linux mysql url_Linux下mysql注意事项

最新推荐文章于 2022-03-22 09:49:09 发布

Retsuki Uchu

最新推荐文章于 2022-03-22 09:49:09 发布

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文章标签： linux mysql url

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_33791941/article/details/113397141

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一、忘记原来的mysql的root密码；

1、停止mysql服务

/etc/init.d/mysqld stop

2、进入安全模式

mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &&

3、进入mysql

mysql

4、使用mysql

use mysql;

5、更新密码

UPDATE user SET password=password("test123") WHERE user='root';

6、刷新

flush privileges;

7、退出

exit;

8、启动服务

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

二、拥有原来的mysql的root的密码；

1、mysql -uroot -p

2、use mysql;

3、update user set password=passworD("test") where user='root';

4、flush privileges;

5、exit;

安装mysql(该方式尝试失败，不止安装client和service应该还要安装common和libs)

由于centos系统是Redhat系列的使用rpm命令安装

http://www.cnblogs.com/chongyou/p/7441636.html

最后找到一种安装的方式：

http://blog.csdn.net/holmofy/article/details/69364800

今天突然心血来潮，想把博客转移到到自己的云服务器上，嗯，想法不错，正好能练练手(后来找到了别的解决方案Hexo，才发现自己有多幼稚，果然是脑子一热，啥事想得出来，但是在这个过程中也学到了一些东西)。CentOS上安装MySQL数据库，linux配mysql，哎哟，不错哦。(→_→在找到别的解决方案后，马上就被我给卸了)。

二话不说上yum安装大法

[root@VM_235_40_centos ~]# yum install mysql

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.52-1.el7 for package: 1: mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.35-3.el7 will be updated

---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be an update

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================

Installing:

mariadb x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 os 8.7 M

Updating for dependencies:

mariadb-libs x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 os 761 k

Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Install 1 Package

Upgrade ( 1 Dependent package)

Total download size: 9.5 M

Is this ok [y/d/N]: y

Downloading packages:

Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.

(1/2): mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 761 kB 00:00

(2/2): mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 8.7 MB 00:00

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 16 MB/s | 9.5 MB 00:00

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Updating : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 1/3

Installing : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 2/3

Cleanup : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.35-3.el7.x86_64 3/3

Verifying : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 1/3

Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 2/3

Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.35-3.el7.x86_64 3/3

Installed:

mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7

Dependency Updated:

mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7

Complete!

不知道是不是当时太兴奋，也没看安装提示直接就填了yes，等安装完傻眼了，MariaDB是什么鬼。孤陋寡闻的我，赶忙去问度娘，原来是mysql的一个分支。

我想要个“正房”，你却给我安了个“小三”；想养个海豚，你TM给我个海豹。

卧槽，我说这好歹也是IT三巨头之一啊，yum库竟然连个mysql都没有。

果断把“小三”给删了

[root@VM_235_40_centos ~]# yum erase mysql

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be erased

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================

Removing:

mariadb x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 @os 48 M

Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Remove 1 Package

Installed size: 48 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading packages:

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Erasing : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 1/1

Verifying : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 1/1

Removed:

mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7

Complete!

唉，自己动手丰衣足食，上官网逛逛去。

国外的东西就是好，东西给你了，连教程都准备好了，可惜了我这连四级都没过的英语水平啊，没办法硬着头皮也要看哪。

看看官网给出的具体步骤：

1. 添加mysql yum 库

b. 找一个跟自己平台匹配的发行包，用uname命令看看自己的平台版本

c. 用wget命令把相应的rpm包下下来，这个包很小只有几k

[root@VM_235_40_centos ~]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-9.ch.rpm

--2017-04-05 16:32:26-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm

Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.50.25.213

Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.50.25.213|:443... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 9224 (9.0K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]

Saving to: 'mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm'

100%[============================================================>] 9,224 --.-K/s in 0s

2017-04-05 16:32:28 (75.1 MB/s) - 'mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm' saved [9224/9224]

d. 把这个包安装上

[root@VM_235_40_centos ~]# rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm

warning: mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5KEY

Preparing... ################################# [100%]

Updating / installing...

