注，在该案例研究中，我们全程关注私网路由4.4.4.4/32。在公网中，需要关注公网路由2.2.2.2/32
   1、Ingress-PE
  1)、VRP路由表：show ip route vrf <vrf>
  Routing Table: ***1                                                            
    Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP                  
           D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area          
           N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2          
           E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2                    
           i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2    
           ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route  
           o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route                            
                                                                                    
    Gateway of last resort is not set                                              
                                                                                    
         4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets                                        
    B       4.4.4.4 [200/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:28:54                                  
         5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets                                        
    B       5.5.5.5 [20/0] via 172.16.35.5, 00:29:38                                
         172.17.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets                                      
    B       172.17.24.0 [200/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:30:55                              
         172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets                                      
    C       172.16.35.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0.1                    
    B       172.16.24.0 [200/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:30:55
    
    2)、私网标签：show ip bgp ***v4 vrf <vrf> labels
    
    C3600-R3#show ip bgp ***v4 vrf ***1 labels                                      
       Network          Next Hop      In label/Out label                            
    Route Distinguisher: 65000:300 (***1)                                          
       4.4.4.4/32       2.2.2.2         nolabel/22                                  
       5.5.5.5/32       172.16.35.5     21/nolabel                                  
       172.16.24.0/24   2.2.2.2         nolabel/20                                  
       172.16.35.0/24   172.16.35.5     20/nolabel                                  
                        0.0.0.0         20/aggregate(***1)                          
       172.17.24.0/24   2.2.2.2         nolabel/21
      
   只显示私网标签，为了了解转发过程的完整性，可以根据下一跳进一步查找公网标签
    
    3)、公网标签：show mpls forwarding-table
    C3600-R3#show mpls forwarding-table                                            
    Local  Outgoing    Prefix            Bytes tag  Outgoing   Next Hop            
    tag    tag or VC   or Tunnel Id      switched   interface                      
    17     Pop tag     1.1.1.1/32        0          Fa0/0      172.16.13.1          
    18     16          2.2.2.2/32        0          Fa0/0      172.16.13.1          
    19     Pop tag     172.16.12.0/24    0          Fa0/0      172.16.13.1          
    20     Aggregate   172.16.35.0/24[V] 1164                                      
    21     Untagged    5.5.5.5/32[V]     0          Fa1/0.1    172.16.35.5  
    
    主要关注到2.2.2.2/32的标签，结合2)、3)命令的输出，可以看出到私网路由4.4.4.4/32的公网标签为16，私网标签为22。即，标签栈为{16，22}，到该私网目的地址的数据包会打上两层标签{16,22}
    
    4)、私网 cef：show ip cef vrf <vrf> <dest ip>
    该命令的好处就是，可以看到完整的标签栈
    C3600-R3#show ip cef vrf ***1 4.4.4.4                                          
    4.4.4.4/32, version 13, epoch 0, cached adjacency 172.16.13.1                  
    0 packets, 0 bytes                                                              
      tag information set                                                          
        local tag: ×××-route-head                                                  
        fast tag rewrite with Fa0/0, 172.16.13.1, tags imposed: {16 22}            
      via 2.2.2.2, 0 dependencies, recursive                                        
        next hop 172.16.13.1, FastEthernet0/0 via 2.2.2.2/32                        
        valid cached adjacency                                                      
        tag rewrite with Fa0/0, 172.16.13.1, tags imposed: {16 22}
    输出结果和2)、 3)命令得出的结果是一致的，但是使用更方便
    
   2、P
    1)、公网标签转发表：show mpls forwarding-table
    C3600-R1#show mpls forwarding-table                                            
    Local  Outgoing    Prefix            Bytes tag  Outgoing   Next Hop            
    tag    tag or VC   or Tunnel Id      switched   interface                      
    16     Pop tag     2.2.2.2/32        73         Fa0/0      172.16.12.2          
    18     Pop tag     3.3.3.3/32        11751      Fa1/0      172.16.13.3      
    
    关注到2.2.2.2/32的表项，入标签(Local Tag)和1.4)中的公网标签一致。出标签执行Pop操作（倒数第二跳弹出）。
    
   3、Egress-PE
    1)、VRF路由表
    C3600-R2#show ip route vrf ***1                                                
                                                                                
    Routing Table: ***1                                                            
    Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP                  
           D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area          
           N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2          
           E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2                    
           i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2    
           ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route  
           o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route                            
                                                                                    
    Gateway of last resort is not set                                              
                                                                                    
         4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets                                        
    B       4.4.4.4 [20/0] via 172.16.24.4, 01:17:52                                
         5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets                                        
    B       5.5.5.5 [200/0] via 3.3.3.3, 01:18:16                                  
         172.17.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets                                      
    C       172.17.24.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0.2                    
         172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets                                      
    B       172.16.35.0 [200/0] via 3.3.3.3, 01:19:31                              
    C       172.16.24.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0.1                    
    
    2)、私网标签：show ip bgp ***v4 vrf <vrf> labels
    C3600-R2#show ip bgp ***v4 vrf ***1 labels                                      
       Network          Next Hop      In label/Out label                            
    Route Distinguisher: 65000:100 (***1)                                          
       4.4.4.4/32       172.17.24.4     22/nolabel                                  
                        172.16.24.4     22/nolabel                                  
       5.5.5.5/32       3.3.3.3         nolabel/21                                  
       172.16.24.0/24   172.17.24.4     20/nolabel                                  
                        172.16.24.4     20/nolabel                                  
                        0.0.0.0         20/aggregate(***1)                          
       172.16.35.0/24   3.3.3.3         nolabel/20                                  
       172.17.24.0/24   172.17.24.4     21/nolabel                                  
                        172.16.24.4     21/nolabel                                  
                        0.0.0.0         21/aggregate(***1)            
    到私网路由4.4.4.4/32的入标签为22，和Ingress- PE打的私网标签一致。无出标签，转为IP转发。