之前因为项目的关系，涉及到与服务器实时通信，比如通过GPRS将GPS的位置信息等信息发送到服务器，然后再转发给Silverlight应用程序，最后在地图上标示出实时的地理位置，查了查相关的资料，网上给出的比较好的方法就是利用Socket与服务器通信。于是这两天看了看Silverlight下的Socket通信，在此将学习的心得和实现过程作一个记录，以供相互学习和交流。

      园子里关于这方面的内容已经有很多大神写过了，这里小小的推荐一下：

      http://www.cnblogs.com/webabcd/archive/2008/12/22/1359551.html

      因此本文的重点知识说一下具体实现的过程，细节和原理性的东西不会太多，因为本人也是新手，所以就不卖弄了。之前说到和地图结合，所以本文的后续工作将会把Silverlight的Socket通信与ArcGIS 的地图结合，来实现一个小小的功能，而本篇则主要关于Socket的实现过程。下面就进入正题吧。

 

一.Silverlight的Socket通信和控制台、WinForm下的Socket通信有很大的区别。

对于后两者的Socket通信，其过程就是开启端口，绑定端口，监听端口，连接，接收数据，发送数据。

而在Silverlight中则不太一样，在Silverlight中，首先是Silverlight客户端自动向943端口的服务器端发送一个“<policy-file-request/>”的语句请求，然后服务器端向客户端发送策略文件：

clientaccesspolicy.xml，例如：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>  <access-policy>    <cross-domain-access>      <policy>        <allow-from>          <domain uri="*"/>        </allow-from>        <grant-to>          <socket-resource port="4502-4534" protocol="tcp"/>        </grant-to>      </policy>    </cross-domain-access>  </access-policy>

发送之后，才允许和服务器进行Socket通信，之后的过程则都是一样。

二、服务器端

2.1、Silverligh中发送策略文件服务

上面说到，Silverlight中，服务器端会向客户端发送策略文件，然后才能开始Socket通信，下面给出服务器端的发送策略文件服务的代码，该代码是在网上找的，是别人已经写好的一个类，所以在编写Silverlight 的Socket通信程序时，只要添加这个类就好了，代码如下：

using System;  using System.Net.Sockets;  using System.Net;  using System.Threading;  using System.IO;  using System.Windows.Forms;    namespace WindowsServer  {      class PolicySocketServer      {          TcpListener _Listener = null;          TcpClient _Client = null;          static ManualResetEvent _TcpClientConnected = new ManualResetEvent(false);          const string _PolicyRequestString = "<policy-file-request/>";          int _ReceivedLength = 0;          byte[] _Policy = null;          byte[] _ReceiveBuffer = null;            private void InitializeData()          {              string policyFile = Path.Combine(Application.StartupPath, "clientaccesspolicy.xml");              using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(policyFile, FileMode.Open))              {                  _Policy = new byte[fs.Length];                  fs.Read(_Policy, 0, _Policy.Length);              }              _ReceiveBuffer = new byte[_PolicyRequestString.Length];          }          public void StartSocketServer()          {              InitializeData();                try              {                  _Listener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, 943);                  _Listener.Start();                  while (true)                  {                      _TcpClientConnected.Reset();                      _Listener.BeginAcceptTcpClient(new AsyncCallback(OnBeginAccept), null);                      _TcpClientConnected.WaitOne();                  }              }              catch (Exception)              {              }          }            private void OnBeginAccept(IAsyncResult ar)          {              _Client = _Listener.EndAcceptTcpClient(ar);              _Client.Client.BeginReceive(_ReceiveBuffer, 0, _PolicyRequestString.Length, SocketFlags.None,                  new AsyncCallback(OnReceiveComplete), null);          }            private void OnReceiveComplete(IAsyncResult ar)          {              try              {                  _ReceivedLength += _Client.Client.EndReceive(ar);                  if (_ReceivedLength < _PolicyRequestString.Length)                  {                      _Client.Client.BeginReceive(_ReceiveBuffer, _ReceivedLength,                          _PolicyRequestString.Length - _ReceivedLength,                          SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(OnReceiveComplete), null);                      return;                  }                  string request = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(_ReceiveBuffer, 0, _ReceivedLength);                  if (StringComparer.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase.Compare(request, _PolicyRequestString) != 0)                  {                      _Client.Client.Close();                      return;                  }                  _Client.Client.BeginSend(_Policy, 0, _Policy.Length, SocketFlags.None,                      new AsyncCallback(OnSendComplete), null);              }              catch (Exception)              {                  _Client.Client.Close();              }              _ReceivedLength = 0;              _TcpClientConnected.Set(); //Allow waiting thread to proceed           }            private void OnSendComplete(IAsyncResult ar)          {              try              {                  _Client.Client.EndSendFile(ar);              }              catch (Exception)              {              }              finally              {                  _Client.Client.Close();              }          }       }  }