1:mysql57-community-release-el7-9 ################################# [100%]

[root@VM_235_40_centos ~]cd /etc/yum.repos.d

#安装完成后会发现/etc/yum.repos.d会多了两个mysql的repo文件

[root@VM_235_40_centos yum.repos.d]# ls

CentOS-Base.repo mysql-community-source.repo

CentOS-Epel.repo mysql-community.repo

2. 看看文件里有啥东西

[root@VM_235_40_centos yum.repos.d]# more mysql-community.repo

[mysql-connectors-community]

name=MySQL Connectors Community

baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]

name=MySQL Tools Community

baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.5

[mysql55-community]

name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server

baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/7/$basearch/

enabled=0

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.6

[mysql56-community]

name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server

baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/$basearch/

enabled=0

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql57-community]

name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server

baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql80-community]

name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server

baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/$basearch/

enabled=0

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-preview]

name=MySQL Tools Preview

baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-preview/el/7/$basearch/

enabled=0

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

按照官网的说法，在这个文件中你可以配置你想要安装的mysql版本，如果需要安装这个版本就设置enabled=1,不需要的版本就把它设置为0。这里我安装5.7的版本

3. 完事具备，接下来就可以来安装mysql了

[root@VM_235_40_centos yum.repos.d]# yum install mysql-community-server

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.17-1.el6 for package: mysql-communserver-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64

......

---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el6 will be obsoleting

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Error: Package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 (@anaconda)

Requires: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)

Removing: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 (@os)

libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)

Obsoleted By: mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64 (mysql57-community)

~libmysqlclient.so.20()(64bit)

Error: Package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 (@anaconda)

Requires: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)

Removing: 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 (@os)

libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)

Obsoleted By: mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64 (mysql57-community)

Not found

You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem

You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

纳尼，竟然安装出错，出什么鬼了。原来是mariadb没有删除干净，我的天，自己挖坑自己跳。

[root@VM_235_40_centos yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb

mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

[root@VM_235_40_centos yum.repos.d]# rpm -ev mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

Preparing packages...

mariadb-libs-1:5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

再来一遍

[root@VM_235_40_centos yum.repos.d]# yum install mysql-community-server

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el6 will be installed

......

---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el6 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

==================================================================================================

Installing:

mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.17-1.el6 mysql57-community 151 M

Installing for dependencies:

mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.17-1.el6 mysql57-community 23 M

mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.17-1.el6 mysql57-community 328 k

mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.17-1.el6 mysql57-community 2.1 M

numactl-libs x86_64 2.0.9-6.el7_2 os 29 k

Transaction Summary

==================================================================================================

Install 1 Package (+4 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 177 M

Installed size: 879 M

Is this ok [y/d/N]: y

Downloading packages:

mysql-community-common-5.7.17- FAILED

http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found

Trying other mirror.

mysql-community-client-5.7.17- FAILED

http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found

Trying other mirror.

......

Error downloading packages:

mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.

mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.

mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.

mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.

