HBase（三）：了解下基础的常用HBase shell 命令

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-11 01:13:11 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-05-11 01:13:11 发布

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文章标签：大数据 shell

原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/gently/blog/674386

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为什么80%的码农都做不了架构师？>>>

一：HBase

1.使用hbase 命令之前先检查一下hbase是否运行正常,通过JPS查看进程

hadoop@master:/mysoftware/hbase-1.2.1/bin$ jps
4051 HQuorumPeer
3776 QuorumPeerMain
2818 NameNode
4149 HMaster
3140 SecondaryNameNode
2966 DataNode
4549 Jps
4304 HRegionServer
3365 ResourceManager

2.进入HBase shell 客户端

hadoop@master:/mysoftware/hbase-1.2.1$ bin/hbase shell

二：HBase 基本命令概览

HBase Shell的一些基本操作命令，列出了几个常用的HBase Shell命令，如下：

名称	命令表达式
创建表	create '表名称', '列名称1','列名称2','列名称N'
添加记录	put '表名称', '行名称', '列名称:xxx', '值'
查看记录	get '表名称', '行名称'
查看表中的记录总数	count '表名称'
删除记录	delete '表名' ,'行名称' , '列名称'
删除一张表	先要屏蔽该表，才能对该表进行删除，第一步 disable '表名称' 第二步 drop '表名称'
查看所有记录	scan "表名称"
查看某个表某个列中所有数据	scan "表名称" , ['列名称:']
更新记录	就是重写一遍进行覆盖

三：HBase基本命令小实用，以下步骤

四：.一般操作

1.查询服务器状态：status

hbase(main):002:0> status
1 active master, 0 backup masters, 1 servers, 0 dead, 3.0000 average load

2.查询Hbase版本：version

hbase(main):003:0> vesion
NameError: undefined local variable or method `vesion' for #<Object:0x52ac9a2c>

五：DDL操作

1.创建一张表userinfo ：create 'userinfo','name','age'

hbase(main):011:0> create 'userinfo','name','age'
0 row(s) in 1.3220 seconds

=> Hbase::Table - userinfo

2.列出所有表：list

hbase(main):013:0> list
TABLE                                                                                                                    
table1                                                                                                                   
userinfo                                                                                                                 
2 row(s) in 0.0230 seconds

=> ["table1", "userinfo"]

3.获得表的描述：describe

hbase(main):014:0> describe 'userinfo'
Table userinfo is ENABLED                                                                                                
userinfo                                                                                                                 
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION                                                                                              
{NAME => 'age', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSI
ON => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => 'FOREVER', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'f
alse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}                                                                                             
{NAME => 'name', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESS
ION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => 'FOREVER', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => '
false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}                                                                                            
2 row(s) in 0.0430 seconds

4.查看表是否存在：exists

hbase(main):017:0> exists 'table2'
Table table2 does not exist                                                                                            
0 row(s) in 0.0210 seconds

5.判断表是否为：‘enable’

hbase(main):018:0> is_enabled 'userinfo'
true

6.判断表是否为：‘disable’

hbase(main):019:0> is_disabled 'userinfo'
false

7.删除一个列族 disable alter enable

hbase(main):003:0> disable 'table1'
0 row(s) in 0.0230 seconds

hbase(main):004:0> alter 'table1',{ NAME => 't2' , METHOD => 'delete'}
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 2.2240 seconds

hbase(main):005:0> enable 'table1'
0 row(s) in 1.2990 seconds

然后在查看该列是否删除，看通过获得表的描述查看，如下：只剩下列 ‘t1‘。

hbase(main):006:0> describe 'table1'
Table table1 is ENABLED                                                                                                  
table1                                                                                                                   
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION                                                                                              
{NAME => 't1', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSIO
N => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => 'FOREVER', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa
lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}                                                                                              
1 row(s) in 0.0290 seconds

