C#实现--单链表(链式)

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace SingleLinkedList
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

             //实例调用

        }
    }

    //定义单链表的结点
    //结点存储数据和下一个结点的地址(引用).这里用一个类表示.
    public class Node<T>
    {
        private T data;  //数据
        private Node<T> next; //引用

        //构造器
        public Node(T val, Node<T> p)
        {
            data = val;
            next = p;
        }
       
        //构造器2
        public Node(Node<T> p)
        {
            next = p;
        }

        //构造器3
        public Node(T val)
        {
            data = val;
            next = null;
        }

        //构造器4
        public Node()
        {
            data = default(T);
            next = null;
        }

        //数据域属性
        public T Data
        {
            get
            {
                return data;
            }
            set
            {
                data = value;
            }
        }

        //引用域属性
        public Node<T> Next
        {
            get { return next; }
            set { next = value; }
        }
    }

   
    //单链表类--定义操作结点的一些方法(如删除, 插入等).
    //IList<T>是.net自带的一个接口. 这里实现了这个接口.
    public class LinkList<T> : IList<T>
    {
        private Node<T> head;  //单链表的头引用

        //头引用 属性
        public Node<T> Head
        {
            get { return head; }
            set { head = value; }
        }

        //构造器
        public LinkList()
        {
            head = null;
        }

        ///<summary>
        ///求单链表的长度
        ///需要从表头开始, 一个结点一个结点遍历,直到表的末尾.
        ///</summary>
      
        public int GetLength()
        {
            Node<T> p = head;

            int len = 0;
            while (p != null)
            {
                ++len;
                p = p.Next;
            }

            return len;
        }

        ///<summary>
        /// 清空单链表
        /// head=null即可.
        /// 单链表清空后,原来结点所占用的空间不会一直保留, 而由垃圾回收器进行回收.
        ///</summary>
        public void Clear()
        {
            head = null;
        }

        ///<summary>
        /// 判断单链表是否为空
        /// head==null,即为空
        ///</summary>
        public bool IsEmpty()
        {
            if (head == null)
            {
                return true;
            }
            else
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        ///<summary>
        ///附加操作
        ///在单链表的末尾添加新元素
        /// </summary>
        public void Append(T item)
        {
            Node<T> q = new Node<T>(item);
            Node<T> p = new Node<T>();

            if (head == null)
            {
                head = q;
                return;
            }

            p = head;
            while (p.Next != null)
            {
                p = p.Next;
            }

            p.Next = q;
        }

        //在单链表的第 i 个结点位置前插入一个值为 item 的结点.
        public void Insert(T item, int i)
        {
            if (IsEmpty() || i < 1)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("List is empty or Position is error!");
                return;
            }

            //就一个head元素.(插入到head前即可)
            if (i == 1)
            {
                Node<T> q = new Node<T>(item);
                q.Next = head;
                return;
            }

            //非head(中间某一元素前插入P)
            Node<T> p = head;
            Node<T> r = new Node<T>();
            int j = 1;

            while (p.Next != null && j < i)
            {
                r = p;
                p = p.Next;
                ++j;
            }

            if (j == i)
            {
                Node<T> q = new Node<T>(item);
                q.Next = p;
                r.Next = q;
            }

        }

        //在单链表的第 i 个结点的位置后插入一个值为 item的结点.
        public void InsertPost(T item, int i)
        {
            if (IsEmpty() || i < 1)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("List is empty or Position is error!");
                return;
            }

            if (i == 1)
            {
                Node<T> q = new Node<T>(item);
                q.Next = head.Next;
                head.Next = q;
                return;
            }

            Node<T> p = head;
            int j = 1;

            while (p != null && j < i)
            {
                p = p.Next;
                ++j;
            }

            if (j == i)
            {
                Node<T> q = new Node<T>(item);
                q.Next = p.Next;
                p.Next = q;
            }
        }

        //删除单链表的第 i 个结点
        public T Delete(int i)
        {
            if (IsEmpty() || i < 0)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Link is empty or Position is error!");
                return default(T);
            }

            Node<T> q = new Node<T>();
            if (i == 1)
            {
                q = head;
                head = head.Next;
                return q.Data;
            }

            Node<T> p = head;
            int j = 1;

            //从头一直找到 i 所在的位置
            //条件是: (1).单链表没有到末尾, (2).还没有到 i 所在的位置 ( j< i).
            while (p.Next != null && j < i)
            {
                ++j;
                q = p;
                p = p.Next;
            }

            if (j == i)
            {
                q.Next = p.Next;
                return p.Data;
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("The item node is not exist!");
                return default(T);
            }
        }

        //获得单链表的第 i 个数据元素
        public T GetElem(int i)
        {
            if (IsEmpty())
            {
                Console.WriteLine("List is empty!");
                return default(T);
            }

            Node<T> p = new Node<T>();
            p = head;
            int j = 1;

            while (p.Next != null & j < i)
            {
                ++j;
                p = p.Next;
            }

            if (j == i)
            {
                return p.Data;  //找到了.
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("The item node is not exist!");
                return default(T);
            }
        }

        ///<summary>
        ///在单链表中查找值为 value 的结点
        ///</summary>
        public int Locate(T value)
        {
            if (IsEmpty())
            {
                Console.WriteLine("List is Empty!");
                return -1;
            }

            Node<T> p = new Node<T>();
            p = head;
            int i = 1;
            while (!p.Data.Equals(value) && p.Next != null)
            {
                p = p.Next;
                ++i;
            }

            return i;
        }

 

    }

   
}