大家都體會過sequential container搭配copy() algorithm,只要一行程式就可以將所有值輸出到cout,map這種associative container就無法用這一招,是否有其它方式解決呢?
map這種associative container因為是雙值,若用copy()到cout,會讓cout傻眼,不知道要抓拿一個值,當然用for loop一定可以,但基於使用STL的最高境界:不用for/while loop,此範例我們使用了for_each() algorithm。
1
/**/
/*
2(C) OOMusou 2006 http://oomusou.cnblogs.com
3
4Filename : MapWithfor_each.cpp
5Compiler : Visual C++ 8.0 / ISO C++
6Description : Demo how to use for_each() algorithm to print map.
7Release : 12/14/2006 1.0
8*/
9 #include < iostream >
10 #include < map >
11 #include < algorithm >
12 #include < string >
13
14 using namespace std;
15
16 void print(pair < int , string > );
17
18 int main() {
19 map<int, string> authors;
20 authors[1] = "Stanley B. Lippman";
21 authors[2] = "Scott Meyers";
22 authors[3] = "Andrei Alexandrescu";
23
24 for_each(authors.begin(), authors.end(), print);
25
26 return 0;
27}
28
29 void print(pair < int , string > p) {
30 cout << p.second << endl;
31}
2(C) OOMusou 2006 http://oomusou.cnblogs.com
3
4Filename : MapWithfor_each.cpp
5Compiler : Visual C++ 8.0 / ISO C++
6Description : Demo how to use for_each() algorithm to print map.
7Release : 12/14/2006 1.0
8*/
9 #include < iostream >
10 #include < map >
11 #include < algorithm >
12 #include < string >
13
14 using namespace std;
15
16 void print(pair < int , string > );
17
18 int main() {
19 map<int, string> authors;
20 authors[1] = "Stanley B. Lippman";
21 authors[2] = "Scott Meyers";
22 authors[3] = "Andrei Alexandrescu";
23
24 for_each(authors.begin(), authors.end(), print);
25
26 return 0;
27}
28
29 void print(pair < int , string > p) {
30 cout << p.second << endl;
31}
執行結果
1
Stanley B. Lippman
2 Scott Meyers
3 Andrei Alexandrescu
4 請按任意鍵繼續 . . .
2 Scott Meyers
3 Andrei Alexandrescu
4 請按任意鍵繼續 . . .
使用for_each()的感動雖然不如copy()那樣震撼,但最少程式乾淨了許多。