OC继承（写一个图形类，实现三角形，矩形和三角形求面积和周长）

2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>>

FJShape.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

//继承 is-a 关系

//记住：没有is-a关系的两个类一定不能写成继承

/**平面上的几何图形*/

@interface FJShape : NSObject

/**横坐标*/

@property (nonatomic,assign) int x;

@property (nonatomic,assign) int y;

/**颜色*/

@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *color;

/**线条粗细*/

@property (nonatomic,assign) int lineWidth;

/**初始化方法*/

-(instancetype) initWithX :(int) x y:(int) y;

- (void) draw;

- (double) perimeter;

- (double) area;

@end

---

FJShape.m

#import "FJShape.h"

@implementation FJShape

- (instancetype)initWithX:(int)x y:(int)y{

    

    

  //  @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"" reason:@"unknown " userInfo:nil];

    if(self = [super init]){

        _x = x;

        _y = y;

    }

    return self;

}

- (void)draw{

}

- (double)perimeter{

    

    return 0;

}

- (double)area{

    return  0;

}

@end

---

FJCircle.h

#import "FJShape.h"

@interface FJCircle : FJShape

@property (nonatomic,assign) double radius;//圆与其他图形的区别在于他有半径

//所以要在这里单独写一个属性radius半径

+ (instancetype) circleWithX:(int) x y:(int) y;

@end

---

FJCircle.m

#import "FJCircle.h"

@implementation FJCircle

+ (instancetype) circleWithX:(int)x y:(int)y{

    return [[self alloc] initWithX:x y:y];

}

- (void)draw{

    NSLog(@"○");

}

- (double)perimeter{

    

    return 2*M_PI*_radius;

    

}

- (double)area{

    return M_PI*_radius*_radius;

}

@end

---

FJRectangle.h

#import "FJShape.h"

@interface FJRectangle : FJShape

@property (nonatomic,assign) double width;

@property (nonatomic,assign) double height;

//矩形特有的长宽

+ (instancetype) rectangleWithX:(int) x y:(int) y;

@end

---

FJRectangle.m

#import "FJRectangle.h"

@implementation FJRectangle

+ (instancetype) rectangleWithX:(int)x y:(int)y{

    return [[self alloc]initWithX:x y:y];

}

- (void)draw{

    NSLog(@"☐");

}

- (double)perimeter{

    return (_height +_width)*2;

}

- (double)area{

    return _height *_width;

}

@end

---

FJTriangle.h

#import "FJShape.h"

@interface FJTritangle : FJShape

//三角形的三条边

@property (nonatomic,assign) double a;

@property (nonatomic,assign) double b;

@property (nonatomic,assign) double c;

+ (instancetype) triangelWithX:(int) x

                             y:(int) y;

//判断三条边是否可以构成一个合格的三角形

+ (BOOL) isValidWithEdgeA:(double) a edgeB:(double) b edgeC:(double) c;

@end

---

FJTriangle.m

#import "FJTritangle.h"

@implementation FJTritangle

+ (instancetype)triangelWithX:(int)x y:(int)y{

    return [[self alloc] initWithX:x y:y];

}

//实现多态的第一步:

//重写override 父类有得方法子类重新给出自己的实现版本

- (void) draw{

    NSLog(@"▷");

}

- (double)perimeter{

    return  _a + _b + _c;

}

- (double)area{

    double p = (_a+_b+_c)/2;

    return sqrt(p*(p-_a)*(p-_b)*(p-_c));

}

//该方法与对象无关。在创建对象之前就要调用的方法

//所以在设计上将其设计为类方法而不是对象方法

+ (BOOL)isValidWithEdgeA:(double)a edgeB:(double)b edgeC:(double)c{

    {

        return a+b>c && a+c>b &&b+c>a;

    }

}

@end

---

main.m

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#import "FJCircle.h"

#import "FJRectangle.h"

#import "FJTritangle.h"

//instance实例是对象object的别称

//encapsulation封装 inheritance继承 polymorphism：多态 OOP面向对象编程

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {

    @autoreleasepool {

        FJCircle *circle = [FJCircle circleWithX:5 y:10];

        circle.radius = 10.2;

        circle.color = @"red";

        circle.lineWidth = 5;

        FJRectangle *rectangle = [FJRectangle rectangleWithX:20 y:15];

        rectangle.height = 50;

        rectangle.width = 20;

        rectangle.color = @"black";

        rectangle.lineWidth = 2;

        FJCircle *circle2 = [FJCircle circleWithX:2 y:8];

        circle2.radius = 5.7;

        circle2.color = @"purple";

        circle2.lineWidth = 7;

      

       

        

        FJTritangle *triangle = nil;

        if ([FJTritangle isValidWithEdgeA:3 edgeB:4 edgeC:5]) {

            

            triangle = [FJTritangle triangelWithX:1 y:1];

            triangle.a=3;

            triangle.b=4;

            triangle.c=5;

            

        }

        

        

        NSArray *shapesArray =  @[circle,circle2,rectangle,triangle];

        

        

        //实现多态的第二步：对象造型

        //用父类型指针指向子类对象：将能力多的对象当成能力少的对象使用没有问题

        for (FJShape *shape in shapesArray) {

            

            [shape draw];//同一个指针指向不同的子类对象，虽然调用的方法是一样的，

            //但是结果不一样，因为子类对方法进行了不同的实现

            //运行时才知道画圆还是画矩形，这就是运行时绑定（后绑定）

            //也就是不看指针看对象（指针不能决定方法到底干什么）

            NSLog(@"周长:%f\n",[shape perimeter]);//面向对象的精髓：多态

            NSLog(@"面积:%f\n",[shape area]);//多态：不同的子类给出了不同的实现版本

            

            NSLog(@"--------------");

        }

        

    }

    return 0;

}

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/luhoney/blog/645619