一、实验目标
掌握单臂路由配置方法;
通过单臂路由实现不同VLAN间互相通信;
二、实验背景
某企业有两个主要部门:技术部和销售部,分处于不同的办公室,为了安全和便于管理,对两个部门的主机进行了VLAN的划分,技术部和销售部分处于不同的VLAN。现由于业务的需求,需要销售部和技术部的主机能够相互访问,获得相应的资源,两个部门的交换机通过一台路由器进行了连接。
三、技术原理
单臂路由:是为实现VLAN间通信的三层网络设备路由器,它只需要一个以太接口,通过创建子接口可以承担所有VLAN的网关,而在不同的VLAN间转发数据。
四、实验步骤
实验拓扑
1、当交换机设置成两个vlan时,逻辑上已经成为两个网络,广播被隔离了。两个vlan的网络要通信,必须通过路由器,如果接入路由器的只有一个物理端口,则必须有两个子接口分别与两个vlan对应,同时还要求与路由器相连的交换机的端口f0/1要设置为trunk,因为这个口要通过两个vlan的数据包。
2、检查设置情况,应该能正确的看到vlan和trunk的信息。
3、计算机的网关分别指向路由器的子接口。
4、配置子接口,开启路由器物理接口。
5、默认封装为dot1q协议。
6、配置路由器子接口ip地址。
Switch:
Switch> Switch>en Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#vlan 2 Switch(config-vlan)#exit Switch(config)#vlan 3 Switch(config-vlan)#exit Switch(config)#interface fa0/2 Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2 Switch(config-if)#exit Switch(config)#interface fa0/3 Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3 Switch(config-if)#exit Switch(config)#interface fa0/1 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)#
R1:
Router>en Router#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#hostname R1 R1(config)#interface fa0/0 R1(config-if)#no shutdown %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#interface fa0/0.1 %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.1, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0.1, changed state to up R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 2 R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-subif)#exit R1(config)#interface fa0/0.2 %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.2, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0.2, changed state to up R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 3 R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-subif)# R1# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console R1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0.1 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0.2 R1
五、测试
PC2:
Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0 PC>ipconfig IP Address......................: 192.168.2.2 Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway.................: 192.168.2.1 PC>ping 192.168.1.2 Pinging 192.168.1.2 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=127 Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=127 Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=17ms TTL=127 Ping statistics for 192.168.1.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 8ms, Maximum = 17ms, Average = 11ms PC>
转至:http://www.cnblogs.com/mchina/archive/2012/07/17/2595659.html
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/poseidon2011/1869758