SpringCloud实践准备
项目技术版本
SpringCloud版本:Dalston.SR1,SpringBoot版本:1.5.9
项目说明
项目是使用SpringCloud将四个工程进行整合,microservicecloud整体父工程Project,microservicecloud-api公共子模块Module,microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001部门微服务提供者Module,microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80部门微服务消费者Module。
1.父类项目创建
在逻辑视图中选择new-Maven Project-勾上创建简单项目-选择pom方式
pom.xml文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.luo.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.0.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.31</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
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2.公共组件项目创建
在父项目上创建microservicecloud-api项目,注意是在microservicecloud上new一个maven module,packaging选择jar
POM.xml文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.luo.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
<dependencies><!-- 当前Module需要用到的jar包,按自己需求添加,如果父类已经包含了,可以不用写版本号 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
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Dept实体类
public class Dept implements Serializable{
private Long deptno; // 主键
private String dname; // 部门名称、
private String db_source; // 来自那个数据库,因为微服务可以一个服务对应一个数据库,同一个信息被存储到不同的数据库
public Dept() {
super();
}
public Dept(Long deptno, String dname, String db_source) {
super();
this.deptno = deptno;
this.dname = dname;
this.db_source = db_source;
}
public Long getDeptno() {
return deptno;
}
public void setDeptno(Long deptno) {
this.deptno = deptno;
}
public String getDname() {
return dname;
}
public void setDname(String dname) {
this.dname = dname;
}
public String getDb_source() {
return db_source;
}
public void setDb_source(String db_source) {
this.db_source = db_source;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Dept [deptno=" + deptno + ", dname=" + dname + ", db_source=" + db_source + "]";
}
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当我们每次都需要创建一个实体类的getter,setter,toString和构造器等方法时,如果增加一个字段就要重新生成方法,为了简化这种重复的操作,我们在前面的pom中引入了lombok,同样的实体类,使用方法如下
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
@Accessors(chain=true)
public class Dept implements Serializable{
private Long deptno; // 主键
private String dname; // 部门名称
// 来自那个数据库,因为微服务可以一个服务对应一个数据库,同一个信息被存储到不同的数据库
private String db_source;
}
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lombok安装方法
拷贝lombok-1.16.18.jar到Eclipse目录下,执行java -jar D:\javasoft\eclipse-jee-neon-3-win32-x86_64\eclipse\ombok-1.16.18.jar,然后,弹框中选择Eclipse安装目录,选择install即可。
lombok注解使用
@Data :注解在类上;提供类所有属性的 getting 和 setting 方法,此外还提供了equals、canEqual
@Setter:注解在属性上;为属性提供 setting 方法
@Getter:注解在属性上;为属性提供 getting 方法
@Log4j :注解在类上;为类提供一个 属性名为log 的 log4j 日志对象
@NoArgsConstructor:注解在类上;为类提供一个无参的构造方法
@AllArgsConstructor:注解在类上;为类提供一个全参的构造方法
@Accessors(chain=true):可以使用链式写法
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lombok测试
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
@Accessors(chain=true)
public class Dept implements Serializable{
private Long deptno; // 主键
private String dname; // 部门名称、
private String db_source; // 来自那个数据库,因为微服务可以一个服务对应一个数据库,同一个信息被存储到不同的数据库
public static void main(String[] args) {
Dept dept = new Dept();
dept.setDeptno(12L).setDname("开发部").setDb_source("DB01");
}
}
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注意内容
实体类必须实现Serializable接口
打包使用
公共组件模块写好后可以点击run as 选择maven clean ,然后在选择maven install。其他模块引用的方法如下
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
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3.部门微服务提供者
首先现在父类项目上new一个maven module,microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001修改pom.xml文件
pom.xml文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.luo.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Dept部门Entity -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.luo.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- actuator监控信息完善 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 将微服务provider侧注册进eureka -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 修改后立即生效,热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
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application.yml文件
server:
port: 8001
mybatis:
config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis.cfg.xml # mybatis配置文件所在路径
type-aliases-package: com.luo.springcloud.entities # 所有Entity别名类所在包
mapper-locations:
- classpath:mybatis/mapper/**/*.xml # mapper映射文件
spring:
application:
name: microservicecloud-dept
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # 当前数据源操作类型
driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver # mysql驱动包
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloudDB01 # 数据库名称
username: root
password: 1234
dbcp2:
min-idle: 5 # 数据库连接池的最小维持连接数
initial-size: 5 # 初始化连接数
max-total: 5 # 最大连接数
max-wait-millis: 200 # 等待连接获取的最大超时时间
eureka:
client: #客户端注册进eureka服务列表内
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
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mybatis下mybatis.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<settings>
