因为帮人做个网站,不想再用vs,改用java。但做小应用没必要用servlet这些重口味的。因此试试jsp,把过程写下来备忘:
一、JSP语法:
1、import包:<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=gb2312" language="java" import="java.util.*,com.jspsmart.upload.*" errorPage="" %>
2、包含文件:<%@ include file="/conn.jsp" %>
3、常用对象:
- String yid = request.getParameter("yid").toString();//注意getParameter和getAttribute的区别。
- response.sendRedirect("abc.jsp");//注意服务器端跳转和客户端跳转的区别。
- String name = (String)session.getAttribute("name");
二、分页代码:
分页其实比较简单,取数时有两种方法,一个是全部取出来,然后根据页数展示相应数据;另一种是只取特定位置数据,需要数据库支持(此处未用)。代码分成两部分,一部分是数据展示,一部分是翻页展示。
2 <tr>
3 <td height= " 25 "><b><font color= " #FF0000 ">信息列表</font></b></td>
4 </tr>
5 <tr>
6 <td><table width= " 100% " border= " 0 " cellspacing= " 0 " cellpadding= " 0 " bgcolor= " #799AE1 ">
7 <tr>
8 <form action= " newsgl.jsp " method= " post " name= " toGetBWList " id= " Form1 ">
9 <td height= " 30 " align=left> 搜索:
10 <input name= " keyword " type=text value= "" class= " button1 ">
11 <input type= " submit " name= " Submit " value= " 搜 索 " class= " button2 ">
12 </td>
13 <td align=right>
14 <div align= " center ">
15 <input type= " button " name= " add " value= " 新 增 " class= " button2 " οnclick= " javascript:window.open('newsmodify.jsp'); ">
16 <input name=reloadPage type=button value= " 刷 新 " id= " reloadPage " onClick= " javascript:window.location.reload(); " class= " button2 ">
17 </div></td>
18 </form>
19 </tr>
20 </table>
21 <br>
22 <table width= " 100% " border= " 1 " cellspacing= " 0 " cellpadding= " 0 " bordercolordark= " #FFFFFF " bordercolorlight= " #CCCCCC ">
23 <tr bgcolor= " #799AE1 ">
24 <td width= " 6% "><div align= ' center '><font color= " #FFFFFF ">选定</font></div></td>
25 <td height= " 20 " bgcolor= " #799AE1 "><div align= " center "><font color= " #FFFFFF ">标题</font></div></td>
26 <td width= " 22% " height= " 20 "><div align= " center "><font color= " #FFFFFF ">作者</font></div></td>
27
28 <td width= " 7% "><div align= " center "><font color= " #FFFFFF ">修改</font></div></td>
29 </tr>
30 <form name= " delnews " action= " newsgl.jsp " method=post>
31 <input name= " action " type= " hidden " value= "" id= " action ">
32 <%
33 int intPageSize; // 一页显示的记录数
34 int intRowCount= 0; // 记录总数
35 int intPageCount= 1; // 总页数
36 int intPage; // 待显示页码
37 String strPage;
38 int i;
39 // 设置一页显示的记录数
40 intPageSize = 20;
41 // 取得待显示页码
42 strPage = request.getParameter( " page ");
43 if(strPage== null){ // 表明在QueryString中没有page这一个参数,此时显示第一页数据
44 intPage = 1;
45 }
46 else{ // 将字符串转换成整型
47 intPage = java.lang.Integer.parseInt(strPage);
48 if(intPage< 1) intPage = 1;
49 }
50 String keyword=request.getParameter( " keyword ");
51 if(keyword== null)keyword= " * ";
52 else if(keyword.equals( ""))keyword= " * ";
53 else keyword = " * "+keyword+ " * ";
54 String action = request.getParameter( " action ");
55 if((action!= null)&&(action.equals( " del "))){ // delete items
56 try{
57 Connection con1=DriverManager.getConnection(dburl) ;
58 for( int j= 0;j<request.getParameterValues( " NewsID ").length;j++){
59 PreparedStatement stmt1 = con1.prepareStatement( " delete from news where nid=? ");
60 stmt1.setInt( 1,Integer.parseInt(request.getParameterValues( " NewsID ")[j]));
61 stmt1.executeUpdate();
62 stmt1.close();
63 }
64 con1.close();
65 } catch(Exception ex){
66 ex.printStackTrace();
67 }
68 }
69 try{
70 String title= "";
71 String author= "";
72 String content = "";
73 int nid = 0;
74 Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(dburl) ;
75 PreparedStatement stmt = con.prepareStatement( " select * from news ",java.sql.ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE,java.sql.ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
