图像二值化（直方图法，C语言实现）

2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>>

1.首先构造像素的频率直方图

2. 寻找直方图中的两个最大的波峰

3. 寻找这两个波峰之间的最小的波谷

4.波谷的index（像素值）为 K 值（阈值）

#include "JpegDecoder.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
#include <math.h>

using namespace JpegCodec;

static cv::Mat ConvertToMat(Matrix &mat)
{
	int channel = CV_8UC3;
	if (mat.channal == 1) channel = CV_8UC1;

	cv::Mat img(mat.rows, mat.cols, channel);  // create a new matrix

	for (int i = 0; i < mat.rows * mat.cols * mat.channal; i++)
	{
		img.data[i] = mat.data[i];
	}

	return img;
}


typedef struct
{
	int index;
	int freq; // frequence
}Point;

void Binary(Matrix &mat)
{
	Point peaks[256]; // 波峰
	int histogram[256];     //直方图

	// 构造直方图
	for (int i = 0; i < 255; i++) histogram[i] = 0;
	int cnt = mat.rows * mat.cols * mat.channal;
	for (int i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
	{
		histogram[mat.data[i]] ++;
	}

	// 统计波峰
	int size = 0;
	for (int i = 1; i < 254; i++)
	{
		if (histogram[i] > histogram[i + 1] && histogram[i] < histogram[i - 1])
		{
			peaks[size].index = i;
			peaks[size].freq = histogram[i];
			size++;
		}
	}

	// 寻找最大的两个波峰
	Point max = peaks[0], snd = peaks[0];
	for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
	{
		if (peaks[i].freq > max.freq)
		{
			snd = max;
			max = peaks[i];
		}
		else if (peaks[i].freq > snd.freq)
		{
			snd = peaks[i];
		}
	}

	// 寻找波谷
	int i = (max.index > snd.index ? snd.index : max.index);
	size = (max.index > snd.index ? max.index : snd.index);
	Point K = max;
	for (; i < size; i++)
	{
		if (histogram[i] < K.freq)
		{
			K.freq = histogram[i];
			K.index = i;
		}
	}

	//二值化
	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
	{
		if (mat.data[i] < K.index) mat.data[i] = 0;
		else mat.data[i] = 255;
	}
}

void ShowImage(Matrix &mat)
{
	cv::Mat img = ConvertToMat(mat);
	cv::imshow("Bitmap", img);
}


void Gray(Matrix &dst, Matrix &src)
{
	dst.Create(src.rows, src.cols, 1);

	for (int i = 0; i < src.rows; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < src.cols; j++)
		{
			int idx = (i * src.rows + j) * 3;
			dst.data[idx / 3] = (src.data[idx] + src.data[idx + 1] + src.data[idx + 2]) / 3;
		}
	}
}


int main(int argc, char *arrv[])
{
	JpegDecoder decoder("01.jpg");
	Matrix mat, dst;
	decoder.Decoder(mat);

	Gray(dst, mat);
	Binary(dst);
	ShowImage(dst);

	cvWaitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

JpegCodec : https://github.com/lzb-cc/JpegCodecs

运行示例

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/tigerBin/blog/1486966