Windows编程-基本图元(1)

(1)绘制点

利用GDI绘制点的时候不需要画笔和画刷。利用函数SetPixel。

The SetPixel function sets the pixel at the specified coordinates to the specified color.

COLORREF SetPixel(
  _In_  HDC hdc,
  _In_  int X,
  _In_  int Y,
  _In_  COLORREF crColor
);

Parameters

hdc [in]  A handle to the device context.

X [in]  The x-coordinate, in logical units, of the point to be set. Y [in]   The y-coordinate, in logical units, of the point to be set. crColor [in]   The color to be used to paint the point. To create a COLORREF color value, use the RGB macro. Return value If the function succeeds, the return value is the RGB value that the function sets the pixel to. This value may differ from the color specified by crColor; that occurs when an exact match for the specified color cannot be found.

If the function fails, the return value is -1.

例子：初始化窗口为400 x 400, 我们在200 x 200的客户区域产生随机的位置和颜色。程序如下：

// INCLUDES ///
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN  // just say no to MFC

#include <windows.h>   // include all the windows headers
#include <windowsx.h>  // include useful macros
#include <mmsystem.h>  // very important and include WINMM.LIB too!
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>

// DEFINES 

// defines for windows 
#define WINDOW_CLASS_NAME "WINCLASS1"

#define WINDOW_WIDTH  400
#define WINDOW_HEIGHT 400

// MACROS /

#define KEYDOWN(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0)
#define KEYUP(vk_code)   ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1)

// GLOBALS 
HWND      main_window_handle = NULL; // globally track main window

HINSTANCE hinstance_app      = NULL; // globally track hinstance
char buffer[80];                     // general printing buffer

// FUNCTIONS //
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, 
                            UINT msg, 
                            WPARAM wparam, 
                            LPARAM lparam)
{
// this is the main message handler of the system
PAINTSTRUCT        ps;        // used in WM_PAINT
HDC                hdc;    // handle to a device context
char buffer[80];        // used to print strings

// what is the message 
switch(msg)
    {    
    case WM_CREATE: 
        {
        // do initialization stuff here
        // return success
        return(0);
        } break;
   
    case WM_PAINT: 
        {
        // simply validate the window 
           hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);     
        
        // end painting
        EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);

        // return success
        return(0);
           } break;

    case WM_DESTROY: 
        {

        // kill the application, this sends a WM_QUIT message 
        PostQuitMessage(0);

        // return success
        return(0);
        } break;

    default:break;

    } // end switch

// process any messages that we didn't take care of 
return (DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam));

} // end WinProc

// WINMAIN 
int WINAPI WinMain(    HINSTANCE hinstance,
                    HINSTANCE hprevinstance,
                    LPSTR lpcmdline,
                    int ncmdshow)
{

WNDCLASSEX winclass; // this will hold the class we create
HWND       hwnd;     // generic window handle
MSG           msg;         // generic message
HDC        hdc;      // graphics device context

// first fill in the window class stucture
winclass.cbSize         = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
winclass.style            = CS_DBLCLKS | CS_OWNDC | 
                          CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
winclass.lpfnWndProc    = WindowProc;
winclass.cbClsExtra        = 0;
winclass.cbWndExtra        = 0;
winclass.hInstance        = hinstance;
winclass.hIcon            = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
winclass.hCursor        = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); 
winclass.hbrBackground    = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
winclass.lpszMenuName    = NULL;
winclass.lpszClassName    = WINDOW_CLASS_NAME;
winclass.hIconSm        = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);

// save hinstance in global
hinstance_app = hinstance;

// register the window class
if (!RegisterClassEx(&winclass))
    return(0);

// create the window
if (!(hwnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL,                // extended style
                            WINDOW_CLASS_NAME,   // class
                            "Pixel Plotting Demo", // title
                            WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE,
                             0,0,      // initial x,y
                            WINDOW_WIDTH, // initial width
                            WINDOW_HEIGHT,// initial height
                            NULL,      // handle to parent 
                            NULL,      // handle to menu
                            hinstance,// instance of this application
                            NULL)))    // extra creation parms
return(0);

// save main window handle
main_window_handle = hwnd;

// enter main event loop, but this time we use PeekMessage()
// instead of GetMessage() to retrieve messages
while(TRUE)
    {
    // test if there is a message in queue, if so get it
    if (PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0,PM_REMOVE))
       { 
       // test if this is a quit
       if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
           break;
    
       // translate any accelerator keys
       TranslateMessage(&msg);

       // send the message to the window proc
       DispatchMessage(&msg);
       } // end if

     // draw some pixels each cycle

     // get the dc for the window
     hdc = GetDC(hwnd);

     // draw 1000 pixels
     for (int index=0; index < 2000; index++)
         {
         // get random position
         int x = rand()%200;
         int y = rand()%200;

         COLORREF color = RGB(rand()%255,rand()%255,rand()%255);
         SetPixel(hdc, x,y, color);

         } // end for index

      // release the dc
      ReleaseDC(hwnd, hdc);
    
       // main game processing goes here
       if (KEYDOWN(VK_ESCAPE))
          SendMessage(hwnd, WM_CLOSE, 0,0);
       
    } // end while



// return to Windows like this
return(msg.wParam);

} // end WinMain

///

所绘制的结果如下，注意代码中400 x 400 是指整个窗口的大小，包括标题区和边框。200 x 200的区域是从左上角的窗口客户区开始计算的。

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转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/bruce81/archive/2013/02/17/2914585.html