8.删除一个表：drop ，删除表前，需要先屏蔽该表。

hbase(main):007:0> disable 'table1'
0 row(s) in 2.2910 seconds

hbase(main):008:0> drop 'table1'
0 row(s) in 1.3030 seconds

六：DML操作

1.往userinfo中插入几条记录： put ’表名‘，’行名‘，’列族名:xxx‘,'value'

hbase(main):016:0> put 'userinfo','row1','name:col1','Berg'
0 row(s) in 0.0870 seconds

hbase(main):017:0> put 'userinfo','row1','age:col2','22'
0 row(s) in 0.0180 seconds

hbase(main):018:0> put 'userinfo','row2','name:col1','hadoophbase'
0 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds

hbase(main):019:0> put 'userinfo','row2','age:col2','20'
0 row(s) in 0.0180 seconds

2.全表扫描：scan

hbase(main):001:0> scan 'userinfo'
ROW                             COLUMN+CELL                                                                              
 row1                           column=age:col2, timestamp=1463066528653, value=22                                       
 row1                           column=name:col1, timestamp=1463066505217, value=Berg                                    
 row2                           column=age:col2, timestamp=1463066598770, value=20                                       
 row2                           column=name:col1, timestamp=1463066577206, value=hadoophbase

3. 获得某一行的所有数据，也是获得某一行名的所有数据

hbase(main):003:0> get 'userinfo', 'row1'
COLUMN                          CELL                                                                                     
 age:col2                       timestamp=1463066528653, value=22                                                        
 name:col1                      timestamp=1463066505217, value=Berg

4.获得某行，某列族，某列的所有数据

hbase(main):004:0> get 'userinfo','row1','name:col1'
COLUMN                          CELL                                                                                     
 name:col1                      timestamp=1463066505217, value=Berg                                                      
1 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds

5.更新一条记录： put（ name:col1的值更改为： BergBergBerg ）

hbase(main):009:0> put 'userinfo','row2','name:col1','BergBergBerg'
0 row(s) in 0.0720 seconds

获取更新后的值：


hbase(main):011:0> get 'userinfo','row2','name:col1'
COLUMN                          CELL                                                                                     
 name:col1                      timestamp=1463067259346, value=BergBergBerg                                              
1 row(s) in 0.0280 seconds

6.查询表中有多少行：count

hbase(main):012:0> count 'userinfo'
2 row(s) in 0.0450 seconds

=> 2

7.删除某行某列族的值：delete


hbase(main):023:0> delete 'userinfo','row2','age:col2'
0 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds

hbase(main):024:0> scan 'userinfo'
ROW                             COLUMN+CELL                                                                              
 row1                           column=age:col2, timestamp=1463066528653, value=22                                       
 row1                           column=name:col1, timestamp=1463066505217, value=Berg                                    
 row2                           column=name:col1, timestamp=1463067259346, value=BergBergBerg                            
2 row(s) in 0.0300 seconds

8.删除整行的值：deleteall

hbase(main):026:0> deleteall 'userinfo','row2'
0 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds

hbase(main):027:0> scan 'userinfo'
ROW                             COLUMN+CELL                                                                              
 row1                           column=age:col2, timestamp=1463066528653, value=22                                       
 row1                           column=name:col1, timestamp=1463066505217, value=Berg                                    
1 row(s) in 0.0320 seconds

9.给 row1 这行 age列，并使用counter实现递增： incr （好吧，做这里的时候有点怪，原因无他，列族名没有取得好。。。。。）

hbase(main):024:0> incr 'userinfo','row1','age:id'
COUNTER VALUE = 1
0 row(s) in 0.0170 seconds

hbase(main):025:0> incr 'userinfo','row1','age:id'
COUNTER VALUE = 2
0 row(s) in 0.0210 seconds

hbase(main):026:0> incr 'userinfo','row1','age:id'
COUNTER VALUE = 3
0 row(s) in 0.1270 seconds

获取当前counter的值：


hbase(main):027:0> get_
get_auths     get_counter   get_splits    get_table
hbase(main):027:0> get_counter 'userinfo','row1','age:id'
COUNTER VALUE = 3

10.将整个表清空：truncate

hbase(main):028:0> truncate 'userinfo'
Truncating 'userinfo' table (it may take a while):
 - Disabling table...
 - Truncating table...
0 row(s) in 4.3360 seconds

hbase(main):029:0> scan 'userinfo'
ROW                             COLUMN+CELL                                                                              
0 row(s) in 0.3490 seconds

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/gently/blog/674386