巩固下BGP的知识点，就把BGP中联邦和团体的属性集中在一个实验中，分享给大家。先上拓扑图：

 

 

PS:AS200内部IGP跑ospf协议，划分2个子AS 65001.65002,所有路由器起BGP协议

通过BGP-COMMUNITY属性，R2能学到R1通告的所有路由，R3学不到111.111.33.0这个条目，R4学不到111.111.22.0，R5只能学到1.1.1.0这个条目

R1:

interface Loopback0
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback1
 ip address 111.111.111.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback2
 ip address 111.111.22.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback3
 ip address 111.111.33.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 

!
router bgp 100
 no synchronization
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 network 1.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 network 111.111.22.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 network 111.111.33.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 network 111.111.111.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 neighbor 12.1.1.2 remote-as 200
 neighbor 12.1.1.2 send-community
 neighbor 12.1.1.2 route-map set_community out
 no auto-summary

access-list 10 permit 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 20 permit 111.111.111.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 30 permit 111.111.22.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 40 permit 111.111.33.0 0.0.0.255
route-map set_community permit 10
 match ip address 40
 set community no-advertise
!
route-map set_community permit 20
 match ip address 30
 set community local-AS
!
route-map set_community permit 30
 match ip address 20
 set community no-export
!
route-map set_community permit 40
R2:

interface Loopback0
 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback1
 ip address 222.222.222.2 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 23.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
router ospf 200
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0
!
router bgp 65001
 no synchronization
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 bgp confederation identifier 200
 bgp confederation peers 65002
 network 2.2.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 network 222.222.222.0
 neighbor 3.3.3.3 remote-as 65001
 neighbor 3.3.3.3 update-source Loopback0
 neighbor 3.3.3.3 next-hop-self
 neighbor 3.3.3.3 send-community
 neighbor 12.1.1.1 remote-as 100
 no auto-summary

R3：

interface Loopback0
 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback1
 ip address 33.33.33.3 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 34.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
router ospf 200
 router-id 3.3.3.3
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0
!
router bgp 65001
 no synchronization
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 bgp confederation identifier 200
 bgp confederation peers 65002
 network 3.3.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 network 33.33.33.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as 65001
 neighbor 2.2.2.2 update-source Loopback0
 neighbor 2.2.2.2 next-hop-self
 neighbor 4.4.4.4 remote-as 65002
 neighbor 4.4.4.4 ebgp-multihop 20
 neighbor 4.4.4.4 update-source Loopback0
 neighbor 4.4.4.4 send-community
 no auto-summary

R4：

interface Loopback0
 ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback1
 ip address 44.44.44.4 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 34.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 45.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
router ospf 200
 router-id 4.4.4.4
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0
!
router bgp 65002
 no synchronization
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 bgp confederation identifier 200
 bgp confederation peers 65001
 network 4.4.4.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 network 44.44.44.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 neighbor 3.3.3.3 remote-as 65001
 neighbor 3.3.3.3 ebgp-multihop 20
 neighbor 3.3.3.3 update-source Loopback0
 neighbor 45.1.1.2 remote-as 300
 no auto-summary

R5：

interface Loopback0
 ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback1
 ip address 55.55.55.5 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 no ip address
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 45.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
router bgp 300
 no synchronization
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 network 5.5.5.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 network 55.55.55.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 neighbor 45.1.1.1 remote-as 200
 no auto-summary

配置完以后我们来看下路由表

r1#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 13, local router ID is 111.111.111.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
*> 1.1.1.0/24       0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i
*> 2.2.2.0/24       12.1.1.2                 0             0 200 i
*> 3.3.3.0/24       12.1.1.2                               0 200 i
*> 4.4.4.0/24       12.1.1.2                               0 200 i
*> 5.5.5.0/24       12.1.1.2                               0 200 300 i
*> 33.33.33.0/24    12.1.1.2                               0 200 i
*> 44.44.44.0/24    12.1.1.2                               0 200 i
*> 55.55.55.0/24    12.1.1.2                               0 200 300 i
*> 111.111.22.0/24  0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i
*> 111.111.33.0/24  0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i
*> 111.111.111.0/24 0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i
*> 222.222.222.0    12.1.1.2                 0             0 200 i

