Linux中详细搭建lnmt架构（负载均衡，动静分离）

LNMT架构：Linux+Nginx+Mysql+Tomcat

(nginx实现负载均衡动静分离,反向代理)

环境说明：

IP	安装的服务
192.168.209.12	tomcat
192.168.209.13	nginx mysql

---

 ********************************nginx安装**************************
                 说明：nginx安装的方式的是编译安装

 1.//创建系统用户nginx
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

//安装依赖环境
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# yum -y groups mark install 'Development Tools'

//创建日志存放目录
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx

//下载nginx
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# cd /usr/src/ [root@lanzhiyong src]# wgethttp://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

//编译安装
[root@lanzhiyong src]# tar xf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
[root@lanzhiyong src]# cd  nginx-1.14.0
[root@lanzhiyong nginx-1.14.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx    --group=nginx --with-debug --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log
[root@lanzhiyong nginx-1.14.0]# make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l) && make install

 2.nginx安装后配置
//配置环境变量
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# source /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh 
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# nginx
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q   Local Address:Port                  Peer Address:Port
LISTEN      0      128                  *:111                              *:*
LISTEN      0      128                  *:80                               *:*
LISTEN      0      128                  *:22                               *:*
LISTEN      0      64                   *:40154                            *:*
LISTEN      0      64                   *:2049                             *:*
LISTEN      0      128                 :::111                             :::*
LISTEN      0      128                 :::22                              :::*
LISTEN      0      64                  :::2049                            :::*
LISTEN      0      64                  :::34409                           :::*

---

********************************mysql安装****************************
                说明：mysql安装的方式是二进制安装
//安装依赖 包
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel

//创建用户和组
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@lanzhiyong src]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[root@lanzhiyong src]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 -u 306 mysql

//下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
[root@lanzhiyong src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

//解压软件至/usr/local
[root@lanzhiyong src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/
[root@lanzhiyong src]# cd /usr/local/

//创建软连接
[root@lanzhiyong local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql

//修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@lanzhiyong local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@lanzhiyong local]# ll /usr/local/mysql

//添加环境变量
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# echo $PATH 

//建立数据存放目录
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# ll /opt/
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 8月  19 13:20 data

//初始化数据库 注意这个命令后会生成临时密码 要记住 jd?ajfrKY4pQ
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/

//配置mysql
//软连接
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# ldconfig -v

//生成配置文件
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf << EOF
> [mysqld]
> basedir = /usr/local/mysql
> datadir = /opt/data
> socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
> port = 3306
> pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
> user = mysql
> skip-name-resolve
> EOF

//配置服务启动脚本
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld

//启动mysql
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# service mysqld start
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# ps -ef |grep mysql
[root@lanzhiyong ~]#  ss -antl
LISTEN      0      80                  :::3306                            :::*     

//修改密码 使用临时密码登入
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# mysql -uroot -p
说明：jd?ajfrKY4pQ 这是以上步骤的临时密码
mysql> set password = password('lanzhiyong');

---

******************************tomcat项目部署************************
                说明：下载好tomcat解压就能配置了

  //java环境安装，安装jdk环境
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# java -version

//下载tomcat
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@lanzhiyong src]#   wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-9/ v9.0.8/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz

//解压部署
[root@lanzhiyong src]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@lanzhiyong local]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz
[root@lanzhiyong local]# mv apache-tomcat-9.0.8 apache2
[root@lanzhiyong local]# mv apache2    /usr/local/
[root@lanzhiyong src]# cd /usr/local/
[root@lanzhiyong local]# ln -s apache2/ tomcat2
[root@lanzhiyong local]# ln -s apache-tomcat-9.0.8/ tomcat
[root@lanzhiyong local]# ll

//分别给tomcat,tomcat2写一个java页面
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# vim index.jsp
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# cat index.jsp
<html>
<head>
                           <title>test papg</title>
</head>
<body>
                           <%
                                     out.println("Hellow World");
                           %>
</body>
</html>

[root@lanzhiyong ~]# mv index.jsp index
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# vim index.jsp
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# cat index.jsp
<html>
<head>
                             <title>test papg</title>
</head>
<body>
                             <%
                                      out.println("I Love china");
                             %>
</body>
</html>

[root@lanzhiyong ~]# mkdir /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# mkdir /usr/local/tomcat2/webapps/test
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# cp /index/index.jsp /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# cp index.jsp /usr/local/tomcat2/webapps/test/
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# ll /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/
总用量 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 114 9月   5 11:27 index.jsp
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# ll /usr/local/tomcat2/webapps/test/
总用量 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 114 9月   5 11:27 index.jsp
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat2/conf/server.xml 
把所有的port=*端口号改下不同即可（例如port=8080->port=8081）

//启动tomcat
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.shstart
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# /usr/local/tomcat2/bin/catalina.shstart
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# ps -ef |grep tomcat
[root@lanzhiyong ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q   Local Address:Port                  Peer Address:Port
LISTEN      0      128                  *:22                               *:*
LISTEN      0      100          127.0.0.1:25                               *:*
LISTEN      0      100                 :::8080                            :::*
LISTEN      0      100                 :::8081                            :::*
LISTEN      0      128                 :::22                              :::*
LISTEN      0      100                ::1:25                              :::*
LISTEN      0      1         ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005                   :::*
LISTEN      0      1         ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8006                   :::*
LISTEN      0      100                 :::8009                            :::*
LISTEN      0      100                 :::8010                            :::*

---

***************************nginx配置********************************

[root@lan conf]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
//添加以下模块
upstream web {
             server 192.168.209.12:8080;       //负载均衡轮询
             server 192.168.209.12:8081;
  }
 server{
        location  ~*   \.(do|jsp)$  {
               proxy_pass http://web;            //反向代理，tomcat支持动态访问，静态交给nginx访问
     }
}

[root@lan conf]# nginx -s reload 

  验证：输入：192.168.209.13    实现nginx静态访问

最后验证输入：192.168.209.13/test/index.jsp  刷新看效果,,实现动静分离

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/13833047/2170777