注:对原文代码进行修改、补充说明,并测试通过
现在虽然我们很少用到RMI进行编程,但是做为Java一个最早的分布式解决方案,我们还是有了解的必要。
写在前面:
本示例程序目录结构如下:
e:/rmistudy
build.bat
RmiHello.bat
RmiHelloRemoteIntf.java
RmiHelloRemoteImpl.java
RmiHelloServer.java
RmiHelloClient.java
RmiHelloClient.class
RmiHelloRemoteImpl.class
RmiHelloRemoteImpl_Stub.class
RmiHelloRemoteIntf.class
RmiHelloServer.class
RmiHelloClient.policy
RmiHelloServer.policy
============================
远程接口 RmiHelloRemoteIntf.java
import java.rmi.Remote;
import java.rmi.RemoteException;
public interface RmiHelloRemoteIntf extends Remote
{
String helloRemoteObj(String client) throws RemoteException;
}
远程接口的实现类RmiHelloRemoteImpl.java
import java.rmi.server.UnicastRemoteObject;
import java.rmi.RemoteException;
public class RmiHelloRemoteImpl extends UnicastRemoteObject implements RmiHelloRemoteIntf
{
public RmiHelloRemoteImpl() throws RemoteException
{
super();
}
public String helloRemoteObj(String client) throws RemoteException
{
return "Hello World " + client;
}
}
服务器类RmiHelloServer.java
import java.rmi.RMISecurityManager;
import java.rmi.Naming;
import java.rmi.registry.LocateRegistry;
public class RmiHelloServer
{
public RmiHelloServer()
{
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
//创建并安装安全管理器
if(System.getSecurityManager() == null)
{
System.setSecurityManager(new RMISecurityManager());
}
try{
//创建远程对象
RmiHelloRemoteImpl remoteObj = new RmiHelloRemoteImpl();
//启动注册表
LocateRegistry.createRegistry(2222);
//将名称绑定到对象
Naming.rebind("//localhost:2222/helloObj", remoteObj);
System.out.println("RMI服务器正在运行。。。。。。");
}
catch(Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
【注意】在本例中为了简单,将客户端和服务器置于同一机器上,故将服务对象RmiHelloRemoteImpl
绑定在localhost上
服务器端的权限文件RmiHelloServer.policy
grant codeBase
"file:/e:/rmistudy/"
{
permission java.net.SocketPermission
"*:1000-9999","accept,connect,listen,resolve";
};
现在就看看Client端是如何连接服务器和进行远程方法的调用的吧
import java.rmi.Naming;
import java.rmi.RMISecurityManager;
public class RmiHelloClient
{
public RmiHelloClient()
{
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
//创建并安装安全管理器
if(System.getSecurityManager() == null)
{
System.setSecurityManager(new RMISecurityManager());
}
try{
RmiHelloRemoteIntf c1 = (RmiHelloRemoteIntf) Naming.lookup("rmi://localhost:2222/helloObj");
System.out.println(c1.helloRemoteObj("Everyone"));
}
catch(Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
【注意】lookup的时候,应填写之前注册的信息。这也是服务器端和客户端的一种约定
Client端的权限文件RmiHelloClient.policy
grant codeBase
"file:/e:/rmistudy/"
{
permission java.net.SocketPermission
"*:1000-9999","accept,connect,listen,resolve";
};
至此,一个最简单的RMI例子完成,接下来是编译和运行。一般来说,rmi程序分为客户端和服务器两部分,服务器主要负责对服务对象进行注册并等待客户端进行调用。因此,一般需要由两个进程来完成。
编译批处理:build.bat
javac RmiHelloRemoteIntf.java
javac RmiHelloRemoteImpl.java
rmic RmiHelloRemoteImpl
javac RmiHelloServer.java
javac RmiHelloClient.java
pause
启动服务器和客户端(先启动服务器): RmiHello.bat
@echo 在另一个窗口启动服务器,请稍后。。。
start java -Djava.security.policy=RmiHelloServer.policy RmiHelloServer
echo 运行客户程序。。。
java -Djava.security.policy=RmiHelloClient.policy RmiHelloClient
后记:policy文件用于配置rmi框架权限,本例中为授权其监听端口以及对外发起连接等。