之前的Web服务器都是通过yum搭建的,想要添加新模块或者更新某些软件都很不方便(牵一发而动全身啊!)。所以,现在准备将环境改为源码编译安装,这样便于调整,性能上也会比yum方式好很多。以下是我的安装步骤,我的系统是CentOS 6.3 64位。
注意:本文所以配置都是基于第二步所下载的软件版本,安装其他版本不保证会成功
一:安装依赖包
yum install cmake make gcc gcc-c++ libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng \ libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc \ glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl \ curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl expat expat-devel \ openssl-devel nss_ldap openldap openldap-devel openldap-clients openldap-servers unixODBC-devel \ libxslt-devel libevent-devel libtool-ltdl bison libtool pcre-devel zip unzip gmp-devel gd gd-devel
二:下载LNMP所需软件
wget http://downloads.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.5/mysql-5.5.19.tar.gz wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz wget http://iweb.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz wget http://iweb.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mhash/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz wget http://vps.googlecode.com/files/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz wget http://download-euro.oldapps.com/PHP/php-5.3.18.tar.bz2 wget http://superb-dca2.dl.sourceforge.net/project/eaccelerator/eaccelerator/eAccelerator%200.9.6.1/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.7.tgz wget http://www.p_w_picpathmagick.org/download/legacy/ImageMagick-6.8.3-10.tar.gz wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.0.1.tgz wget http://pecl.php.net/get/pecl_http-1.7.5.tgz wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.33/pcre-8.33.tar.gz wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.9.tar.gz wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/re2c/files/re2c/0.13.5/re2c-0.13.5.tar.gz/download wget http://pecl.php.net/get/igbinary-1.1.1.tgz wget https://github.com/nicolasff/phpredis/archive/master.zip
三:安装mysql
tar zxf mysql-5.5.19.tar.gz cd mysql-5.5.19 groupadd mysql useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql cmake \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/mysql \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \ -DMYSQL_USER=mysql \ -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 make && make install chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql cd ..
因为有专门的mysql服务器,所以mysql安装到此结束。如果想要在本地运行mysql的话还要做其他配置。比如my.cnf配置文件,mysql启动脚本等等。
四:安装PHP
安装PHP(FastCGI) ### 安装PHP支持库 ### tar zxf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.14 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local make make install cd .. tar zxf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz cd libmcrypt-2.5.8 ./configure && make && make install /sbin/ldconfig cd libltdl/ ./configure --enable-ltdl-install make && make install cd ../../ tar zxf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz cd mhash-0.9.9.9/ ./configure make make install cd ../ tar zxf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz cd mcrypt-2.6.8/ ./configure make make install cd ../ tar zxf re2c-0.13.5.tar.gz cd re2c-0.13.5 ./configure make && make install cd ..
在安装PHP主程序前,还需要做一些调整,不然会各种报错。
echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf echo "/usr/lib64" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf ln -sv /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib/ ln -sv /usr/include/sqlext.h /usr/local/include/sqlext.h ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config /usr/bin/mysql_config ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/ ln -sv /lib64/libexpat.* /lib/ ln -sv /usr/lib64/libexpat.* /usr/lib/ ldconfig
现在安装PHP
tar jxf php-5.3.18.tar.bz2 cd php-5.3.18 groupadd nginx useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g nginx nginx ./configure \ --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d \ --with-pic --with-bz2 --with-gettext --with-gmp --with-iconv --with-openssl \ --with-zlib --with-layout=GNU --with-kerberos --with-mhash --with-pcre-regex --enable-exif \ --enable-magic-quotes --enable-sockets --enable-ucd-snmp-hack --enable-shmop --enable-calendar \ --enable-mbstring \ --enable-xml --enable-fpm --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-exif --enable-soap --with-gd --with-curl \ --with-mcrypt \ --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql \ --with-unixODBC \ --enable-wddx --with-libexpat-dir --with-xmlrpc --with-xsl --with-ldap --enable-bcmath \ --enable-dom --without-gdbm --disable-debug --disable-rpath --disable-fileinfo --without-pspell \ --disable-posix --disable-sysvmsg --disable-sysvshm --disable-sysvsem make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' make install
拷贝配置文件及启动脚本
cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm chkconfig --add php-fpm chkconfig php-fpm on cd ../
安装PHP扩展模块,别忘记在配置文件里开启模块,不然就白装了哈
### 安装扩展模块 ### tar zxf memcache-2.2.7.tgz cd memcache-2.2.7/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --enable-memcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make make install cd ../ tar jxf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make make install mkdir /tmp/cache/eaccelerator chmod 0777 /tmp/cache/eaccelerator cd ../ tar zxf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql make make install cd ../ tar zxf igbinary-1.1.1.tgz cd igbinary-1.1.1 /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --enable-igbinary --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make && make install cd .. unzip master cd phpredis-master /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --enable-redis --enable-redis-igbinary --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make && make install cd .. tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.8.3-10.tar.gz cd ImageMagick-6.8.3-10/ ./configure make make install cd ../ tar zxvf imagick-3.0.1.tgz cd imagick-3.0.1/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config ln -s /usr/local/include/ImageMagick-6 /usr/local/include/ImageMagick export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig make make install cd ../
到此PHP环境配置完毕,接下来安装大名鼎鼎的Nginx。它的好咱就不说了,大家都知道哈。
五:安装Nginx
Nginx的rewrite需要perl库,所以先安装下。
tar zxf pcre-8.33.tar.gz cd pcre-8.33 ./configure make && make install cd ../
在安装Nginx前,先对Nginx做一些修改,如隐藏真实版本号,取消debug模式,利用TCMalloc库提升Nginx对内存的使用效率。
#set TCMalloc wget http://ftp.twaren.net/Unix/NonGNU//libunwind/libunwind-1.1.tar.gz tar zxf libunwind-1.1.tar.gz cd libunwind-1.1 CFLAGS=-fPIC ./configure make CFLAGS=-fPIC make CFLAGS=-fPIC install cd .. wget https://gperftools.googlecode.com/files/gperftools-2.0.tar.gz tar zxf gperftools-2.0.tar.gz cd gperftools-2.0 ./configure make && make install echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/usr_local_lib.conf /sbin/ldconfig tar zxf nginx-1.2.9.tar.gz cd nginx-1.2.9 sed -i 's@#define NGINX_VERSION.*$@#define NGINX_VERSION "1.5.4"@g' src/core/nginx.h sed -i 's@#define NGINX_VER.*NGINX_VERSION$@#define NGINX_VER "tengine/" NGINX_VERSION@g' src/core/nginx.h sed -i 's@CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"@#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"@g' auto/cc/gcc ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --with-pcre \ --http-client-body-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/tmp/client_body \ --http-proxy-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/tmp/proxy --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/tmp/fastcgi \ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/tmp/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/tmp/scgi \ --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/subsys/nginx \ --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module \ --with-http_p_w_picpath_filter_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module \ --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_degradation_module --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-file-aio make && make install
为tcmalloc添加线程目
mkdir /tmp/tcmalloc chmod 0777 /tmp/tcmalloc
在nginx.conf中添加一行配置
google_perftools_profiles /tmp/tcmalloc;
到此,LNMP环境就搭建完成了。接下来就是配置文件的修改和具体参数的调整了。任务依旧艰巨啊!
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/zhiliang92/1288719