linux -wall 有没有级别,Linux的运行级别

一.Linux的运行级别

1.查看当前运行级别的命令：runlevel

2.每个运行级别的作用

二.各运行级别下的含义

1.init 0(关机)

# ls /etc/rc.d/rc0.d

K05wdaemon             K60crond               K84NetworkManager        K90network

K10saslauthd             K73winbind            K84wpa_supplicant           K92ip6tables

K15svnserve              K74haldaemon       K85mdmonitor                  K92iptables

K25sshd                     K74ntpd                  K85messagebus                K95firstboot

K30postfix                 K75netfs                 K87restorecond                 S00killall

K30spice-vdagentd   K75ntpdate            K88auditd                          S01halt

K50dnsmasq              K75udev-post        K88rsyslog

K50netconsole           K80kdump             K89rdisc

这个级别启动的只有killall和hatl服务，杀死全部进程和关机，这个级别只用作关机

2.init 1(单用户模式)

# ls /etc/rc.d/rc1.d

K05wdaemon             K60crond                             K84wpa_supplicant          K92ip6tables

K10saslauthd              K73winbind                         K85mdmonitor                 K92iptables

K15svnserve               K74haldaemon                    K85messagebus                K95firstboot

K25sshd                      K74ntpd                              K87restorecond                 S26udev-post

K30postfix                   K75netfs                             K88auditd                          S99single

K30spice-vdagentd     K75ntpdate                        K88rsyslog

K50dnsmasq                K80kdump                         K89rdisc

K50netconsole            K84NetworkManager        K90network

这个级别启动的服务同样只有两个，udev相关和single(单用户模式)。只支持root单用户，不支持其     他用户使用

3.init 2(多用户模式-无fns)

# ls /etc/rc.d/rc2.d

K05wdaemon              K74ntpd                    S08ip6tables               S26udev-post

K10saslauthd               K75netfs                   S08iptables                 S55sshd

K15svnserve                 K75ntpdate              S10network                S80postfix

K30spice-vdagentd      K80kdump               S11auditd                   S90crond

K50dnsmasq                K84wpa_supplicant  S12rsyslog                  S99local

K50netconsole             K87restorecond       S15mdmonitor

K73winbind                  K89rdisc                   S22messagebus

K74haldaemon             K95firstboot            S23NetworkManager

这个级别启动服务很多， 基本上需要的都有，但是nfs相关服务没有开启，这个级别不支持nfs

4.init 3(多用户模式)

# ls /etc/rc.d/rc3.d

K05wdaemon             K75ntpdate                 S11auditd              S26udev-post

K10saslauthd              K84wpa_supplicant     S12rsyslog             S55sshd

K15svnserve                K87restorecond          S15mdmonitor      S80postfix

K30spice-vdagentd     K89rdisc                      S20kdump             S90crond

K50dnsmasq               K95firstboot                S22messagebus     S99local

K50netconsole            S08ip6tables               S23NetworkManager

K73winbind                 S08iptables                 S25netfs

K74ntpd                      S10network                 S26haldaemon

服务基本开启，nfs服务也有了，我们平时运行虚拟机默认的启动级别也是这个级别

5.init 4(保留级别)

# ls /etc/rc.d/rc4.d

K05wdaemon             K75ntpdate                 S11auditd                  S26udev-post

K10saslauthd              K84wpa_supplicant     S12rsyslog                S55sshd

K15svnserve                K87restorecond          S15mdmonitor         S80postfix

K30spice-vdagentd     K89rdisc                      S20kdump                S90crond

K50dnsmasq               K95firstboot                S22messagebus        S99local

K50netconsole            S08ip6tables               S23NetworkManager

K73winbind                 S08iptables                 S25netfs

K74ntpd                      S10network                 S26haldaemon

开启的服务和init3是一样一样滴，所以这只是作为一个保留的级别(并不是安全模式！)

6.init 5(图形界面)

# ls /etc/rc.d/rc5.d

K05wdaemon         K84wpa_supplicant          S12rsyslog                     S55sshd

K10saslauthd          K87restorecond               S15mdmonitor              S70spice-vdagentd

K15svnserve           K89rdisc                           S20kdump                     S80postfix

K50dnsmasq          K95firstboot                     S22messagebus             S90crond

K50netconsole       S08ip6tables                    S23NetworkManager      S99local

K73winbind            S08iptables                      S25netfs

K74ntpd                 S10network                      S26haldaemon

K75ntpdate            S11auditd                        S26udev-post

我并没有安装图形界面，所有我也不是很清楚

7、init 6(重新启动)

# ls /etc/rc.d/rc6.d

K05wdaemon             K60crond              K84NetworkManager      K90network

K10saslauthd              K73winbind          K84wpa_supplicant          K92ip6tables

K15svnserve               K74haldaemon     K85mdmonitor                K92iptables

K25sshd                      K74ntpd               K85messagebus               K95firstboot

K30postfix                  K75netfs               K87restorecond               S00killall

K30spice-vdagentd    K75ntpdate          K88auditd                        S01reboot

K50dnsmasq               K75udev-post      K88rsyslog

K50netconsole            K80kdump           K89rdisc

只有一个killall和一个reboot reboot(重新启动)

三.安装图形界面

1.首先用yum grouplist查看可用的安装软件包；

2.因为并不支持中文(我不服)，所以要转化成英文：LANG=en；

3.安装Desktop和window system；

yum grouplist -y "X Window System"

yum grouplist -y "Desktop"

这样图形界面就安装成功，大功告成了