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true" /><!-- 二级缓存开启 -->
</settings>
</configuration>
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SQL语句
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS cloudDB01 ;
CREATE DATABASE cloudDB01 CHARACTER SET UTF8 ;
USE cloudDB01 ;
CREATE TABLE dept (
deptno BIGINT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
dname VARCHAR (60),
db_source VARCHAR (60)
) ;
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('开发部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('人事部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('财务部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('市场部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('运维部',DATABASE());
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dao接口
@Mapper
public interface DeptDao {
public boolean addDept(Dept dept);
public Dept findById(Long id);
public List<Dept> findAll();
}
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DeptMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.luo.springcloud.dao.DeptDao">
<select id="findById" resultType="Dept" parameterType="Long">
select deptno,dname,db_source from dept where deptno=#{deptno};
</select>
<select id="findAll" resultType="Dept">
select deptno,dname,db_source from dept;
</select>
<insert id="addDept" parameterType="Dept">
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES(#{dname},DATABASE());
</insert>
</mapper>
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DeptService
public interface DeptService {
public boolean add(Dept dept);
public Dept get(Long id);
public List<Dept> list();
}
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DeptServiceImpl
@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService{
@Autowired
private DeptDao dao;
@Override
public boolean add(Dept dept) {
return dao.addDept(dept);
}
@Override
public Dept get(Long id) {
return dao.findById(id);
}
@Override
public List<Dept> list() {
return dao.findAll();
}
}
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DeptController
@RestController
public class DeptController {
@Autowired
private DeptService service;
@RequestMapping(value="/dept/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public boolean add(@RequestBody Dept dept){
return service.add(dept);
}
@RequestMapping(value="dept/get/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
return service.get(id);
}
@RequestMapping(value="dept/list",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public List<Dept> list(){
return service.list();
}
}
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创建主启动类DeptProvider8001_App
@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptProvider8001_App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider8001_App.class, args);
}
}
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测试结果
输入http://localhost:8001/dept/list以JSON的方式返回数据
4.部门微服务消费者
首先现在父类项目上new一个maven module,microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80修改pom.xml文件
POM.xml文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.luo.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>
<description>部门微服务消费者</description>
<dependencies>
<dependency><!-- 自己定义的api -->
<groupId>com.luo.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Ribbon相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 修改后立即生效,热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
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application.yml文件
server:
port: 80
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ConfigBean注解类
@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {
@Bean
public RestTemplate geRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
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RestTemplate
RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法,是一种简单高效便捷的访问restful服务模板类,是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端模板工具类集,使用方法如下
(url,requestMap,ResponseBean.class)三个参数分别代表Rest请求地址,请求参数,HTTP响应转换被转换的对象类型
DeptController_Consumer
@RestController
public class DeptController_Consumer {
private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/add")
public boolean add(Dept dept){
return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/add", dept, Boolean.class);
}
@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/get/"+id, Dept.class);
}
@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/list")
public Dept list(){
return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/list/", Dept.class);
}
}
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DeptConsumer80_App主类
@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptConsumer80_App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer80_App.class, args);
}
}
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测试结果
http://localhost/consumer/dept/list
http://localhost/consumer/dept/get/2
http://localhost/consumer/dept/add?dname=AI