R1通告了4条路由分别是：1.1.1.0/24     111.111.22.0/24      111.111.33.0/24    111.111.111.0/24

r2#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 25, local router ID is 222.222.222.2
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
*> 1.1.1.0/24       12.1.1.1                 0             0 100 i
*> 2.2.2.0/24       0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i
*>i3.3.3.0/24       3.3.3.3                  0    100      0 i
*>i4.4.4.0/24       3.3.3.3                  0    100      0 (65002) i
*>i5.5.5.0/24       3.3.3.3                  0    100      0 (65002) 300 i
*>i33.33.33.0/24    3.3.3.3                  0    100      0 i
*>i44.44.44.0/24    3.3.3.3                  0    100      0 (65002) i
*>i55.55.55.0/24    3.3.3.3                  0    100      0 (65002) 300 i
*> 111.111.22.0/24  12.1.1.1                 0             0 100 i
*> 111.111.33.0/24  12.1.1.1                 0             0 100 i
*> 111.111.111.0/24 12.1.1.1                 0             0 100 i
*> 222.222.222.0    0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i

R2从R1那4条路由都学到了

r3#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 38, local router ID is 33.33.33.3
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
*>i1.1.1.0/24       2.2.2.2                  0    100      0 100 i
*>i2.2.2.0/24       2.2.2.2                  0    100      0 i
*> 3.3.3.0/24       0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i
*> 4.4.4.0/24       4.4.4.4                  0    100      0 (65002) i
*> 5.5.5.0/24       45.1.1.2                 0    100      0 (65002) 300 i
*> 33.33.33.0/24    0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i
*> 44.44.44.0/24    4.4.4.4                  0    100      0 (65002) i
*> 55.55.55.0/24    45.1.1.2                 0    100      0 (65002) 300 i
*>i111.111.22.0/24  2.2.2.2                  0    100      0 100 i
*>i111.111.111.0/24 2.2.2.2                  0    100      0 100 i
*>i222.222.222.0    2.2.2.2                  0    100      0 i

R3没有学到111.111.33.0/24这个条目，因为R2从R1上收到这个条目的属性是no-advertise，因此没有向R3宣告
 

r4#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 37, local router ID is 44.44.44.4
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
*> 1.1.1.0/24       2.2.2.2                  0    100      0 (65001) 100 i
*> 2.2.2.0/24       2.2.2.2                  0    100      0 (65001) i
*> 3.3.3.0/24       3.3.3.3                  0    100      0 (65001) i
*> 4.4.4.0/24       0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i
*> 5.5.5.0/24       45.1.1.2                 0             0 300 i
*> 33.33.33.0/24    3.3.3.3                  0    100      0 (65001) i
*> 44.44.44.0/24    0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i
*> 55.55.55.0/24    45.1.1.2                 0             0 300 i
*> 111.111.111.0/24 2.2.2.2                  0    100      0 (65001) 100 i
*> 222.222.222.0    2.2.2.2                  0    100      0 (65001) i

R4从R3那没有学到111.111.22.0这个条目，因为111.111.22.0这个路由条目的属性为local-as，只在联邦内AS传播

r5#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 32, local router ID is 55.55.55.5
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
*> 1.1.1.0/24       45.1.1.1                               0 200 100 i
*> 2.2.2.0/24       45.1.1.1                               0 200 i
*> 3.3.3.0/24       45.1.1.1                               0 200 i
*> 4.4.4.0/24       45.1.1.1                 0             0 200 i
*> 5.5.5.0/24       0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i
*> 33.33.33.0/24    45.1.1.1                               0 200 i
*> 44.44.44.0/24    45.1.1.1                 0             0 200 i
*> 55.55.55.0/24    0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i
*> 222.222.222.0    45.1.1.1                               0 200 i

R4收到111.111.111.0这个条目的属性为no-export，因此它不向R5宣告这条路由