尼玛，又出错了，Linux上装软件就是蛋疼，404错误请求失败，这又是什么鬼，我前前后后有把安装过程捋了一遍，还是出错，不行，默默地问度娘去。

这里有篇博客，里面说是yum缓存的问题，好吧清楚缓存。

[root@VM_235_40_centos yum.repos.d]# cd /var/cache

[root@VM_235_40_centos cache]# ls

httpd ldconfig man yum

[root@VM_235_40_centos cache]# cd yum

[root@VM_235_40_centos yum]# ls

x86_64

[root@VM_235_40_centos yum]# rm -drf x86_64

[root@VM_235_40_centos yum]# ls

重新再来

[root@VM_235_40_centos yum]# yum install mysql-community-server

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks

epel | 4.3 kB 00:00:00

extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00

mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00

mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00

mysql57-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00

os | 3.6 kB 00:00:00

updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00

(1/10): epel/7/x86_64/group_gz | 170 kB 00:00:00

(2/10): epel/7/x86_64/updateinfo | 762 kB 00:00:00

(3/10): epel/7/x86_64/primary_db | 4.6 MB 00:00:00

(4/10): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 139 kB 00:00:00

(5/10): os/7/x86_64/group_gz | 155 kB 00:00:00

(6/10): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 3.8 MB 00:00:00

(7/10): os/7/x86_64/primary_db | 5.6 MB 00:00:00

(8/10): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 13 kB 00:00:00

(9/10): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 32 kB 00:00:00

(10/10): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db | 96 kB 00:00:01

Determining fastest mirrors

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7 will be installed

......

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

==================================================================================================

Installing:

mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.17-1.el7 mysql57-community 162 M

Installing for dependencies:

mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.17-1.el7 mysql57-community 24 M

mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.17-1.el7 mysql57-community 271 k

mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.17-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.1 M

numactl-libs x86_64 2.0.9-6.el7_2 os 29 k

Transaction Summary

==================================================================================================

Install 1 Package (+4 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 188 M

Installed size: 847 M

Is this ok [y/d/N]: y

Downloading packages:

warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

Public key for mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed

(1/5): mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 271 kB 00:00:03

(2/5): mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.1 MB 00:00:52

(3/5): numactl-libs-2.0.9-6.el7_2.x86_64.rpm | 29 kB 00:00:00

(4/5): mysql-community-client-5.7. 6% [=- ] 101 kB/s | 12 MB 00:29:51 ETA

没问题了，只是我这服务器带宽不行，默默地等吧。

Installed:

mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7

Dependency Installed:

mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7

mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7

mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7

numactl-libs.x86_64 0:2.0.9-6.el7_2

Complete!

此处应有掌声

4. 最后一步了，启动服务

官网的安装指南使用service mysqld start，CentOS7改用systemctl命令启动服务了，使用service命令会默认转向调用systemctl命令的。

附加步骤，修改MySQL密码，修改MySQL默认端口

MySQL5.7之前的版本如果按照这种方式安装后，默认是没有密码的。对于MySQL5.7 有点特殊，下面是官网描述MySQL5.7的安装过程：

- 服务初始化

- 在data文件夹生成SSL证书和密钥

- 安装validate_password 插件并生效

- 创建数据库超级管理员’root@localhost’，并为他生成密码

也就是说MySQL5.7后生成了为root超级管理员生成了一个密码，这个密码在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中

shell> sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

上面红圈部分就是生成的随即密码，然后进入mysql修改密码，当然修改密码的方式有很多种，这个可以自行百度。

修改端口

mysql的配置文件在/etc/my.cnf

修改端口只需要添加一行port=[修改的端口号]，记得重启服务

搞了两节课终于TM折腾完了

命令总结

yum： Yellow dog Updater, Modified，解决rpm包依赖的软件安装工具，可以在/etc/yum.config文件中进行yum的配置，yum数据源默认放在/etc/yum.repos.d/文件夹下。可以认为是rpm的加强版。

rpm： RedHat Package Manager，软件安装包的管理器，可以用来安装或删除软件。

wget： World Wide Web Get，wget是一个从网络上自动下载文件的自由工具，支持HTTP、HTTPS、FTP常见协议。

uname： Unix Name，显示主机操作系统名称。

Retsuki Uchu

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linux mysql url_Linux下mysql注意事项

一、忘记原来的mysql的root密码；1、停止mysql服务/etc/init.d/mysqld stop2、进入安全模式mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &&3、进入mysqlmysql4、使用mysqluse mysql;5、更新密码UPDATEuserSETpassword=password("test123") WHEREuser='...
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