java 死亡,Java 8中致命的死亡钻石

I'm a Java developer and I've been learning C++ on the side. I recently got into the "deadly diamond of death" in C++ and researched if this problem was possible in Java. In Do interfaces solve the "deadly diamond of death" issue?, I found this:

Java 8 screws this up for methods; an interface now can declare both

default methods and static method implementations. This brings a large

chunk of the Diamond of Death problem into the language.

I'm wondering if someone would be able to expand on the problems introduced by Java 8 for the DDD.

解决方案

I imagine the quoted answer is referring to scenarios such as this in Java:1

interface B {

default void x() { System.out.println("B::x"); }

}

interface C {

default void x() { System.out.println("C::x"); }

}

class D implements B, C {}

What would something like new D().x() do here?

Luckily, the compiler forbids the definition of D entirely, with the following message:

D inherits unrelated defaults for x() from types B and C

One can resolve the ambiguity (and satisfy the compiler) by overriding x in D. One may then explicitly invoke the individual inherited default methods:

class D implements B, C {

@Override

public void x() {

B.super.x(); // Note explicit interface names

C.super.x();

}

}

1. Clearly, there's no diamond here. But this is an even simpler case. We could add interface A { void x(); } that both B and C extend, but that wouldn't change the result.