2.2、启动策略文件服务，声明Socket，监听端口，接收数据，发送数据。

启动策略文件服务

#region Start The Policy Server 验证策略文件              PolicySocketServer StartPolicyServer = new PolicySocketServer();              Thread th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(StartPolicyServer.StartSocketServer));              th.IsBackground = true;              th.Start();              #endregion

声明Socket，绑定端口，开始监听

 private void StartButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)          {//创建Socket              listener = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);              //获取主机信息              IPHostEntry ipHostInfo = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName());                //把IP和端口转换化为IPEndPoint实例,端口号取4530              //Win7 中开启了IPV6的地址，因此0,1对应的是IPV6的地址，2，3对应IPV4地址，3对应本机的IP地址              //XP中没有开启IPV6              HostIPTextBox.Text = ipHostInfo.AddressList[3].ToString();                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PortTextBox.Text))              {                  //获取端口号                  int port = Convert.ToInt32(PortTextBox.Text.Trim());                  //获得本机的IP地址                  localEP = new IPEndPoint(ipHostInfo.AddressList[3], port);              }              else              {                 //默认4530端口                  ipAddress = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");                  localEP = new IPEndPoint(ipHostInfo.AddressList[3], 4530);              }                try              {                  //绑定指定的终结点                  listener.Bind(localEP);                  //开始监听                  listener.Listen(10);                  //一直循环接收客户端的消息，开启监听端口线程                  ThreadStart threadwatchStart = new ThreadStart(WatchConnecting);                  threadWatch = new Thread(threadwatchStart);                  threadWatch.IsBackground = true;                  threadWatch.Start();              }              catch (Exception ex)              {                  MessageBox.Show(ex.Data.ToString());              }          }

连接端口，接收数据

   private void WatchConnecting()          {              ChangeStatue("等待Silverlight客户端连接.....");              while (true)  //持续不断监听客户端发来的请求                {                  listener.BeginAccept(AcceptCallBack, listener);                  _flipFlop.WaitOne();              }          }
 private  void AcceptCallBack(IAsyncResult asyresult)          {              Socket listener = (Socket)asyresult.AsyncState;              Socket socket = listener.EndAccept(asyresult);              ChangeStatue("连接到Silverlight客户端....");              _flipFlop.Set();              var state = new StateObject();              state.Socket = socket;              socket.BeginReceive(state.Buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0, ReciverCallBack, state);          }
  private void ReciverCallBack(IAsyncResult asyResult)          {              StateObject state = (StateObject)asyResult.AsyncState;              Socket socket = state.Socket;              int read = socket.EndReceive(asyResult);              if (read > 0)              {                  string chunk = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(state.Buffer, 0, read);                  state.StringBuilder.Append(chunk);                  if (state.StringBuilder.Length > 0)                  {                      string result = state.StringBuilder.ToString();                      ChangeStatue("成功接收到消息："+result);                      ChangeReciveText(result);                      Send(socket, SendTextBox.Text);                      AddListItems("接收消息："+result+"\n");                      AddListItems("发送消息：" + SendTextBox.Text + "\n");                  }              }          }

发送数据

 private void Send(Socket handler, String data)          {              byte[] byteData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);              handler.BeginSend(byteData, 0, byteData.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(SendCallBack), handler);          }            private void SendCallBack(IAsyncResult asyResult)          {              try              {                  Socket handler = (Socket)asyResult.AsyncState;                  int byteSent = handler.EndSend(asyResult);                  if (byteSent > 0)                  {                      ChangeStatue("发送数据成功！");                  }              }              catch (Exception ex)              {                  MessageBox.Show(ex.Data.ToString());              }          }

StateObject类：

 public class StateObject      {          public Socket Socket;          public StringBuilder StringBuilder = new StringBuilder();          public const int BufferSize = 1024;          public byte[] Buffer = new byte[BufferSize];          public int TotalSize;      }

客户端：

 和服务器端类似，客户端的操作包括：声明Socket，指定服务器地址和端口，连接到指定的服务器端口，发送数据，接收数据。

下面是具体的实现代码：

声明Socket

 

private Socket socket;

 