76 ResultSet rst=stmt.executeQuery();
77
78 // 获取记录总数
79 rst.last(); // ??光标在最后一行
80 intRowCount = rst.getRow(); // 获得当前行号
81 // 记算总页数
82 intPageCount = (intRowCount+intPageSize- 1) / intPageSize;
83 // 调整待显示的页码
84 if(intPage>intPageCount) intPage = intPageCount;
85
86 if(intPageCount> 0){
87 // 将记录指针定位到待显示页的第一条记录上
88 rst.absolute((intPage- 1) * intPageSize + 1);
89
90 int c = 0;
91 while(c<intPageSize && !rst.isAfterLast())
92 {
93 c++;
94 title=rst.getString( " title ");
95 author=rst.getString( " author ");
96 content=rst.getString( " content ");
97 nid=rst.getInt( " nid ");
98 %>
99 <tr>
100 <td width= " 6% "><div align= " center "><input type= " checkbox " name= " NewsID " value= " <%=nid%> "></div></td>
101 <td height= " 43% " align= " center " style= " word-break:break-all; "><a href= ' newsmodify.jsp?nid=<%=nid %> ' class= ' tt4 ' target= ' _blank '><%=title %></a></td>
102 <td width= " 43% " height= " 22 "><div align= " center "><a href= ' newsmodify.jsp?nid=<%=nid %> ' class= ' tt4 ' target= ' _blank '><%=author %></a></div></td>
103 <td width= " 8% "><div align= ' center '><a href= " newsmodify.jsp?nid=<%=nid %> " class= " tt2 ">修改</a></div></td>
104 </tr>
105 <%
106 rst.next();
107 }
108 }
109 rst.close();
110 stmt.close();
111 con.close();
112 } catch(Exception ex){
113 ex.printStackTrace();
114 }
115 %>
116 </form>
117 </table>
118 <table width= " 100% " border= " 0 " cellpadding= " 0 " cellspacing= " 0 ">
119 <form name= " pageform " method= " post " action= " newsgl.jsp ">
120 <tr>
121 <td width= " 6% " height= " 25 ">
122 <div align= " center ">
123 <input type= ' checkbox ' name= ' selectCheck ' id=selectCheck2 οnclick= " javascript:SelectCheckBox(); ">
124 </div></td>
125 <td width= " 33% ">全部选中
126 <input name= " delbtn " value= " 删除 " type= " button " class= " button2 " οnclick= " javascript:cdel(); ">
127
128 </td>
129 <td>
130 <div align= " right ">
131 共<%=intRowCount %>条信息 当前为:<font color= " #FF0000 "><%=intPage %></font>/<%=intPageCount %>页
132 <% if(intPage> 1){%><a href= " newsgl.jsp?page=<%=intPage-1%>&keyword=<%=keyword%> ">上一页</a><%}%>
133 <% if(intPage<intPageCount){%><a href= " newsgl.jsp?page=<%=intPage+1%> ">下一页</a><%}%>
134 跳到第 <input type=text size= 3 name= " page " value= "" class= " button1 "> 页
135 <input type= " hidden " name= " keyword " value= " <%=keyword%> ">
136 <input name= " imageField " type= " image " src= " go.gif " border= " 0 " align= " absmiddle ">
137 </div></td>
138 </tr>
139 </form>
140 </table></td>
141 </tr>
142 </table>
其中33-98行是分页数据产生代码;99-115行是循环展示的HTML代码;129-137行是翻页代码。
三、访问数据库:
windows下访问access数据库有2个方法:jdbc-odbc方式和jdbc方式。windows下的jdbc-odbc方式很简单,直接用getConnection即可(至少在我的机器上无需调用Class.forName("xxdriver").newInstance()),linux下应该是没有jdbc-odbc方式吧。jdbc方式需要Access_JDBC30.jar。
1、access的jdbc-odbc方式:
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(dburl) ;
PreparedStatement stmt = con.prepareStatement( " select * from magazines where qkll=? and journals=? ");
stmt.setInt( 1,yid);
stmt.setInt( 2,jid);
ResultSet rst=stmt.executeQuery();
int c = 0;
while(rst.next()){
// do something
}
rst.close();
stmt.close();
con.close();
2、常用的jdbc方式,使用DriverManager.getConnection()获取连接:
try{
Class.forName( " com.hxtt.sql.access.AccessDriver ").newInstance();
} catch(Exception ex){
out.println( " [错误] 加载数据库驱动出错 ");
}
String dburl= " jdbc:Access:///c:/test.mdb ";
// SQL Server数据库 jtds驱动
try{
Class.forName( " net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver ").newInstance();
} catch(Exception ex){
out.println( " [错误] 加载数据库驱动出错 ");
}
String dburl = " jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:7788/test;user=dbuser;password=dbpassword ";
