实验报告 <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

Trunk 和单臂路由

 

一、实验环境

硬件环境:PC机一台;

软件环境:Packet Tracer v5.0

二、项目需求

根据Benet通信公司的组织结构图为公司组建网络实现信息化办公。要求:

1.用户公司需要连接内部网络,各部门员工的终端能实现连通。

2.所有公司员工都能访问远程分支机构。

3.公司财务部的数据很重要,不希望其他部门的员工访问到。

三、项目设计

Benet通信公司的全部的地址空间是192.168.10.0/24192.168.11.0/24`远程分支机构的IP 地址段是192.168.20.0/24,与本端接口的IP192.168.20.2/30

IP子网地址规划

部门

地址空间

所属 Vlan

总经理

192.168.11.162/27

Vlan50

副总经理

192.168.11.163/27

Vlan50

销售部

192.168.10.0/25

Vlan10

市场部

192.168.10.128/25

Vlan20

技术支持部

192.168.11.0/25

Vlan30

人事行政部

192.168.11.128/27

Vlan40

财务部

192.168.11.160/27

Vlan50

 

路由器接口IP地址规划

路由器接口

IP 地址空间

用途

路由器对外接口地址

192.168.20.1/30

Fa0/1

路由器内部接口地址

192.168.10.1/25

Fa0/0.1 Vlan 10 网关

192.168.10.129/25

Fa0/0.2 Vlan 20 网关

192.168.11.1/25

Fa0/0.3 Vlan 30 网关

192.168.11.129/27

Fa0/0.4 Vlan 40 网关

192.168.11.161/27

Fa0/0.5 Vlan 50 网关

 

端口规划

设备名称

接口

用途

接口类型

R1

Fastethernet0/0

连接 SW1

Trunk 接口

Fastethernet0/1

连接远程分支机构

路由接口

SW1

Fastethernet0/1

连接 R1

Trunk 接口

Fastethernet0/2

连接 SW2

Trunk 接口

Fastethernet0/3

连接 SW3

Trunk 接口

Fastethernet0/4

连接 SW4

Trunk 接口

Fastethernet0/5

连接 SW5

Trunk 接口

Fastethernet0/6

连接总经理 PC

Access 接口, Vlan50

Fastethernet0/7

连接副总经理 PC

Access 接口, Vlan50

Fastethernet0/11~30

连接用户 PC

Access 接口, Vlan10

Fastethernet0/31~45

连接用户 PC

Access 接口, Vlan20

SW2

Fastethernet0/1

连接 SW1

Trunk 接口

Fastethernet0/6~40

连接用户 PC

Access 接口, Vlan10

Fastethernet0/41~48

连接用户 PC

Access 接口, Vlan20

SW3

Fastethernet0/1

连接 SW1

Trunk 接口

Fastethernet0/6~10

连接用户 PC

Access 接口, Vlan10

Fastethernet0/11~47

连接用户 PC

Access 接口, Vlan20

SW4

Fastethernet0/1

连接 SW1

Trunk 接口

Fastethernet0/6~35

连接用户 PC

Access 接口, Vlan30

Fastethernet0/36~45

连接用户 PC

Access 接口, Vlan40

SW5

Fastethernet0/1

连接 SW1

Trunk 接口

Fastethernet0/6~35

连接用户 PC

Access 接口, Vlan30

Fastethernet0/36~45

连接用户 PC

Access 接口, Vlan50

 

交换机配置数据

序号

需要配置的参数

内容

1

主机名

SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5

2

加密保存的密码

123

3

添加 Vlan

ID 10 名称: sales

ID 20 名称: marketing

ID 30 名称: technic

ID 40 名称: FR

ID 50 名称: financial

4

配置 Vlan Trunk

详细请参考表端口规划

 

路由配置数据

序号

需要配置的参数

内容

1

主机名

R1

2

加密保存的密码

123

3

配置单臂路由

封装 802.1Q ,支持 VLAN ID1 10 20 30 40 50

4

配置默认路由

连接远程分支机构

四、项目实施

R1路由器上设置单臂路由:

Router>en

Router#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname R1

R1(config)#in f0/0.1

R1(config-subif)#enc

R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot

R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10

R1(config-subif)#ip addre

R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.128

R1(config-subif)#in f0/0.2

R1(config-subif)#enc

R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot

R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20

R1(config-subif)#ip add

R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.10.129 255.255.255.128

R1(config-subif)#in f0/0.3

R1(config-subif)#enc

R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot

R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 30

R1(config-subif)#ip add

R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.128

R1(config-subif)#in f0/0.4

R1(config-subif)#enc

R1(config-subif)#encapsulation do

R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 40

R1(config-subif)#ip add

R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.11.129 255.255.255.224

R1(config-subif)#in f0/0.5

R1(config-subif)#enc

R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot

R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 50

R1(config-subif)#ip add

R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.11.161 255.255.255.224

 

