【2014-11-22】《The Hardware/Software Interface》– Section 3

1. The time required to execute a program depends on:

• The program
• The compiler
• The instruction set architecture(ISA)
• The hardware implementation

The ISA defines:

• The system’s state(e.g. registers, memory, program counter)
• The instrutions the CPU can execute.
• The effect that each of these instructions will have on the system state.

Complex Instruction Set Computer(CISC) Reduced Instruction Set Computers(RISC) Architecture: (also instruction set architecture or ISA) The parts of a processor design that one needs to understand to write assembly code. Microarchitecture: Implementation of the architecture. EIP: Extended Instruction Pointer(IA32) Three Basic Kinds of Instructions

• Performe arthmetic function on register or memory data
• Transfer data between memory and register
  • Load data from memory into register
  • Store register data into memory
• Transfer control
  • Unconditional jumps to/from procedures
  • Conditional branches

What is A Register?

• A location in the CPU that stores a small amount of data, which can be accessed very quickly(once every clock cycle).
• Registers are at the heart of assembly programming

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