// SQL Server数据库 Microsoft jdbc驱动
try{
Class.forName( " com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver ").newInstance();
} catch(Exception ex){
out.println( " [错误] 加载数据库驱动出错 ");
}
String dburl = " jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:7788; DatabaseName=test;user=dbuser;password=dbpassword ";
try{
Class.forName( " oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver ").newInstance();
} catch(Exception ex){
out.println( " [错误] 加载数据库驱动出错 ");
}
String dburl = " jdbc:oracle:thin:@host:1521:testdb ";
// jdbc-odbc桥模式访问Access
// String dburl="jdbc:odbc:driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)};DBQ=c:/test.mdb";
四、OLE数据读写:
OLE数据的读写很简单:
inf = new FileInputStream(uploadpath+ " / "+file.getFileName());
int length = inf.available();
stmt = con.prepareStatement( " update magazines set title=?,abstracts=?,author=?,year=?,journals=?,filename=?,filetype=?,topic=? where mid=? ");
stmt.setBinaryStream( 8,inf,length);
int rst=stmt.executeUpdate();
inf.close();
读取就用getBinaryStream方法。详情可参考http://blog.csdn.net/kevinliuu/article/details/836202。
五、上传下载文件:
上传文件方法很多,大多用到组件。这里用的是jspsmart,功能很简单,但是够用了。可参考http://wenku.baidu.com/view/5781fad7b9f3f90f76c61b86.html和http://developer.51cto.com/art/200907/134497.htm。
上传文件代码:
2 su.initialize(pageContext); // 必须先初始化
3 // 设定允许上传的文件(通过扩展名限制),仅允许doc,txt文件。
4 su.setAllowedFilesList( " doc,txt,pdf ");
5 // jsp,htm,html扩展名的文件和没有扩展名的文件。
6 su.setDeniedFilesList( " exe,bat,jsp,htm,html ");
7 // 上传文件
8 su.upload();
9 // 将上传文件全部保存到指定目录
10 int count = su.save(uploadpath); // ,SmartUpload.SAVE_VIRTUAL);
11 com.jspsmart.upload.Request mrequest = su.getRequest();
12 // 利用Request对象获取参数之值
13 String act = mrequest.getParameter( " act ")== null? "":mrequest.getParameter( " act ");
14 String title = mrequest.getParameter( " d_title ")== null? "":mrequest.getParameter( " d_title ");
15 String abstracts = mrequest.getParameter( " d_abstracts ")== null? "":mrequest.getParameter( " d_abstracts ");
16 String author = mrequest.getParameter( " d_author ")== null? "":mrequest.getParameter( " d_author ");
17 int year = 2012;
18 try{
19 year = Integer.parseInt(mrequest.getParameter( " d_year "));
20 } catch(Exception ex){
21 year = 2012;
22 }
23 int journals = 1;
24 try{
25 journals = Integer.parseInt(mrequest.getParameter( " d_journals "));
26 } catch(Exception ex){
27 journals = 1;
28 }
29 int mid = 1;
30 try{
31 mid = Integer.parseInt(mrequest.getParameter( " mid "));
32 } catch(Exception ex){
33 mid = 0;
34 }
35
36 // 逐一提取上传文件信息,同时可保存文件。
37 if(su.getFiles().getCount() > 0)
38 {
39 com.jspsmart.upload.File file = su.getFiles().getFile( 0);
40 try{
41 Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(dburl) ;
42 PreparedStatement stmt;
43 int rst = 0;
44 FileInputStream inf = null;
45 inf = new FileInputStream(uploadpath+ " / "+file.getFileName());
46 int length = inf.available();
47 if(mid> 0){ // update old news
48 stmt = con.prepareStatement( " update magazines set title=?,abstracts=?,author=?,year=?,journals=?,filename=?,filetype=?,topic=? where mid=? ");
49 stmt.setString( 1,title);
50 stmt.setString( 2,abstracts);
51 stmt.setString( 3,author);
52 stmt.setInt( 4,year);
53 stmt.setInt( 5,journals);
54 stmt.setString( 6,file.getFileName());
55 stmt.setString( 7,file.getFileExt());
56 stmt.setBinaryStream( 8,inf,length);
57 stmt.setInt( 9,mid);
58 // out.println("<script>alert('do update')</script>");
59 } else{ // add new news
60 stmt = con.prepareStatement( " insert into magazines(title,abstracts,author,year,journals,filename,filetype,topic) values(?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?) ");
61 stmt.setString( 1,title);
62 stmt.setString( 2,abstracts);