指定服务器地址和端口，开始连接

  private void SendButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)          {              if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(IPTextBox.Text)||string.IsNullOrEmpty(PortTextBox.Text))              {                  MessageBox.Show ("请输入主机IP地址和端口号！");                  return;              }              //ip地址              string host=IPTextBox.Text.Trim();              //端口号              int port=Convert.ToInt32(PortTextBox.Text.Trim());              //建立终结点对象              DnsEndPoint hostEntry=new DnsEndPoint(host,port);              //创建一个Socket对象              socket=new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp);              //创建Socket异步事件参数              SocketAsyncEventArgs socketEventArg=new SocketAsyncEventArgs ();              //将消息转化为发送的byte[]格式              byte[]buffer=Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(MessageTextBox.Text);              //注册Socket完成事件              socketEventArg.Completed+=new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(socketEventArg_Completed);              //设置Socket异步事件远程终结点              socketEventArg.RemoteEndPoint=hostEntry;              //将定义好的Socket对象赋值给Socket异步事件参数的运行实例属性              socketEventArg.UserToken = buffer;              try              {                  socket.ConnectAsync(socketEventArg);              }              catch(SocketException ex)              {                  throw new SocketException((int)ex.ErrorCode);              }          }

向服务器发送数据，并接受服务器回复的消息。

 private void socketEventArg_Completed(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)          {             //检查是否发送出错              if (e.SocketError != SocketError.Success)              {                  if (e.SocketError == SocketError.ConnectionAborted)                  {                      Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show("连接超时....请重试！"));                  }                  else if (e.SocketError == SocketError.ConnectionRefused)                  {                      Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show("无法连接到服务器端："+e.SocketError));                  }else                  {                      Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show("出错了！"+e.SocketError));                  }                  return;              }             //如果连接上，则发送数据              if (e.LastOperation == SocketAsyncOperation.Connect)              {                      byte[] userbytes = (byte[])e.UserToken;                      e.SetBuffer(userbytes, 0, userbytes.Length);                      socket.SendAsync(e);                                    }//如果已发送数据，则开始接收服务器回复的消息              else if (e.LastOperation == SocketAsyncOperation.Send)              {                  Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>                  {                      listBox1.Items.Add("客户端在" + DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString() + "，发送消息：" + MessageTextBox.Text);                  });                  byte[] userbytes = new byte[1024];                  e.SetBuffer(userbytes, 0, userbytes.Length);                  socket.ReceiveAsync(e);              }//接收服务器数据              else if (e.LastOperation == SocketAsyncOperation.Receive)              {                  string RecevieStr = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(e.Buffer, 0, e.Buffer.Length).Replace("\0", "");                  Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>                  {                      listBox1.Items.Add("服务器在" + DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString() + "，回复消息：" + RecevieStr);                  });                  socket.Close();              }          }

xaml代码：

<UserControl      xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"      xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"      xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"      xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"      xmlns:esri="http://schemas.esri.com/arcgis/client/2009" x:Class="SilverlightSocket.MainPage"      mc:Ignorable="d"      d:DesignHeight="417" d:DesignWidth="530">        <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="White">          <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>              <ColumnDefinition Width="0.868*"/>              <ColumnDefinition Width="0.135*"/>          </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>          <Grid.RowDefinitions>              <RowDefinition/>          </Grid.RowDefinitions>          <esri:Map Background="White" WrapAround="True" Grid.ColumnSpan="2">              <esri:ArcGISTiledMapServiceLayer Url="http://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/World_Street_Map/MapServer"/>          </esri:Map>          <StackPanel Grid.Column="1" Background="#7F094870">              <StackPanel.Effect>                  <DropShadowEffect/>              </StackPanel.Effect>              <TextBlock x:Name="textBlock1" Text="主机IP" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" Foreground="#FFE7D4E3" FontWeight="Bold" />              <TextBox x:Name="IPTextBox" Text="169.254.57.67" Grid.Column="1" d:LayoutOverrides="Width" Margin="5,5,0,0" HorizontalAlignment="Left"/>              <TextBlock x:Name="textBlock2" Text="端口号" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" Foreground="#FFE7D4E3" FontWeight="Bold" />              <TextBox x:Name="PortTextBox" Width="51" Text="4530" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" HorizontalAlignment="Left"/>              <TextBlock  x:Name="textBlock4" Text="消息记录：" Height="23" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" Foreground="#FFE7D4E3" FontWeight="Bold" />              <ListBox  x:Name="listBox1" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" Height="150" />              <TextBlock x:Name="textBlock3" Text="发送信息内容" Height="16" Grid.Column="1" d:LayoutOverrides="Width" Margin="5,5,0,0" Foreground="#FFE7D4E3" FontWeight="Bold" />              <TextBox x:Name="MessageTextBox" Grid.Column="1" Height="50" Margin="5,5,0,0" />              <Button Content="发送" Height="23" x:Name="SendButton" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" />              <Button Content="清空" Height="23" x:Name="ClearButton" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" />          </StackPanel>      </Grid>  </UserControl>

最后效果示意图：

服务器端：

Silverlight客户端：

后续工作中将结合地图来实现模拟实时位置的显示功能。。。。

 

 

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