RIP

1 What port does RIP use? <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

A:RIP uses UDP port 520.

 

2 What metric does RIP use? How is the metric used to indicate an unreachable network?

A:RIP uses a hop count metric. An unreachable network is indicated by setting the hop count to 16, which RIP interprets as an infinite distance.

 

3 What is the update period for RIP?

A:RIP sends periodic updates every 30 seconds minus a small random variable that prevents the updates of neighboring routers from becoming synchronized.

 

4 How many updates must be missed before a route entry will be marked as unreachable?

A:A route entry is marked as unreachable if six updates are missed.

 

5 What is the purpose of the garbage collection timer?

A:The garbage collection timer, or flush timer, is set when a route is declared unreachable. When the timer expires, the route is flushed from the route table. This process allows an unreachable route to remain in the routing table long enough for neighbors to be notified of its status.

 

6 Why is a random timer associated with triggered updates? What is the range of this timer?

A:The random timer, whose range is one to five seconds, prevents a "storm" of triggered updates during a topology change.

 

7 What is the difference between a RIP Request message and a RIP Response message?

A:A Request message asks a router for an update. A Response message is an update.

 

8 Which two types of Request messages does RIP use?

A:A Request message might either ask for a full update, or in some special cases, it might ask for specific routes.

 

9 Under what circumstances will a RIP response be sent?

A:A Response is sent when the update timer expires, or upon reception of a Request message.

 

10 Why does RIP hide subnets at major network boundaries?

A:RIP updates do not include the subnet mask of the destination address, so a RIP router depends on the subnet masks of its own interfaces to determine how an attached major network address is subnetted. If a router does not have an p_w_upload to a particular major network address, it has no way to know how that major network is subnetted. Therefore, no subnets of a major network address can be advertised into another major network.