SHELL实战day9_函数

                                          一 SHELL脚本中的函数

函数就是把一段代码整理到了一个小单元中,并给这个小单元起一个名字,当用到这段代码时直接调用这个小单元的名字即可。
格式: function f_name() {
command
}
函数必须要放在最前面
示例1
#!/bin/bash
input() {
    echo $1 $2 $# $0
}

input 1 a b

示例2
#!/bin/bash
sum() {
    s=$[$1+$2]
    echo $s
}
sum 1 2

示例3
#!/bin/bash
ip() {
    ifconfig |grep -A1 "$1 " |tail -1 |awk '{print $2}'|awk -F':' '{print $2}'
}
read -p "Please input the eth name: " e
myip=ip $e
echo "$e address is $myip"

                                        二 SHELL中的数组1

定义数组 a=(1 2 3 4 5); echo ${a[@]}
echo ${#a[@]} 获取数组的元素个数
echo ${a[2]} 读取第三个元素,数组从0开始
echo ${a[*]} 等同于 ${a[@]} 显示整个数组
数组赋值
a[1]=100; echo ${a[@]}
a[5]=2; echo ${a[@]} 如果下标不存在则会自动添加一个元素
数组的删除
uset a; unset a[1]

                                       三 SHELL中的数组2

数组分片
a=(seq 1 5)
echo ${a[@]:0:3} 从第一个元素开始,截取3个
echo ${a[@]:1:4} 从第二个元素开始,截取4个
echo ${a[@]:0-3:2} 从倒数第3个元素开始,截取2个
数组替换
echo ${a[@]/3/100}
a=(${a[@]/3/100})

                                        四 shell项目-告警系统

需求:使用shell定制各种个性化告警工具,但需要统一化管理、规范化管理。

思路:指定一个脚本包,包含主程序、子程序、配置文件、邮件引擎、输出日志等。
主程序:作为整个脚本的入口,是整个系统的命脉。
配置文件:是一个控制中心,用它来开关各个子程序,指定各个相关联的日志文件。
子程序:这个才是真正的监控脚本,用来监控各个指标。
邮件引擎:是由一个python程序来实现,它可以定义发邮件的服务器、发邮件人以及发件人密码
输出日志:整个监控系统要有日志输出。

shell项目-告警系统main.sh![]

main.sh内容
#!/bin/bash
#Written by aming.

是否发送邮件的开关

export send=1

过滤ip地址

export addr=/sbin/ifconfig |grep -A1 "ens33: "|awk '/inet/ {print $2}'
dir=pwd

只需要最后一级目录名

last_dir=echo $dir|awk -F'/' '{print $NF}'

下面的判断目的是,保证执行脚本的时候,我们在bin目录里,不然监控脚本、邮件和日志很有可能找不到

if [ $last_dir == "bin" ] || [ $last_dir == "bin/" ]; then
conf_file="../conf/mon.conf"
else
echo "you shoud cd bin dir"
exit
fi
exec 1>>../log/mon.log 2>>../log/err.log
echo "date +"%F %T" load average"
/bin/bash ../shares/load.sh
#先检查配置文件中是否需要监控502
if grep -q 'to_mon_502=1' $conf_file; then
export log=grep 'logfile=' $conf_file |awk -F '=' '{print $2}' |sed 's/ //g'
/bin/bash  ../shares/502.sh
fi

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/percnet100/2337629

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Shell脚本高级编程教程,希望对你有所帮助。 Example 10-23. Using continue N in an actual task: 1 # Albert Reiner gives an example of how to use "continue N": 2 # --------------------------------------------------------- 3 4 # Suppose I have a large number of jobs that need to be run, with 5 #+ any data that is to be treated in files of a given name pattern in a 6 #+ directory. There are several machines that access this directory, and 7 #+ I want to distribute the work over these different boxen. Then I 8 #+ usually nohup something like the following on every box: 9 10 while true 11 do 12 for n in .iso.* 13 do 14 [ "$n" = ".iso.opts" ] && continue 15 beta=${n#.iso.} 16 [ -r .Iso.$beta ] && continue 17 [ -r .lock.$beta ] && sleep 10 && continue 18 lockfile -r0 .lock.$beta || continue 19 echo -n "$beta: " `date` 20 run-isotherm $beta 21 date 22 ls -alF .Iso.$beta 23 [ -r .Iso.$beta ] && rm -f .lock.$beta 24 continue 2 25 done 26 break 27 done 28 29 # The details, in particular the sleep N, are particular to my 30 #+ application, but the general pattern is: 31 32 while true 33 do 34 for job in {pattern} 35 do 36 {job already done or running} && continue 37 {mark job as running, do job, mark job as done} 38 continue 2 39 done 40 break # Or something like `sleep 600' to avoid termination. 41 done 42 43 # This way the script will stop only when there are no more jobs to do 44 #+ (including jobs that were added during runtime). Through the use 45 #+ of appropriate lockfiles it can be run on several machines 46 #+ concurrently without duplication of calculations [which run a couple 47 #+ of hours in my case, so I really want to avoid this]. Also, as search 48 #+ always starts again from the beginning, one can encode priorities in 49 #+ the file names. Of course, one could also do this without `continue 2', 50 #+ but then one would have to actually check whether or not some job 51 #+ was done (so that we should immediately look for the next job) or not 52 #+ (in which case we terminate or sleep for a long time before checking 53 #+ for a new job).

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