RHEL5/Cluster(DR部分)

RHEL5中的Cluster组件是基于章文嵩先生创立的LVS(Linux Virtual Server) 制作而成,

关于lvs的工作原理请参照《Linux 服务器集群系统》

Virtual Server via Direct Routing（VS/DR）
VS/DR通过改写请求报文的MAC地址，将请求发送到真实服务器，而真实服务器将响应直接返回给客户。同VS/TUN技术一样，VS/DR技术可极大地提高集群系统的伸缩性。这种方法没有IP隧道的开销，对集群中的真实服务器也没有必须支持IP隧道协议的要求，但是要求调度器与真实服务器都有一块网卡连在同一物理网段上。

Cluster(DR部分)实验

clip_image002

应为DR使基于MAC改写的,为了使试验简单明了,假设client,router,realserver都在一个网段上,
DR类型的httpd负载均衡集群.网络拓扑为
*当然,实际使用中,还需要考虑网关,路由等

#拓扑图
             ________
            |        |
            | client |
            |________|
             10.0.0.10         
                |                eth0 10.0.0.1
                |                 _____________
                |                |             |
     VIP(eth0:1)=10.0.0.50       |    router   |
            _ _ _ _ _            |_____________|
           |          |               |
             director  ---------------+
           |_ _ _ _ _ |               |
                |                eth0 10.0.0.2
                |                 ______________
                |                |              |
        -----------------        | router backup|
       |                 |       |______________|
       |                 |       
  eth0 10.0.0.100   eth0 10.0.0.200
______________    ______________
|              |  |              |
| realserver1  |  | realserver2  |
|______________|  |______________|

[client]
    os
        windwows xp
[router]
    os
        rhel5
    hostname
        vs
    software
        ipvsadm piranha httpd php
[router backup]
    os
        rhel5
    hostname
        vs_bk
    software
        ipvsadm piranha httpd php
[real server 1]
    os
        rhel5
    hostname
        rs1
    software
        httpd
[real server B]
    os
        rhel5
    hostname
        rs2
    software
        httpd
[director]
为router或者router backup中的一台虚拟出来

配置如下
[router]

#设置piranha密码
piranha-passwd

#开启服务
service piranha-gui start

#访问配置页面
http://10.0.0.1:3636/

#配置以后的文件
[root@vs ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/ha/lvs.cf
serial_no = 51
primary = 10.0.0.1
service = lvs
backup_active = 1
backup = 10.0.0.2
heartbeat = 1
heartbeat_port = 539
keepalive = 6
deadtime = 18
network = direct
nat_nmask = 255.255.255.0
debug_level = NONE
monitor_links = 0
virtual HTTP {
     active = 1
     address = 10.0.0.50 eth0:1
     vip_nmask = 255.255.0.0
     port = 80
     send = "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n"
     expect = "HTTP"
     use_regex = 0
     load_monitor = none
     scheduler = wlc
     protocol = tcp
     timeout = 6
     reentry = 15
     quiesce_server = 0
     server rs1.yubo.com {
         address = 10.0.0.100
         active = 1
         weight = 1
     }
     server rs2.yubo.com {
         address = 10.0.0.200
         active = 1
         weight = 1
     }
}

#重启服务
service pulse restart

[router backup]

#设置piranha密码
piranha-passwd

#开启服务
service piranha-gui start

#访问配置页面
http://10.0.0.2:3636/

#配置以后的文件
[root@vs_bk ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/ha/lvs.cf
serial_no = 46
primary = 10.0.0.2
service = lvs
backup_active = 1
backup = 10.0.0.1
heartbeat = 1
heartbeat_port = 539
keepalive = 6
deadtime = 18
network = direct
nat_nmask = 255.255.0.0
debug_level = NONE
monitor_links = 0
virtual HTTP {
     active = 1
     address = 10.0.0.50 eth0:1
     vip_nmask = 255.255.0.0
     port = 80
     send = "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n"
     expect = "HTTP"
     use_regex = 0
     load_monitor = none
     scheduler = wlc
     protocol = tcp
     timeout = 6
     reentry = 15
     quiesce_server = 0
     server rs1.yubo.com {
         address = 10.0.0.100
         active = 1
         weight = 1
     }
     server rs2.yubo.com {
         address = 10.0.0.200
         active = 1
         weight = 1
     }
}

#重启服务
service pulse restart

[realserver1/realserver2]
修改mac地址,但是到达realserver的包,目的地址使vip的地址,而不是rs的ip地址,如果不做处理,会被拒绝,有arptables_jf/iptables 两种方法,我用的使iptables
2台rs都要做

iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -d 1 --dport 80 -j REDIRECT

之后开启rs1,rs2的httpd服务,为了使得便于观察

[root@rs1 ~]# echo "rs1.yubo.org" > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@rs2 ~]# echo "rs2.yubo.org" > /var/www/html/index.html

client频繁访问http://10.0.0.50时,会发现显示内容在”rs2.yubo.org”和”rs1.yubo.org”之间切换

试验完成以后,不要忘记保存配置,以免启动以后无法使用

[vs/vs_bk]

chkconfig --level 2345 piranha-gui on
chkconfig --level 2345 pulse on

[rs1/rs2]

service iptables save
chkconfig --level 2345 iptables on

[注意]
route 和 route backup 互为备份,没有主次之分(注意每个配置文件的backup和backup_private)
route backup 是route的备份
route 是route backup的备份
10.0.0.50个虚拟ip地址同一时刻只出现在1个router上,当前router当机以后,这个ip地址会被另一台备份机器接管