63 stmt.setString( 3,author);
64 stmt.setInt( 4,year);
65 stmt.setInt( 5,journals);
66 stmt.setString( 6,file.getFileName());
67 stmt.setString( 7,file.getFileExt());
68 stmt.setBinaryStream( 8,inf,length);
69 // out.println("<script>alert('do insert')</script>");
70 }
71 rst=stmt.executeUpdate();
72 inf.close();
73 java.io.File myDelFile= new java.io.File(uploadpath+ " / "+file.getFileName());
74 if(myDelFile.exists())
75 {
76 myDelFile.delete();
77 }
78
79 if(rst> 0){
80 out.println( " <script>alert(\"修改成功\");</script> ");
81 } else{
82 out.println( " <script>alert(\"修改失败\");</script> ");
83 }
84 stmt.close();
85 con.close();
86 // response.sendRedirect("qkgl.jsp");
87 } catch(Exception ex){
88 ex.printStackTrace();
89 }
90 }
下载文件代码:
2 String title= "";
3 try{
4 mid = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter( " mid "));
5 } catch(Exception ex){
6 mid = 0;
7 }
8 if(mid== 0){
9 out.println( " <script>alert('无此文档');</script> ");
10 } else{
11 try{
12 Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(dburl) ;
13 PreparedStatement stmt = con.prepareStatement( " select * from magazines where mid=? ");
14 stmt.setInt( 1,mid);
15 ResultSet rst = stmt.executeQuery();
16 if(rst.next()){
17 String fn = rst.getString( " filename ");
18 if(fn== null){
19 out.println( " </script>alert('无此文件');</script> ");
20 } else{
21 String filename = URLEncoder.encode(fn, " UTF-8 ");
22 // response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + filename);
23 java.io.File temp = java.io.File.createTempFile( " temp ", " . "+rst.getString( " filetype "));
24 InputStream infile = rst.getBinaryStream( " topic ");
25 FileOutputStream file = null;
26 file = new FileOutputStream (temp);
27 int chunk;
28 while ((chunk = infile.read()) != - 1)
29 file.write(chunk);
30 file.close();
31 infile.close();
32
33 SmartUpload su = new SmartUpload();
34 // 初始化
35 su.initialize(pageContext);
36 // 设定contentDisposition为null以禁止浏览器自动打开文件,
37 // 保证点击链接后是下载文件。若不设定,则下载的文件扩展名为
38 // doc时,浏览器将自动用word打开它。扩展名为pdf时,
39 // 浏览器将用acrobat打开。
40 su.setContentDisposition( null);
41 // 下载文件
42 su.downloadFile(temp.getAbsolutePath());
43 out.clear();
44 out = pageContext.pushBody();
45 // out.println(temp.getAbsolutePath());
46 // out.println(fn);
47 temp.delete();
48 }
49 }
50 } catch(Exception ex){
51 ex.printStackTrace();
52 }
53 }
六、热部署(与此jsp无关):
Tomcat6的部署很简单,把war包复制到webapps下面,tomcat能自动部署(生成一个同名的目录),不过要记得删掉那个war包,否则可能会被下载。另外,如果直接修改目录下的jsp文件也能生效,class文件未测试。
此外,通过修改配置文件也能进行部署,有很多文章介绍,可参见http://www.chysoft.net/files/article_305.htm,另外,有篇写得我看不懂的也附上,http://space.itpub.net/?uid-23071790-action-viewspace-itemid-702545。
对于已经部署的应用,如需修改部署名,可以修改web.xml文件的<display-name>appname</display-name>
七、配置oracle的jndi数据源(与此jsp无关):
主要是修改配置文件:server.xml
<Resource
name= " jdbc/test "
type= " javax.sql.DataSource "
maxActive= " 200 "
maxIdle= " 10 "
username= " username "
maxWait= " 5000 "
driverClassName= " oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver "
password= " password "
url= " jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:test "/>
</GlobalNamingResources>
另外还要配置content.xml:
在程序中的访问方法:
2 {
3 if((jndiname== null)||(jndiname.equals( "")))
4 jndiname= " java:comp/env/jdbc/test ";
5 Connection Conn= null;
6 if(Conn== null)
7 {
8 try{
9 Context ctx = new InitialContext();
10 if (ctx== null){
11 return null;
12 }
13 DataSource ds = (DataSource) ctx.lookup(jndiname);
14 if (ds != null) {
15 Conn = ds.getConnection();
16 }
17 }
18 catch(Exception ex)
19 {
20 Conn = null;
21 System. out.println( new java.util.Date().toLocaleString()+ " [错误] 无法新建数据库连接,jndi: "+jndiname+ " - "+ex.getMessage());
22 return Conn;
23 }
24 }
25 return Conn;
26 }