Swift - 多线程实现方式（1） - NSThread

1，Swift继续使用Object-C原有的一套线程，包括三种多线程编程技术：

（1）NSThread

（2）Cocoa NSOperation（NSOperation和NSOperationQueue）

（3）Grand Central Dispath（GCD）

2，本文着重介绍NSThread

NSTread在三种多线程技术中是最轻量级的，但需要自己管理线程的生命周期和线程同步。线程同步对数据的加锁会有一定的系统开销。

3，NSThread的两种创建方式

（1）直接创建线程并且自动运行线程

（2）先创建一个线程对象，然后手动运行线程，在运行线程操作之前可以设置线程的优先级等线程信息。

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import UIKit   class ViewController : UIViewController {        override func viewDidLoad() {          super .viewDidLoad()                    //方式1：使用类方法          NSThread .detachNewThreadSelector( "downloadImage" , toTarget: self , withObject: nil )                    //方式2：实例方法-便利构造器          var myThread: NSThread = NSThread (target: self , selector: "downloadImage" , object: nil )          myThread.start()      }            //定义一个下载图片的方法，线程调用      func downloadImage(){          var imageUrl = "http://hangge.com/blog/images/logo.png"          var data = NSData (contentsOfURL: NSURL (string: imageUrl)!, options: nil , error: nil )          println (data?.length)      }            override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {          super .didReceiveMemoryWarning()          // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.      } }

4，线程同步

线程同步方法通过锁来实现，每个线程都只用一个锁，这个锁与一个特定的线程关联。下面演示两个线程之间的同步。

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import UIKit   class ViewController : UIViewController {            //定义两个线程      var thread1: NSThread ?      var thread2: NSThread ?            //定义两个线程条件，用于锁住线程      let condition1 = NSCondition ()      let condition2 = NSCondition ()        override func viewDidLoad() {          super .viewDidLoad()                    thread2 = NSThread (target: self , selector: "method2:" , object: nil )          thread1 = NSThread (target: self , selector: "method1:" , object: nil )          thread1?.start()      }            //定义两方法，用于两个线程调用      func method1(sender: AnyObject ){          for var i=0; i<10; i++ {              print ( "NSThread 1 running \(i)" )              sleep(1)                            if i == 2 {                  thread2?.start() //启动线程2                                    //本线程（thread1）锁定                  condition1.lock()                  condition1.wait()                  condition1.unlock()              }          }                        print ( "NSThread 1 over" )                    //线程2激活          condition2.signal()      }            //方法2      func method2(sender: AnyObject ){          for var i=0; i<10; i++ {              print ( "NSThread 2 running \(i)" )              sleep(1)                            if i == 2 {                  //线程1激活                  condition1.signal()                                    //本线程（thread2）锁定                  condition2.lock()                  condition2.wait()                  condition2.unlock()              }          }                     print ( "NSThread 2 over" )      }            override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {          super .didReceiveMemoryWarning()          // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.      } }

输出结果：

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NSThread 1 running 0 NSThread 1 running 1 NSThread 1 running 2 NSThread 2 running 0 NSThread 2 running 1 NSThread 2 running 2 NSThread 1 running 3 NSThread 1 running 4 NSThread 1 running 5 NSThread 1 running 6 NSThread 1 running 7 NSThread 1 running 8 NSThread 1 running 9 NSThread 1 over NSThread 2 running 3 NSThread 2 running 4 NSThread 2 running 5 NSThread 2 running 6 NSThread 2 running 7 NSThread 2 running 8 NSThread 2 running 9 NSThread 2 over