SW1上划分VLAN:

 

SW1#show vl

 

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports

---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------

1    default                            active   

10   sales                              active    Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11

                                                Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15

                                                Fa0/16

20   marketing                          active    Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20

                                                Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24

50   financial                            active    Fa0/6, Fa0/7

1002 fddi-default                          active   

1003 token-ring-default                     active   

1004 fddinet-default                        active   

1005 trnet-default                          active   

SW2上划分Vlan

SW2#show vl

 

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports

---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------

1    default                             active    Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5

10    sales                              active    Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9

                                                Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13

                                                Fa0/14, Fa0/15

20   marketing                           active    Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19

                                                Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23

                                                Fa0/24

1002 fddi-default                     active   

1003 token-ring-default               active   

1004 fddinet-default                  active   

1005 trnet-default                    active   

 

SW3上划分Vlan

SW3#show vl

 

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports

---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------

1    default                             active    Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5

10   sales                               active    Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9

                                                Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13

                                                Fa0/14, Fa0/15

20   marketing                          active    Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19

                                                Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23

                                                Fa0/24

1002 fddi-default                     active   

1003 token-ring-default               active   

1004 fddinet-default                  active   

1005 trnet-default                    active   

 

SW4上划分Vlan

sw4#show vl

 

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports

---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------

1    default                             active    Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5

30   technic                            active    Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9

                                                Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13

                                                Fa0/14, Fa0/15

40   FR                                active    Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19

                                                Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23

                                                Fa0/24

1002 fddi-default                     active   

1003 token-ring-default               active   

1004 fddinet-default                  active   

1005 trnet-default                    active   

 

SW5上划分Vlan

SW5#show vl

 

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports

---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------

1    default                             active    Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5

30   technic                            active    Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9

                                                Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13

                                                Fa0/14, Fa0/15

50   financial                           active    Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19

                                                Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23

                                                Fa0/24

1002 fddi-default                     active   

1003 token-ring-default               active   

1004 fddinet-default                  active   

1005 trnet-default                    active   

SW1上把F0/1~5接口模式更改为Trunk

SW1(config)#in f0/1

SW1(config-if)#sw mode trunk

 

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

SW1(config-if)#in f0/2

SW1(config-if)#sw mode trunk

 

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up

SW1(config-if)#in f0/3

SW1(config-if)#sw mode trunk

 

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to up

SW1(config-if)#in f0/4

SW1(config-if)#sw mode trunk

 

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to up

SW1(config-if)#in f0/5

SW1(config-if)#sw mode trunk

 

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up

为路由和交换设置暗文密码123

R1

R1>en

R1#conf t

R1(config)#enable secret 123

SW1

SW1>en

SW1#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

SW1(config)#ena secr 123

SW2

SW2>en

SW2#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

SW2(config)#ena secr 123

SW3

SW3>en

SW3#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

SW3(config)#ena secr 123

SW4

SW4>en

SW4#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

SW4(config)#ena secr 123

SW5

SW5>en

SW5#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

SW5(config)#ena secr 123

五、项目测试

客户机 PC0 为总经理 PC PC1 为副总经理 PC PC2 PC4 为销售部用户 PC PC3 PC5 为市场部用户 PC

IP 地址:

PC0 192.168.11.162/27

PC1 192.168.11.163/27

PC2 192.168.10.11/25

PC3 192.168.10.130/25

PC4 192.168.10.12/25

PC5 192.168.10.131/25

测试 PC0 ping PC2

PC>ping 192.168.10.11

 

Pinging 192.168.10.11 with 32 bytes of data:

 

Reply from 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 time=109ms TTL=127

Reply from 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 time=49ms TTL=127

Reply from 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 time=112ms TTL=127

Reply from 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=127

 

Ping statistics for 192.168.10.11:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 49ms, Maximum = 112ms, Average = 95ms

实验成功!

测试 PC4 ping PC5

 

PC>ping 192.168.10.131

 

Pinging 192.168.10.131 with 32 bytes of data:

 

Reply from 192.168.10.131: bytes=32 time=252ms TTL=127

Reply from 192.168.10.131: bytes=32 time=202ms TTL=127

Reply from 192.168.10.131: bytes=32 time=245ms TTL=127

Reply from 192.168.10.131: bytes=32 time=171ms TTL=127

 

Ping statistics for 192.168.10.131:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 171ms, Maximum = 252ms, Average = 217ms

实验成功!

六、项目总结

    通过这次实验了解掌握了VlanTrunk和单臂路由的实际应用,明白了在实际组网过程中应先根据需求分析划分规划网段,然后根据设计方案组网,连接路由、交换,设计VLAN和路由,实现各个终端之间的互相连通。