一、准备环境
1、两台虚拟机、一台正常运行oracle数据库的,一台装了软件没有启动数据库的(没有进行dbca)
2、主库备库 修改环境变量,修改主机名,将主库备库的主机名都写入hosts文件
二、开始搭建
1.查看主库是否开启归档模式,查看是否开启强制日志(若没开启则开启)
SYS@WWDB1> select log_mode,force_logging from v$database;
SYS@WWDB1> alter database force logging;
SYS@WWDB1> archive log list;
SYS@WWDB1> show parameter db_recovery
SYS@WWDB11> alter system switch logfile;
2.创建STANDBY LOGFILE
SYS@WWDB1>define _editor=vim
SYS@WWDB1>ed1
alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/WWDB1/stlog01.log') size 100m;
alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/WWDB1/stlog02.log') size 100m;
alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/WWDB1/stlog03.log') size 100m;
alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/WWDB1/stlog04.log') size 100m;
SYS@WWDB1>@1
3.创建参数文件
SYS@WWDB1>create pfile from spfile;
4.修改参数文件
[oracle@oracle01 ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/dbhome_1/dbs/
[oracle@oracle01 dbs]$ vi initWWDB1.ora
在原有参数文件上添加
下列参数来自于官方文档
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=WWDB1
LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(WWDB1,SBDB1)'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=
'LOCATION=use_db_recovery_file_dest
VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=WWDB1'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=
'SERVICE=SBDB1 ASYNC
VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=SBDB1'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc
#下边的在备库上才有用,在主库中先添加上scp到备库
FAL_SERVER=SBDB1
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='SBDB1','WWDB1'
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='SBDB1','WWDB1'
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
dg_broker_start=true
5.修改监听文件
[oracle@oracle01 admin]$ vi listener.ora
添加静态监听
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=WWDB1)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME=WWDB1))
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=WWDB1_DGMGRL)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME=WWDB1))
(SID_DESC=
(SID_NAME=plsextproc)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/dbhome_1)
(PROGRAM=extproc)))
[oracle@oracle01 admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora
##添加如下内容
SBDB1 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle02)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = SBDB1)
)
)
6.将监听文件、TNS文件、口令文件、参数文件
##重要的是口令文件跟参数文件文件名要改成备库的名称
scp initWWDB1.ora oracle02:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/dbhome_1/dbs/initSBDB1.ora
scp orapwWWDB1 oracle02:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwSBDB1
scp ../network/admin/listener.ora ../network/admin/tnsnames.ora oracle02:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/dbhome_1/network/admin
7.重启主库使配置生效
注:重启库之前先重启监听
三、到备库中
1.创建对应路径
[oracle@oracle01~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/
[oracle@oracle01 oracle]$ mkdir -p admin/SBDB1/adump
[oracle@oracle01 oracle]$ mkdir -p oradata/SBDB1
[oracle@oracle01 dbs]$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/flash
2.修改参数文件
[oracle@oracle01 oracle]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@oracle01 oracle]$ vi initSBDB1.ora(从主库中scp过来的)
注:用替换SBDB1全部替换成WWDB1然后需要注意的是db_name=主库sid
3.修改网络配置文件(配置监听文件)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle02)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=SBDB1)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME=SBDB1))
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=SBDB1_DGMGRL)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME=SBDB1))
(SID_DESC=
(SID_NAME=plsextproc)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/dbhome_1)
(PROGRAM=extproc)))
4.重启网络设置
##重启监听
[oracle@oracle01 oracle]$ lsnrctl reload
注:启动完看一下有一个动态监听一个静态监听
5.启动备库实例
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
备库启动到nomount状态
SQL> startup nomount
创建快速闪回区的目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/SBDB1
6.搭建备库:
使用复制数据库技术搭建备库
[oracle@oracle01 oracle]$ rman target sys/oracle@WWDB1 auxiliary sys/oracle@sbdb1
RMAN> DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE
FOR STANDBY
FROM ACTIVE DATABASE
DORECOVER
NOFILENAMECHECK;
运行成功,即备库搭建成功!
四、备库中运行一遍日志文件
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
---备库中就会产生与主库一样的数据文件。
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会报错
1、参数文件里不要出现汉语,注释也不要添加汉字,以及多余符号,连接符。
2、若快速恢复区没开的话,在配置参数文件的时候,需要将LOCATION=(需要改成主库数据库归档日志的本地目录)。