实验参考

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6232292#

http://kyle.xlau.org/posts/oracle-data-guard-part1.html

有疑问可以查看以上两个网址。

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1，开启归档（需要关库）

2，alter database force logging; --开启强制归档（不需要单独关库）
3, 创建tnsname.ora 主库建立到orcldg的，备库建立到orcl的。
4，检查监听
4，orcl spfile (主库不要修改db_unique_name的值，备库必须设定）
alter system set db_unique_name='orcl' scope=spfile;
 
alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orcldg)' scope=spfile;
 
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcldg LGWR SYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,primary_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcldg' scope=spfile;
 
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1= enable scope=spfile;
 
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2= enable scope=spfile;
 
alter system set fal_server=orcldg scope=spfile;
 
alter system set fal_client=orcl scope=spfile;
 
alter system set standby_file_management=auto scope=spfile;
 
alter system set db_file_name_convert='/u01/oradata/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/' scope=spfile;
 
alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u01/redolog/','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/onlinelog/'  scope=spfile;
 
6，创建备库库pfile，并修改
 
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcldg/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/o1_mf_89co5bbm_.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/o1_mf_89co5bjs_.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='/u01/oradata'
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/','/u01/oradata/'
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4322230272
*.db_unique_name='orcldg'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.fal_client='orcldg'
*.fal_server='orcl'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcldg,orcl)'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl LGWR SYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,primary_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/onlinelog/','/u01/redolog/'
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
7，备库创建创建环境变量 
export PATH
export ORACLE_SID=orcldg
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/11.2.0/db_1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
 
 
7,备库创建pfile pfiledg.ora
8,创建ump文件夹  mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcldg/{a,b,c,u}dump  (以及controlfile路径）
 
9，starup nomount pfile='/tmp/pfiledg.ora' ; --备库
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system  --删除 *.memory_target=842006528 参数。
 
10，主库创建orcldg log，比rendolog多一组，且和redo log大小一样，路径在参数文件的转换目录参数里log_file_name_convert （dupilitry 后standby redolog 也会自动转换到备库上）
 
alter database add orcldg logfile group 4('/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/onlinelog/stdby_redo04.log') size 50M;
alter database add orcldg logfile group 5('/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/onlinelog/stdby_redo05.log') size 50M;
alter database add orcldg logfile group 6('/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/onlinelog/stdby_redo06.log') size 50M;
alter database add orcldg logfile group 7('/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/onlinelog/stdby_redo07.log') size 50M;
 
 
11，检查两者监听是否互相都可以tnsping通
12，重启主库 shutdown immediate  ,startup
 
13, 备库执行（连接的当，主库备库都可以执行）11g可以直接将主库恢复到备库。
rman auxiliary sys/oracle@orcldg  target sys/oracle@orcl nocatalog 
duplicate target database for standby from active database;
 
 
--多通道
run
{
    allocate channel chan1 type disk;
    allocate channel chan2 type disk;
    allocate channel chan3 type disk;
    allocate channel chan4 type disk;
    allocate auxiliary channel aux1 type disk;
    allocate auxiliary channel aux2 type disk;
    allocate auxiliary channel aux3 type disk;
    allocate auxiliary channel aux4 type disk;
    duplicate target database for orcldg from active database;
}
 
14，
alter database open read only;
 
15,--应用归档
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT;
 
--注明：using current logfile
( alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
 
也可以使用alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;应用日志。
没有using current logfile是去apply standby archived log.
有using current logfile是当日志传到standby redo log的时候就去应用，是real-time的，必须要有standby redo log.)
 
--停止应用归档 alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
 
 
 
 
16,--检查
Standby：
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
 
    select * from v$dataguard_config;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
问题：
0，RMAN-04006: error from auxiliary database: ORA-12528: TNS:listener: all appropriate instances are blocking new connections
--备库静态注册监听
 
1,ORA-17628: Oracle error 19505 returned by remote Oracle server
--the dest on standby for controlfile must be exited
 
2, ORA-01103: database name 'ORCL' in control file is not 'ORCLDG'
--备库db_name和主库应该一至
 
3.PLS-00201: identifier 'DBMS_RCVCAT.GETDBID' must be declared
--如果使用的是非catalog，在rman 连接时，加上nocatalog关键字
 
4，RMAN-05001: auxiliary file name/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg/users01.dbf conflicts with a file used by the targetdatabase
-- 在执行duplicate的时候，如果源库和目标库目录相同，那么在duplicate 时，需要加上nofilenamecheck。
--或者检查db_file_name_convert 、log_file_name_convert参数设置是否正确（注意是对方服务器路径在前面）
 
5，dg nomount和mount状态 sqlplus不能访问dg，rman可以连接。