pinyin4j的主页：http://pinyin4j.sourceforge.net/
pinyin4j能够根据中文字符获取其对应的拼音，而且拼音的格式可以定制。
pinyin4j是一个支持将中文转换到拼音的Java开源类库。

  1. 支持简体中文和繁体中文字符；

  2. 支持转换到汉语拼音，通用拼音, 威妥玛拼音（威玛拼法）, 注音符号第二式, 耶鲁拼法和国语罗马字；

  3. 支持多音字，即可以获取一个中文字符的多种发音；

  4. 支持多种字符串输出格式，比如支持Unicode格式的字符ü和声调符号(阴平 "ˉ",阳平"ˊ",上声"ˇ",去声"ˋ")的输出。

示例代码：

 

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public class Pinyin4jUtil { 
   
     /**
      * 汉字转换位汉语拼音首字母，英文字符不变，特殊字符丢失 支持多音字，生成方式如（长沙市长:cssc,zssz,zssc,cssz）
      * 
      * @param chines
      *            汉字
      * @return 拼音
      */ 
     public static String converterToFirstSpell(String chines) { 
         StringBuffer pinyinName = new StringBuffer(); 
         char [] nameChar = chines.toCharArray(); 
         HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat(); 
         defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE); 
         defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE); 
         for ( int i = 0 ; i < nameChar.length; i++) { 
             if (nameChar[i] > 128 ) { 
                 try { 
                     // 取得当前汉字的所有全拼 
                     String[] strs = PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray( 
                             nameChar[i], defaultFormat); 
                     if (strs != null ) { 
                         for ( int j = 0 ; j < strs.length; j++) { 
                             // 取首字母 
                             pinyinName.append(strs[j].charAt( 0 )); 
                             if (j != strs.length - 1 ) { 
                                 pinyinName.append( "," ); 
                             } 
                         } 
                     } 
                     // else { 
                     // pinyinName.append(nameChar[i]); 
                     // } 
                 } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) { 
                     e.printStackTrace(); 
                 } 
             } else { 
                 pinyinName.append(nameChar[i]); 
             } 
             pinyinName.append( " " ); 
         } 
         // return pinyinName.toString(); 
         return parseTheChineseByObject(discountTheChinese(pinyinName.toString())); 
     } 
   
     /**
      * 汉字转换位汉语全拼，英文字符不变，特殊字符丢失
      * 支持多音字，生成方式如（重当参:zhongdangcen,zhongdangcan,chongdangcen
      * ,chongdangshen,zhongdangshen,chongdangcan）
      * 
      * @param chines
      *            汉字
      * @return 拼音
      */ 
     public static String converterToSpell(String chines) { 
         StringBuffer pinyinName = new StringBuffer(); 
         char [] nameChar = chines.toCharArray(); 
         HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat(); 
         defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE); 
         defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE); 
         for ( int i = 0 ; i < nameChar.length; i++) { 
             if (nameChar[i] > 128 ) { 
                 try { 
                     // 取得当前汉字的所有全拼 
                     String[] strs = PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray( 
                             nameChar[i], defaultFormat); 
                     if (strs != null ) { 
                         for ( int j = 0 ; j < strs.length; j++) { 
                             pinyinName.append(strs[j]); 
                             if (j != strs.length - 1 ) { 
                                 pinyinName.append( "," ); 
                             } 
                         } 
                     } 
                 } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) { 
                     e.printStackTrace(); 
                 } 
             } else { 
                 pinyinName.append(nameChar[i]); 
             } 
             pinyinName.append( " " ); 
         } 
         // return pinyinName.toString(); 
         return parseTheChineseByObject(discountTheChinese(pinyinName.toString())); 
     } 
   
     /**
      * 去除多音字重复数据
      * 
      * @param theStr
      * @return
      */ 
     private static List<Map<String, Integer>> discountTheChinese(String theStr) { 
         // 去除重复拼音后的拼音列表 
         List<Map<String, Integer>> mapList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Integer>>(); 
         // 用于处理每个字的多音字，去掉重复 
         Map<String, Integer> onlyOne = null ; 
         String[] firsts = theStr.split( " " ); 
         // 读出每个汉字的拼音 
         for (String str : firsts) { 
             onlyOne = new Hashtable<String, Integer>(); 
             String[] china = str.split( "," ); 
             // 多音字处理 
             for (String s : china) { 
                 Integer count = onlyOne.get(s); 
                 if (count == null ) { 
                     onlyOne.put(s, new Integer( 1 )); 
                 } else { 
                     onlyOne.remove(s); 
                     count++; 
                     onlyOne.put(s, count); 
                 } 
             } 
             mapList.add(onlyOne); 
         } 
         return mapList; 
     } 
   
     /**
      * 解析并组合拼音，对象合并方案(推荐使用)
      * 
      * @return
      */ 
     private static String parseTheChineseByObject( 
             List<Map<String, Integer>> list) { 
         Map<String, Integer> first = null ; // 用于统计每一次,集合组合数据 
         // 遍历每一组集合 
         for ( int i = 0 ; i < list.size(); i++) { 
             // 每一组集合与上一次组合的Map 
             Map<String, Integer> temp = new Hashtable<String, Integer>(); 
             // 第一次循环，first为空 
             if (first != null ) { 
                 // 取出上次组合与此次集合的字符，并保存 
                 for (String s : first.keySet()) { 
                     for (String s1 : list.get(i).keySet()) { 
                         String str = s + s1; 
                         temp.put(str, 1 ); 
                     } 
                 } 
                 // 清理上一次组合数据 
                 if (temp != null && temp.size() > 0 ) { 
                     first.clear(); 
                 } 
             } else { 
                 for (String s : list.get(i).keySet()) { 
                     String str = s; 
                     temp.put(str, 1 ); 
                 } 
             } 
             // 保存组合数据以便下次循环使用 
             if (temp != null && temp.size() > 0 ) { 
                 first = temp; 
             } 
         } 
         String returnStr = "" ; 
         if (first != null ) { 
             // 遍历取出组合字符串 
             for (String str : first.keySet()) { 
                 returnStr += (str + "," ); 
             } 
         } 
         if (returnStr.length() > 0 ) { 
             returnStr = returnStr.substring( 0 , returnStr.length() - 1 ); 
         } 
         return returnStr; 
     } 
   
}


测试代码

 

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String str = "长沙市长" ; 
           
         String pinyin = Pinyin4jUtil.converterToSpell(str); 
         System.out.println(str+ " pin yin ：" +pinyin); 
           
         pinyin = Pinyin4jUtil.converterToFirstSpell(str); 
         System.out.println(str+ " short pin yin ：" +pinyin);


运行结果：

长沙市长 pin yin ：zhangshashichang,changshashichang,zhangshashizhang,changshashizhang
长沙市长 short pin yin ：cssc,zssz,zssc,cssz