linux 安装keepalived,Keepalived的安装与配置

1. Keepalived的安装

1.1. yum install方式

yum install -y keepalived

1.2. 安装包编译方式

wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-2.0.7.tar.gz

tar zxvf keepalived-2.0.7.tar.gz

cd keepalived-2.0.7

./configure --bindir=/usr/bin --sbindir=/usr/sbin --sysconfdir=/etc --mandir=/usr/share

make && make install

2. 常用配置

keepalived配置文件路径：/etc/keepalived/keepalived。

2.1. MASTER(主机配置)

global_defs {

router_id proxy-keepalived

}

vrrp_script check_nginx {

script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/check_nginx.sh"

interval 3

weight 2

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface eth2

virtual_router_id 15

priority 100

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass xxx

}

track_script {

check_nginx

}

virtual_ipaddress {

180.101.115.139

218.98.38.29

}

nopreempt

notify_master "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_notify.sh master"

notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_notify.sh backup"

notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_notify.sh fault"

notify_stop "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_notify.sh stop"

}

2.2. BACKUP(备机配置)

global_defs {

router_id proxy-keepalived

}

vrrp_script check_nginx {

script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/check_nginx.sh"

interval 3

weight 2

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface eth2

virtual_router_id 15

priority 99

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass xxx

}

track_script {

check_nginx

}

virtual_ipaddress {

180.101.115.139

218.98.38.29

}

nopreempt

notify_master "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_notify.sh master"

notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_notify.sh backup"

notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_notify.sh fault"

notify_stop "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_notify.sh stop"

}

3. 注意事项

1、指定Nginx健康检测脚本：/etc/keepalived/scripts/check_nginx.sh

2、主备配置差别主要为(建议这么配置)：

以下两种方式的配置，当其中一台机器keepalived挂掉后会自动VIP切到另一台机器，当挂掉机器keepalived恢复后不会抢占VIP，该方式可以避免机器恢复再次切VIP所带来的影响。

主机:(state BACKUP;priority 100)

备机：(state BACKUP;priority 99)

非抢占：nopreempt

或者：

主机:(state MASTER;priority 100)

备机：(state BACKUP;priority 100)

默认抢占

3、指定VIP

virtual_ipaddress {

180.101.115.139

218.98.38.29

}

4、可以指定为非抢占：nopreempt，即priority高不会抢占已经绑定VIP的机器。

5、制定绑定IP的网卡： interface eth2

6、可以指定keepalived状态变化通知

notify_master "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_notify.sh master"

notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_notify.sh backup"

notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_notify.sh fault"

notify_stop "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_notify.sh stop"

7、virtual_router_id 15值，主备值一致，但建议不应与集群中其他Nginx机器上的相同，如果同一个网段配置的virtual_router_id 重复则会报错，选择一个不重复的0~255之间的值，可以用以下命令查看已存在的vrid。

tcpdump -nn -i any net 224.0.0.0/8

4. 常用脚本

4.1. Nginx健康检测脚本

在Nginx配置目录下(/etc/nginx/conf.d/)增加health.conf的配置文件,该配置文件用于配置Nginx health的接口。

server {

listen 80 default_server;

server_name localhost;

default_type text/html;

return 200 'Health';

}

Nginx健康检测脚本：/etc/keepalived/scripts/check_nginx.sh

4.1.1. 检查接口调用是否为200

#!/bin/sh

set -x

timeout=30 #指定默认30秒没返回200则为非健康，该值可根据实际调整

if [ -n ${timeout} ];then

httpcode=`curl -sL -w %{http_code} -m ${timeout} http://localhost -o /dev/null`

else

httpcode=`curl -sL -w %{http_code} http://localhost -o /dev/null`

fi

if [ ${httpcode} -ne 200 ];then

echo `date`': nginx is not healthy, return http_code is '${httpcode} >> /etc/keeperalived/keepalived.log

killall keepalived

exit 1

else

exit 0

fi

4.1.2. 检查Nginx进程是否运行

#!/bin/sh

if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then

echo "$(date) nginx pid not found">>/etc/keepalived/keepalived.log

killall keepalived

fi

4.2. Keepalived状态通知脚本

#!/bin/bash

set -x

warn_receiver=$1

ip=$(ifconfig bond0|grep inet |awk '{print $2}')

warningInfo="${ip}_keepalived_changed_status_to_$1"

warn-report --user admin --key=xxxx --target=${warn_receiver} ${warningInfo}

echo $(date) $1 >> /etc/keepalived/status

说明：

ip获取本机IP，本例中IP获取是bond0的IP，不同机器网卡名称不同需要修改为对应网卡名称。

告警工具根据自己指定。

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2019-06-30 12:15:34