看到了一片文章,EOS多索引表的使用指南,感觉还是挺好的,所以拿出来分享一下。
词汇表
code :是指已公布智能合约的account_name。
scope:account_name所涉及数据范围。
table_name: 存储在内存中的表的名称。
代码分解
要存储的结构
要在多索引表中存储的数据是limit_order结构。primary_key(),get_expiration(),get_price()函数用于返回表。返回的表将根据调用的函数排序。
struct limit_order {
uint64_t id;
uint128_t price;
uint64_t expiration;
account_name owner;
auto primary_key() const { return id; }
uint64_t get_expiration() const { return expiration; }
uint128_t get_price() const { return price; }
EOSLIB_SERIALIZE( limit_order, ( id )( price )( expiration )( owner ) )
};
建一个多索引表
auto payer = ilm.get_account();...
payer是保存帐户的变量,它将账单元素添加到多索引表中,并修改已经在多索引表中的元素。
...
eosio::multi_index< N( orders ), limit_order, ...
N(orders)是多索引表的名称,limit_order是要存储在表中的数据。
...
indexed_by< N( byexp ), const_mem_fun< limit_order, uint64_t,
&limit_order::get_expiration> >,...
indexed_by< N( byexp ), const_mem_fun< limit_order, uint64_t, &limit_order::get_expiration> >定义了多索引表的索引方式。N(byexp)是这个索引的名称。const_mem_fun表示正在查询的数据类型、limit_order的变量的类型是uint64_t,将使用get_expiration函数获取变量。
...
indexed_by< N( byprice ), const_mem_fun< limit_order, uint128_t, &limit_order::get_price> >...
indexed_by< N( byprice ), const_mem_fun< limit_order, uint128_t, &limit_order::get_price> >定义了多索引表的索引方式。N(byprice)是这个索引的名称。const_mem_fun表示正在查询的数据类型、limit_order的变量的类型是uint128_t,将使用get_price函数获取变量。
orders( N( limitorders ), N( limitorders )
orders即是多索引表。
auto payer = ilm.get_account();
print("Creating multi index table 'orders'.n");eosio::multi_index< N( orders ), limit_order,
indexed_by< N( byexp ), const_mem_fun< limit_order, uint64_t, &limit_order::get_expiration> >,
indexed_by< N( byprice ), const_mem_fun< limit_order, uint128_t, &limit_order::get_price> >
> orders( N( limitorders ), N( limitorders ) );
添加多索引表
下面,将两个limit_order添加到orders表中。请注意,payer是正在修改orders表的“账单”帐户。
orders.emplace( payer, & {
o.id = 1;
o.expiration = 300;
o.owner = N(dan);
});
auto order2 = orders.emplace( payer, & {
o.id = 2;
o.expiration = 200;
o.owner = N(thomas);
});
按照主键排序
默认的orders表按照主键排序。
print("Items sorted by primary key:n");for( const auto& item : orders ) {
print(" ID=", item.id, ", expiration=", item.expiration, ", owner=", name{item.owner}, "n");
}
按第二索引expiration排序
orders表通过expiration进行排序并分配给expidx。
auto expidx = orders.get_index<N(byexp)>();
print("Items sorted by expiration:n");for( const auto& item : expidx ) {
print(" ID=", item.id, ", expiration=", item.expiration, ", owner=", name{item.owner}, "n");
}
按第二索引price排序
orders表通过price进行排序并分配给oridx。
auto pridx = orders.get_index<N(byprice)>();
print("Items sorted by price:n");for( const auto& item : pridx ) {
print(" ID=", item.id, ", expiration=", item.expiration, ", owner=", name{item.owner}, "n");
}
修改一个输入值
下面,“ID=2”的条目被修改。请注意,payer是正在修改orders表的“账单”帐户。
print("Modifying expiration of order with ID=2 to 400.n");
orders.modify( order2, payer, & {
o.expiration = 400;
});
得到一个最小值
auto lower = expidx.lower_bound(100);
print("First order with an expiration of at least 100 has ID=", lower->id, " and expiration=", lower->get_expiration(), "n");
完整的.cpp文件
include <eosiolib/eosio.hpp>#include <eosiolib/dispatcher.hpp>#include <eosiolib/multi_index.hpp>
using namespace eosio;
namespace limit_order_table {
struct limit_order {
uint64_t id;
uint128_t price;
uint64_t expiration;
account_name owner;
auto primary_key() const { return id; }
uint64_t get_expiration() const { return expiration; }
uint128_t get_price() const { return price;
}
EOSLIB_SERIALIZE( limit_order, ( id )( price )( expiration )( owner ) )
};
class limit_order_table {
public:
ACTION( N( limitorders ), issue_limit_order ) {
EOSLIB_SERIALIZE( issue_limit_order )
};
static void on( const issue_limit_order& ilm ) {
auto payer = ilm.get_account();
print("Creating multi index table 'orders'.n");
eosio::multi_index< N( orders ), limit_order,
indexed_by< N( byexp ), const_mem_fun< limit_order, uint64_t, &limit_order::get_expiration> >,
indexed_by< N( byprice ), const_mem_fun< limit_order, uint128_t, &limit_order::get_price> >
orders( N( limitorders ), N( limitorders ) );
orders.emplace( payer, [&]( auto& o ) {
o.id = 1;
o.expiration = 300;
o.owner = N(dan);
});
auto order2 = orders.emplace( payer, [&]( auto& o ) {
o.id = 2;
o.expiration = 200;
o.owner = N(thomas);
});
print("Items sorted by primary key:\n");
for( const auto& item : orders ) {
print(" ID=", item.id, ", expiration=", item.expiration, ", owner=", name{item.owner}, "\n");
}
auto expidx = orders.get_index<N(byexp)>();
print("Items sorted by expiration:\n");
for( const auto& item : expidx ) {
print(" ID=", item.id, ", expiration=", item.expiration, ", owner=", name{item.owner}, "\n");
}
auto pridx = orders.get_index<N(byprice)>();
print("Items sorted by price:\n");
for( const auto& item : pridx ) {
print(" ID=", item.id, ", expiration=", item.expiration, ", owner=", name{item.owner}, "\n");
}
print("Modifying expiration of order with ID=2 to 400.\n");
orders.modify( order2, payer, [&]( auto& o ) {
o.expiration = 400;
});
auto lower = expidx.lower_bound(100);
print("First order with an expiration of at least 100 has ID=", lower->id, " and expiration=", lower->get_expiration(), "\n");
};
} /// limit_order_table
namespace limit_order_table {
extern "C" {
of events to this contract
void apply( uint64_t code, uint64_t action ) {
require_auth( code );
eosio_assert( eosio::dispatch< limit_order_table, limit_order_table::issue_limit_order >( code, action ), "Could not dispatch" );
}
}
}
删除表
表不能直接删除,但是,在删除所有行之后,表将自动删除。