:20:14 发布

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文章标签：移动开发 ui java

原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/xiaofeiandroid/blog/645003

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案例：

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.myapplication.MainActivity">


    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="通过组件名称直接查找组件"
        android:id="@+id/button_comp"
        android:onClick="componentClick"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_alignParentEnd="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="使用Action属性查找组件"
        android:id="@+id/button_action"
        android:onClick="actionClick"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button_comp"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/button_comp"
        android:layout_alignEnd="@+id/button_comp" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="使用data属性查找组件"
        android:id="@+id/button_data"
        android:onClick="dataClick"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button_action"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/button_action"
        android:layout_alignEnd="@+id/button_action" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="flag属性"
        android:id="@+id/button_flag"
        android:onClick="flagClick"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button_data"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/button_data"
        android:layout_alignEnd="@+id/button_data" />
</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.example.administrator.myapplication;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentCallbacks2;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }

    /*直接查找法（通过组件名称）*/
    public void componentClick(View v) {
     /* Intent intent=new Intent();
      ComponentName componentName=new ComponentName(this,MainActivity2.class);
      intent.setComponent(componentName);*/

        Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity2.class);
        startActivity(intent);
    }

    /*使用间接法（通过action属性和category）
    * 在Activity的清单文件配置中，必须使用默认的类别
    * android.intent.category.DEFAULT*/
    public void actionClick(View v) {
        //  Intent intent=new Intent("com.example.administrator.myapplication.action.MY_ACTION");
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setAction("com.example.administrator.myapplication.action.MY_ACTION");
        intent.addCategory("com.example.administrator.myapplication.category.MY_CATEGORY");
        startActivity(intent);
    }

    /*data属性，一般与action配合使用(此组合是最常见的使用方法)
    * type属性，表示数据的类型*/
    public void dataClick(View v) {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        //  intent.setAction("com.example.administrator.myapplication.action.MY_ACTION");
        intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        Uri data = Uri.parse("http://www.baidu.com");
        //   intent.setData(data);  //会把type属性设置为空
        //intent.setType();      // 会把data属性设置为空
        //要type和data一起用，必须使用以下方法，匹配时必须两者同时匹配，才能编译通过
        intent.setDataAndType(data, "text/html");
        startActivity(intent);
    }

    public void flagClick(View v) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity5.class);
        //设置Activity的启动模式
        //Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK 在新的任务栈中启动Activity，如果有，那么就在本任务中启动
        //Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK 相当于singleTask
        //Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP 相当于singleTop
        intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

activity_main2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.myapplication.MainActivity2">

</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity2.java

package com.example.administrator.myapplication;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;

public class MainActivity2 extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);
    }

}

activity_main3.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.myapplication.MainActivity3">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="action test"
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity3.java

package com.example.administrator.myapplication;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;

public class MainActivity3 extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main3);
    }

}

activity_main4.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.myapplication.MainActivity4">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="data test"
        android:id="@+id/textView2"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity4.java

package com.example.administrator.myapplication;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;

public class MainActivity4 extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main4);
    }

}

activity_main5.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.myapplication.MainActivity5">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="flag test"
        android:id="@+id/textView5"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity5.java

package com.example.administrator.myapplication;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;

public class MainActivity5 extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main5);
    }

}

清单文件：AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.administrator.myapplication">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity2"
            android:label="@string/title_activity_main2">
            <intent-filter android:priority="-1">
                <action android:name="com.example.administrator.myapplication.action.MY_ACTION" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity3"
            android:label="@string/title_activity_main3">
            <intent-filter android:priority="2">
                <action android:name="com.example.administrator.myapplication.action.MY_ACTION" />
                <action android:name="com.example.administrator.myapplication.action.MY_ACTION2" />
                <action android:name="com.example.administrator.myapplication.action.MY_ACTION3" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <category android:name="com.example.administrator.myapplication.category.MY_CATEGORY" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity4"
            android:label="@string/title_activity_main4">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />

                <data
                    android:host="www.baidu.com"
                    android:mimeType="text/html"
                    android:scheme="http" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivityA"
            android:label="@string/title_activity_main">

        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivityB"
            android:label="@string/title_activity_main_activity_b"
            android:launchMode="singleInstance" />
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity5"
            android:label="@string/title_activity_main5"></activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

案例:

