所谓的验证码就是将一串随机产生的数字或符号,生成一幅图片, 图片里加上一些干扰象素(防止OCR),由用户肉眼识别
其中的验证码信息,输入表单提交网站验证,验证成功后才能使用某项功能。
验证码一般是防止有人利用机器人自动批量注册、对特定的注册用户用特定程序暴力破解方式进行不断的登陆、灌水。因为验证码是一个混合了数字或符号的图片,人眼看起来都费劲,机器识别起来就更困难。 一般注册用户ID的地方以及各大论坛都要要输入验证码。
下面是我使用过的一个验证码的例子:
1.VerifyCodeServlet.java
public
class VerifyCodeServlet
extends HttpServlet
{
private static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "text/html; charset=gb2312";
//设置字母的大小,大小
private Font mFont = new Font( "Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 17);
public void init() throws ServletException
{
super.init();
}
Color getRandColor( int fc, int bc)
{
Random random = new Random();
if(fc>255) fc=255;
if(bc>255) bc=255;
int r=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc);
int g=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc);
int b=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc);
return new Color(r,g,b);
}
public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException
{
response.setHeader( "Pragma", "No-cache");
response.setHeader( "Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader( "Expires", 0);
//表明生成的响应是图片
response.setContentType( "image/jpeg");
int width=100, height=18;
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
Random random = new Random();
g.setColor(getRandColor(200,250));
g.fillRect(1, 1, width-1, height-1);
g.setColor( new Color(102,102,102));
g.drawRect(0, 0, width-1, height-1);
g.setFont(mFont);
g.setColor(getRandColor(160,200));
//画随机线
for ( int i=0;i<155;i++)
{
int x = random.nextInt(width - 1);
int y = random.nextInt(height - 1);
int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
g.drawLine(x,y,x + xl,y + yl);
}
//从另一方向画随机线
for ( int i = 0;i < 70;i++)
{
int x = random.nextInt(width - 1);
int y = random.nextInt(height - 1);
int xl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
int yl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
g.drawLine(x,y,x - xl,y - yl);
}
//生成随机数,并将随机数字转换为字母
String sRand="";
for ( int i=0;i<6;i++)
{
int itmp = random.nextInt(26) + 65;
char ctmp = ( char)itmp;
sRand += String.valueOf(ctmp);
g.setColor( new Color(20+random.nextInt(110),20+random.nextInt(110),20+random.nextInt(110)));
g.drawString(String.valueOf(ctmp),15*i+10,16);
}
HttpSession session = request.getSession( true);
session.setAttribute( "rand",sRand);
g.dispose();
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
}
public void destroy()
{
}
}
{
private static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "text/html; charset=gb2312";
//设置字母的大小,大小
private Font mFont = new Font( "Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 17);
public void init() throws ServletException
{
super.init();
}
Color getRandColor( int fc, int bc)
{
Random random = new Random();
if(fc>255) fc=255;
if(bc>255) bc=255;
int r=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc);
int g=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc);
int b=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc);
return new Color(r,g,b);
}
public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException
{
response.setHeader( "Pragma", "No-cache");
response.setHeader( "Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader( "Expires", 0);
//表明生成的响应是图片
response.setContentType( "image/jpeg");
int width=100, height=18;
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
Random random = new Random();
g.setColor(getRandColor(200,250));
g.fillRect(1, 1, width-1, height-1);
g.setColor( new Color(102,102,102));
g.drawRect(0, 0, width-1, height-1);
g.setFont(mFont);
g.setColor(getRandColor(160,200));
//画随机线
for ( int i=0;i<155;i++)
{
int x = random.nextInt(width - 1);
int y = random.nextInt(height - 1);
int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
g.drawLine(x,y,x + xl,y + yl);
}
//从另一方向画随机线
for ( int i = 0;i < 70;i++)
{
int x = random.nextInt(width - 1);
int y = random.nextInt(height - 1);
int xl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
int yl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
g.drawLine(x,y,x - xl,y - yl);
}
//生成随机数,并将随机数字转换为字母
String sRand="";
for ( int i=0;i<6;i++)
{
int itmp = random.nextInt(26) + 65;
char ctmp = ( char)itmp;
sRand += String.valueOf(ctmp);
g.setColor( new Color(20+random.nextInt(110),20+random.nextInt(110),20+random.nextInt(110)));
g.drawString(String.valueOf(ctmp),15*i+10,16);
}
HttpSession session = request.getSession( true);
session.setAttribute( "rand",sRand);
g.dispose();
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
}
public void destroy()
{
}
}
2.web.xml
<
servlet
>
< servlet-name >verifyCodeServlet </ servlet-name >
< servlet-class >com.yangfei.test.servlet.VerifyCodeServlet </ servlet-class >
</ servlet >
< servlet-mapping >
< servlet-name >verifyCodeServlet </ servlet-name >
< url-pattern >/verifyCodeServlet </ url-pattern >
</ servlet-mapping >
< servlet-name >verifyCodeServlet </ servlet-name >
< servlet-class >com.yangfei.test.servlet.VerifyCodeServlet </ servlet-class >
</ servlet >
< servlet-mapping >
< servlet-name >verifyCodeServlet </ servlet-name >
< url-pattern >/verifyCodeServlet </ url-pattern >
</ servlet-mapping >
3.页面:
<
img
src
="
verifyCodeServlet">
本文转自NightWolves 51CTO博客,原文链接:
http://blog.51cto.com/yangfei520/347460
,如需转载请自行联系原作者