Springboot对多线程的支持详解
这两天看阿里的JAVA开发手册,到多线程的时候说永远不要用 new Thread()这种方式来使用多线程。确实是这样的,我一直在用线程池,到了springboot才发现他已经给我们提供了很方便的线程池机制。
本博客代码托管在github上 https://github.com/gxz0422042...
一、介绍
Spring
是通过任务执行器(TaskExecutor
)来实现多线程和并发编程,使用ThreadPoolTaskExecutor
来创建一个基于线城池的TaskExecutor
。在使用线程池的大多数情况下都是异步非阻塞的。我们配置注解@EnableAsync
可以开启异步任务。然后在实际执行的方法上配置注解@Async
上声明是异步任务。
二、配置类
配置类代码如下:
package com.spartajet.springbootlearn.thread;
import org.springframework.aop.interceptor.AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
/**
* @description
* @create 2017-02-22 下午11:53
* @email gxz04220427@163.com
*/
@Configuration
@EnableAsync
public class ThreadConfig implements AsyncConfigurer {
/**
* The {@link Executor} instance to be used when processing async
* method invocations.
*/
@Override
public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
executor.setCorePoolSize(5);
executor.setMaxPoolSize(15);
executor.setQueueCapacity(25);
executor.initialize();
return executor;
}
/**
* The {@link AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler} instance to be used
* when an exception is thrown during an asynchronous method execution
* with {@code void} return type.
*/
@Override
public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
return null;
}
}
解读:
- 利用
EnableAsync
来开启Springboot
对于异步任务的支持 - 配置类实现接口
AsyncConfigurator
,返回一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor
线程池对象。
三、任务执行
任务执行代码:
package com.spartajet.springbootlearn.thread;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* @description
* @create 2017-02-23 上午12:00
* @email gxz04220427@163.com
*/
@Service
public class AsyncTaskService {
@Async
public void executeAsyncTask(int i) {
System.out.println("线程" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行异步任务:" + i);
}
}
代码解读:
- 通过
@Async
注解表明该方法是异步方法,如果注解在类上,那表明这个类里面的所有方法都是异步的。
四、测试代码
package com.spartajet.springbootlearn;
import com.spartajet.springbootlearn.thread.AsyncTaskService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith (SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringbootLearnApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private AsyncTaskService asyncTaskService;
@Test
public void contextLoads() {
}
@Test
public void threadTest() {
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
asyncTaskService.executeAsyncTask(i);
}
}
}
测试结果:
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-4 执行异步任务:3
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-2 执行异步任务:1
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-1 执行异步任务:0
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-1 执行异步任务:7
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-1 执行异步任务:8
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-1 执行异步任务:9
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-1 执行异步任务:10
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-5 执行异步任务:4
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-3 执行异步任务:2
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-5 执行异步任务:12
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-1 执行异步任务:11
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-2 执行异步任务:6
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-4 执行异步任务:5
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-2 执行异步任务:16
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-1 执行异步任务:15
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-5 执行异步任务:14
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-3 执行异步任务:13
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-1 执行异步任务:19
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-2 执行异步任务:18
线程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor-4 执行异步任务:17