清单文件：

<activity
    android:name=".MainActivityA"
    android:label="@string/title_activity_main">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
    </intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
    android:name=".MainActivityB"
    android:label="@string/title_activity_main_activity_b"
    android:launchMode="singleInstance" />

activity_main_a.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.myapplication.MainActivityA">

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Activity-A"
        android:id="@+id/button_a"
        android:onClick="startA"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Activity-B"
        android:id="@+id/button_b"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button_a"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/button_a"
        android:layout_alignEnd="@+id/button_a"
        android:onClick="startB"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Activity-A"
        android:id="@+id/textView4"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button_b"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

MainActivityA.java

package com.example.administrator.myapplication;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivityA extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main_a);
    }

    public void startA(View v) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivityA.class);
        startActivity(intent);
    }

    public void startB(View v) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivityB.class);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

activity_main_b.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.myapplication.MainActivityB">

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Activity-A"
        android:id="@+id/button_a"
        android:onClick="startA"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Activity-B"
        android:id="@+id/button_b"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button_a"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/button_a"
        android:layout_alignEnd="@+id/button_a"
        android:onClick="startB"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Activity-B"
        android:id="@+id/textView3"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button_b"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

MainActivityB.java

package com.example.administrator.myapplication;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivityB extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main_b);
    }


    public void startA(View v) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivityA.class);
        startActivity(intent);
    }

    public void startB(View v) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivityB.class);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

Intent应用

activity_main6.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.myapplication.MainActivity6">

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="显示网页"
        android:onClick="borwsePageClick"
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="拨打电话"
        android:onClick="callPhoneDiaClick"
        android:id="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="调用发送短信的程序"
        android:onClick="smsDiaClick"
        android:id="@+id/button4"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送短信"
        android:onClick="smsSendClick"
        android:id="@+id/button5"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button4"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="播放多媒体"
        android:id="@+id/button6"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button5"
        android:onClick="playMusicClick"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Uninstall程序"
        android:id="@+id/button7"
        android:onClick="uninstallClick"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button6"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="安装apk"
        android:onClick="installClick"
        android:id="@+id/button8"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button7"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity6.java

package com.example.administrator.myapplication;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.view.View;

import java.io.File;

public class MainActivity6 extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main6);
    }
    //打开网页示例
    public void borwsePageClick(View v)
    {
        Uri data= Uri.parse("http://www.baidu.com");
        String action= Intent.ACTION_VIEW;
        Intent intent=new Intent(action,data);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
    //打开拨号面板
    public void callPhoneDiaClick(View v)
    {
        Uri data=Uri.parse("tel:13760359165");
        String action=Intent.ACTION_DIAL;
        Intent intent=new Intent(action,data);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
    //打开拨号面板
    public void callPhoneClick(View v)
    {
        Uri data=Uri.parse("tel:123456789");
        String action=Intent.ACTION_CALL;
        Intent intent=new Intent(action,data);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
    //打开短信的面板
  public void smsDiaClick(View v)
  {
   Intent intent =new Intent();
      String action=Intent.ACTION_VIEW;
      intent.setAction(action);
      intent.putExtra("sms_body","你今天吃了吗");
      intent.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms");
      startActivity(intent);
  }
    //发送短信
    public void smsSendClick(View v)
    {
        Uri data=Uri.parse("smsto:123456789");
        String action=Intent.ACTION_SENDTO;
        Intent intent =new Intent(action,data);
        intent.putExtra("sms_body", "一起吃个饭呗");
        startActivity(intent);
    }
    //播放音乐
    public void playMusicClick(View v)
    {
        Uri data=Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/Music/xpg.mp3");
        String action=Intent.ACTION_VIEW;
        Intent intent=new Intent();
        intent.setAction(action);
        intent.setDataAndType(data, "audio/mp3");
        startActivity(intent);
    }
    //卸载程序
    public void uninstallClick(View v)
    {
        Uri data=Uri.parse("package:com.example.administrator.myapplication");
        String action=Intent.ACTION_DELETE;
        Intent intent=new Intent(action,data);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
    //安装程序
public void installClick(View v)
{
    Uri data=Uri.fromFile(new File("/sdcard/Download/hello.apk"));
    String action=Intent.ACTION_VIEW;
    Intent intent=new Intent();
    intent.setAction(action);
    intent.setDataAndType(data,"application/vnd.android.package-archive");
    startActivity(intent);
}

}

清单文件：

<activity
    android:name=".MainActivity6"
    android:label="@string/title_activity_main6">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
    </intent-filter>
</activity>

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/xiaofeiandroid/blog/645003