实验目的:<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

随着企业内部流量的逐步增大,使用路由器的独臂路由功能来实现不同vlan间互访已不能满足企业用户的需求。这时我们可以使用转发速度较快的三层交换机来实现这些功能。通过在三层交换上配置相应的vlan地址(即网关地址),让不同vlan的用户通过三层交换的中继链路实现快速的互访。
 
实验拓扑:
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
实验步骤

v 2层交换机上配置VLAN

SW<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />-2L(config)#vlan 2

SW-2L(config-vlan)#vlan 3

SW-2L(config-vlan)#exit

配置所需要的接口加入到vlan

SW-2L(config)#interface range f0/2

SW-2L(config-if-range)#switchport mode access

SW-2L(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 2

 

SW-2L(config)#interface range f0/3

SW-2L(config-if-range)#switchport mode access

SW-2L(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 3

v 2层交换机上配制Trunk接口

SW-2L(config)#interface f0/1

SW-2L(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

v  3层交换机上配置与2层交换机相同的VLAN(配置步骤与方法相同,也可以配置一台交换机为VTP域服务器,其它交换机为VTP域客户端来自动学习vlan信息)

SW-3L(config)#vlan database

SW-3L(config-vlan)#vlan 2

SW-3L(config-vlan)#vlan 3

SW-3L(config-vlan)#exit

v 3层交换机上配置中继接口

SW-3L(config)#interface f0/1

SW-3L(config-if)#switchport  trunk encapsulation dot1q

SW-3L(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

v 3层交换机上启动路由

         SW-3L(config)#ip routing
v 3层交换机上配置各VLANIP地址

SW-3L(config)#interface vlan 1

SW-3L(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

SW-3L(config-if)#no shut

 

SW-3L(config)#interface vlan 2

SW-3L(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

SW-3L(config-if)#no shut

 

SW-3L(config)#interface vlan 3

SW-3L(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0

SW-3L(config-if)#no shut

v 3层交换机上查看路由表

SW-3L#show ip route

SW-3L #sh ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

 

Gateway of last resort is not set

 

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan1

C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan2

C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan3

v 在主机192.168.2.2ping 192.168.3.2

在这里,主机也是用路由器模拟的,这里举一台的配置为例:

Router#conf t

Router(config)#host PC2

PC2(config)#int f0/2

PC2(config-if)#no sw

PC2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0

PC2(config-if)#no shut

PC2(config-if)#exit

PC2(config)#ip default-ga 192.168.2.1

PC2(config)#no ip routing

PC2#ping 192.168.3.2

 

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.2, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 96/143/232 ms

v 查看FIB   FIB ,即转发信息库。从概念上看, FIB 类似于路由表,包含路由表中的转发信息的镜像)

SW-3L#show ip cef     查看 FIB

SW-3L #sh ip cef

Prefix              Next Hop             Interface

0.0.0.0/0           drop                 Null0 (default route handler entry)

0.0.0.0/32          receive

192.168.1.0/24      attached             Vlan1

192.168.1.0/32      receive

192.168.1.1/32      receive

192.168.1.2/32      192.168.1.2          Vlan1

192.168.1.255/32    receive

192.168.2.0/24      attached             Vlan2

192.168.2.0/32      receive

192.168.2.1/32      receive

192.168.2.2/32      192.168.2.2          Vlan2

192.168.2.255/32    receive

192.168.3.0/24      attached             Vlan3

192.168.3.0/32      receive

192.168.3.1/32      receive

192.168.3.2/32      192.168.3.2          Vlan3

192.168.3.255/32    receive

224.0.0.0/4         drop

224.0.0.0/24        receive

255.255.255.255/32  receive

SW-3L#show adjacency detail 查看邻接关系表

SW-3L #sh adjacency detail

Protocol Interface                 Address

IP       Vlan2                     192.168.2.2(5)

                                   20 packets, 2280 bytes

                                   CC000924F002CC000CC800000800

                                   ARP        03:53:59 

                                   Epoch: 0

IP       Vlan3                     192.168.3.2(5)

                                   30 packets, 3420 bytes

                                   CC0002D4F003CC000CC800000800

                                   ARP        03:55:52 

                                   Epoch: 0

IP       Vlan1                     192.168.1.2(5)

                                   10 packets, 1140 bytes

                                   CC0008D4F004CC000CC800000800

                                   ARP        03:57:06 

                                   Epoch: 0