ORACLE数据库在Linux下配置与安装

1. 解压安装文件

 chmod  –R  777 database 

2. 修改 /etc/hosts

地址       主机名        localhost

192.168.1.210      db210  localhost

3. 设置内核参数/etc/sysctl.conf 

# This is Oracle 10g ConfigurationParameters by thinkpig007

# 可以使用的共享内存的总量

kernel.shmall= 2097152

# 最大共享内存段大小2G=2147483648

kernel.shmmax= 6442450944

# 整个系统共享内存段的最大数目

kernel.shmmni= 4096

# 每个信号对象集,系统范围内,每个信号对象支持,系统范围内最大信号对象集数

kernel.sem= 5010 641280 5010 128

# 系统中所允许的文件句柄最大数目

fs.file-max= 65536

# 应用程序可使用的IPv4端口范围

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range =1024 65000

# 套接字接收缓冲区大小的缺省值

net.core.rmem_default= 1048576

# 套接字接收缓冲区大小的最大值

net.core.rmem_max= 1048576

# 套接字发送缓冲区大小的缺省值

net.core.wmem_default= 262144

# 套接字发送缓冲区大小的最大值

net.core.wmem_max= 262144

 

执行生效/sbin/sysctl  -p

 

4. 编辑/etc/security/limits.conf  添加

* soft       nproc      2047

* hard       nproc      16384

* soft       nofile 1024

* hard       nofile 65536

5.  编辑/etc/pam.d/login 添加

session    required    pam_limits.so

6. 修改/etc/selinux/config文件

SELINUX=disabled

7.插入Redhat Linux系统盘，进入Server文件夹

# rpm -Uvh setarch-2*

# rpm -Uvh make-3*

# rpm -Uvh glibc-2*

# rpm -Uvh libaio-0* 

# rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33-3*

# rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-3*

# rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-c++-3*

# rpm -Uvh gcc-4* # rpm -UvhlibXp-1*

# rpm -Uvh openmotif-2*

# rpm -Uvh compat-db-4*  

8. 创建组和用户

# groupadd oinstall

# groupadd dba

# groupadd oper

# useradd -g oinstall -G dbaoracle

# passwd oracle

设置新密码

9.  创建安装文件夹

# mkdir  -p /opt/oracle/10.2.1

 # chown -R  oracle.oinstall  /opt

10.  以root用户登录，执行以下命令： xhost  +IP

# xhost +192.168.1.210

11. 修改版/etc/redhat-release # Red HatEnterprise Linux Server release 5.3 (Tikanga)

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Serverrelease 4 (Tikanga)

12.  编辑/home/oracle/.bash_profile

# This is Oracle 10gConfiguration Parameters by thinkpig007

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/10.2.1/

export ORACLE_SID=ORCL

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

exportPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

exportCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib 

13. 退出系统使用linux系统root登录 

14.  进入根目录下我们之前解压好的database文件夹下，执行以下命令：

 ./opt/database/runInstaller

15.   数据库安装完后，界面会提示你用root用户登录，运行两个脚本。你就去那两个文件夹里把它们运行了

16.   最后，改回系统版本，编辑/etc/redhat-release。

17. 退出命令行，重新用oracle进入，用sqlplus/nolog登录 

18. 启动oracle数据

（1） 进入oracle数据库

#su -oracle

密码是：oracle1

（2）开启监听

$lsnrctlstart

（3）登录数据库

$sqlplus/nolog

连接数据库

>connect/as sysdba

启动数据库

>startup  

如下：

[oracle@DB11 ~]$ lsnrctl start

 

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 23-JUN-2014 11:06:50

 

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005,Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Starting/opt/oracle/10.2.1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

 

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version10.2.0.1.0 - Production

System parameter file is/opt/oracle/10.2.1/network/admin/listener.ora

Log messages written to/opt/oracle/10.2.1/network/log/listener.log

Listening on:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=DB11)(PORT=1521)))

Listening on:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))

 

Connecting to(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=DB11)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version10.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date                23-JUN-2014 11:06:50

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File  /opt/oracle/10.2.1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File        /opt/oracle/10.2.1/network/log/listener.log

Listening Endpoints Summary...

 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=DB11)(PORT=1521)))

 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))

Services Summary...

Service "PLSExtProc"has 1 instance(s).

 Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) forthis service...

The command completedsuccessfully

[oracle@DB11 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 -Production on Mon Jun 23 11:07:01 2014

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005,Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

SQL> con /as sysdba   

SP2-0734: unknown commandbeginning "con /as sy..." - rest of line ignored.

SQL> conn /as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area2.0200E+10 bytes

Fixed Size                  2056712 bytes

Variable Size            2415922680 bytes

Database Buffers         1.7767E+10 bytes

Redo Buffers               14716928 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and DataMining options