2.2 默认路由
实验目的:
1、掌握默认路由的基本配置。
2、理解默认路由的应用环境。
实验拓扑:
实验步骤:1、依据图中拓扑配置各设备的IP地址,并保证直连连通性;
在R1上做如下配置:
R1(config)#int f0/0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int loopback 1
R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
R1(config-if)#exit
在R2上做如下配置:
R2(config)#int f0/0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int loopback 1
R2(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int loopback 2
R2(config-if)#ip address 8.8.8.8 255.255.255.255
R2(config-if)#exit
在R1上进行直连连通性测试:
R1#ping 12.1.1.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.1.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/36/48 ms
此时说明直连连接没有问题。
2.通过部署默认路由,使得R1可以访问R2背后的所有环回网段,如下:
R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.1.1.2
查看R1的路由表:
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 12.1.1.2 to network 0.0.0.0
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback1
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.1.1.2
此时R1的路由表出现“S*”标识的路由条目,即静态默认路由。
3、在R1上测试默认路由,如下:
R1#ping 2.2.2.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/38/52 ms
R1#ping 8.8.8.8
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/36/56 ms
以上表明,通过部署默认路由,使得R1可以访问互联网的网段,此实验完成。
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转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/chenxinjie/1274517