MongoDB入坑
安装略
MongoDB启动方式
安装完mongodb后,就可以这样启动,
➜ mongodb pwd
/Users/xinxingegeya/IDE/mongodb
➜ mongodb bin/mongod
还可以通过指定参数方式启动,
➜ mongodb bin/mongod --dbpath=/data/db --bind_ip=127.0.0.1 --port=12345
然后就可以通过下面的方式连接到mongodb,
➜ mongodb bin/mongo 127.0.0.1:12345
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.4
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:12345/test
>
以上两种方式都是以非daemon方式启动的。如何以daemon方式启动呢?
可以使用mongodb自带的参数--fork,还要注意当使用fork参数的时候,必须指定logpath参数,如下,
➜ mongodb bin/mongod --dbpath=/data/db --bind_ip=127.0.0.1 --port=12345 --fork
BadValue: --fork has to be used with --logpath or --syslog
try 'bin/mongod --help' for more information
➜ mongodb bin/mongod --dbpath=/data/db --bind_ip=127.0.0.1 --port=12345 --fork --logpath=/Users/xinxingegeya/IDE/mongodb/log/mongodb.log
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 1620
child process started successfully, parent exiting
➜ mongodb ps -ef | grep mongod
501 1620 1 0 12:11下午 ?? 0:01.15 bin/mongod --dbpath=/data/db --bind_ip=127.0.0.1 --port=12345 --fork --logpath=/Users/xinxingegeya/IDE/mongodb/log/mongodb.log
501 1632 965 0 12:11下午 ttys002 0:00.00 grep --color=auto --exclude-dir=.bzr --exclude-dir=CVS --exclude-dir=.git --exclude-dir=.hg --exclude-dir=.svn mongod
➜ mongodb
为了方便,可以把配置参数写入到配置文件中,每次启动的时候都可以指定配置文件的方式启动。
mongodb的配置文件是基于yaml格式的,如下是部分配置,
systemLog:
destination: file
path: ./log/mongodb.log
logAppend: true
net:
port: 12345
bindIp: 127.0.0.1
maxIncomingConnections: 1000
processManagement:
fork: true
security:
authorization: disabled
指定配置文件方式启动,
➜ mongodb bin/mongod --config mongodb.yaml
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 1717
child process started successfully, parent exiting
➜ mongodb ps -ef |grep mongod
501 1717 1 0 12:26下午 ?? 0:00.76 bin/mongod --config mongodb.yaml
501 1723 965 0 12:26下午 ttys002 0:00.00 grep --color=auto --exclude-dir=.bzr --exclude-dir=CVS --exclude-dir=.git --exclude-dir=.hg --exclude-dir=.svn mongod
➜ mongodb
好的可以看到启动成功。
MongoDB添加用户
像mysql一样,mongodb也可以使用用户名和密码登录指定的数据库,如果不指定登录的数据库的话,默认是test数据库。如下,
➜ mongodb bin/mongo 127.0.0.1:12345
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.4
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:12345/test
下面就来演示一下如何使用用户名和密码来登。
首先在mydb数据库中添加用户,
> show dbs
testdb 0.000GB
> use mydb
switched to db mydb
> db.myCollection.insert({"name":"hello world"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> show dbs
mydb 0.000GB
testdb 0.000GB
> db.createUser(
... {
... user: "root",
... pwd: "034039",
... roles: [
... { role: "readWrite", db: "mydb" },
... ]
... }
... )
Successfully added user: {
"user" : "root",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "readWrite",
"db" : "mydb"
}
]
}
> show users
{
"_id" : "mydb.root",
"user" : "root",
"db" : "mydb",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "readWrite",
"db" : "mydb"
}
]
}
> show dbs
admin 0.000GB
mydb 0.000GB
testdb 0.000GB
> use admin
switched to db admin
> show users
> show collections
system.users
system.version
> db.system.users.find()
{ "_id" : "mydb.root", "user" : "root", "db" : "mydb", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "ru0tsPFgcsem2Wca1ALZgA==", "storedKey" : "TEjwrgDStoS/C4CEXX0YWp5US/8=", "serverKey" : "Yx0Eji3t3RnrO0/LfFP6+rTs5es=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "mydb" } ] }
>
从上面的操作来看,在mydb创建用户之后,多了一个admin数据库。
其实admin数据库是用来管理其他数据库的用户的。
总之现在在mydb数据库的用户创建好了,看一下如何来使用该用户认证,首先要开启mongodb的--auth参数,这里我们使用yaml配置文件选项来开启auth,
systemLog:
destination: file
path: ./log/mongodb.log
logAppend: true
net:
port: 12345
bindIp: 127.0.0.1
maxIncomingConnections: 1000
processManagement:
fork: true
security:
authorization: enabled
重启mongodb,
➜ mongodb bin/mongo 127.0.0.1:12345
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.4
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:12345/test
> show dbs
2016-04-15T16:07:30.725+0800 E QUERY [thread1] Error: listDatabases failed:{
"ok" : 0,
"errmsg" : "not authorized on admin to execute command { listDatabases: 1.0 }",
"code" : 13
} :
_getErrorWithCode@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:23:13
Mongo.prototype.getDBs@src/mongo/shell/mongo.js:53:1
shellHelper.show@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:700:19
shellHelper@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:594:15
@(shellhelp2):1:1
> use mydb
switched to db mydb
> show collections
2016-04-15T16:07:44.433+0800 E QUERY [thread1] Error: listCollections failed: {
"ok" : 0,
"errmsg" : "not authorized on mydb to execute command { listCollections: 1.0, filter: {} }",
"code" : 13
} :
_getErrorWithCode@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:23:13
DB.prototype._getCollectionInfosCommand@src/mongo/shell/db.js:746:1
DB.prototype.getCollectionInfos@src/mongo/shell/db.js:758:15
DB.prototype.getCollectionNames@src/mongo/shell/db.js:769:12
shellHelper.show@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:695:9
shellHelper@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:594:15
@(shellhelp2):1:1
> db.auth("root","034039")
1
> show collections
myCollection
>
可以看到,只有在auth通过后,命令才能执行成功。
也可以直接通过登录的时候完成用户认证,如下操作
➜ mongodb bin/mongo 127.0.0.1:12345/mydb -uroot -p034039
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.4
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:12345/mydb
> show collections
myCollection
>
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