java邮件发送_【已实测通过】JavaMail常用的几种邮件发送方式

前言

关于JavaMail发送邮件的代码，网上随便搜搜就可以找到，但是要么写得简单且没有注释解释，要么写得复杂又非常杂乱。由于项目需要，花了一段时间搜集网上各类案例，熟悉JavaMail邮件发送涉及的配置，取其精华去其糟粕。在功能测试正常可用的前提下，对代码的排版和注释进行梳理调整，提炼出符合自己要求的功能代码，现将它分享给大家，希望大家少走弯路，提高开发效率。代码测试过程出现的问题，请参看《JavaMail邮件发送成功但未收到邮件的问题及解决办法》和《使用geronimo-javamail_1.4发送邮件的有关说明》分析解决。

主要类及功能

1、EmailAuthenticator类：继承Authenticator类的账号密码验证器，主要用于创建邮件会话时调用。

2、EmailSendInfo类：邮件参数信息设置，参数包括账号、密码、SMTP服务器地址和服务端口等。

3、EmailSender类：电子邮件发送器，包含各种邮件发送方法，如文本形式、HTML形式和含附件形式等。

注：请到Oracle官网下载JavaMail的jar包，提供以下参考下载地址：

EmailAuthenticator类

import javax.mail.*;

public class EmailAuthenticator extends Authenticator{

private String userName;

private String password;

public EmailAuthenticator(){}

public EmailAuthenticator(String username, String password) {

this.userName = username;

this.password = password;

}

protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){

return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);

}

public String getUserName() {

return userName;

}

public void setUserName(String userName) {

this.userName = userName;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

}

EmailSendInfo类

import java.util.Properties;

public class EmailSendInfo {

// 发送邮件的服务器的IP和端口

private String mailServerHost;

private String mailServerPort = "25";

// 邮件发送者的地址

private String fromAddress;

// 邮件接收者的地址

private String toAddress;

// 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名和密码

private String userName;

private String password;

// 是否需要身份验证

private boolean validate = false;

// 邮件主题

private String subject;

// 邮件的文本内容

private String content;

// 邮件附件的文件名

private String[] attachFileNames;

/**

* 获得邮件会话属性

*/

public Properties getProperties() {

Properties p = new Properties();

p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost);

p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort);

p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");

return p;

}

public String getMailServerHost() {

return mailServerHost;

}

public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) {

this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;

}

public String getMailServerPort() {

return mailServerPort;

}

public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) {

this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;

}

public boolean isValidate() {

return validate;

}

public void setValidate(boolean validate) {

this.validate = validate;

}

public String[] getAttachFileNames() {

return attachFileNames;

}

public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) {

this.attachFileNames = fileNames;

}

public String getFromAddress() {

return fromAddress;

}

public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {

this.fromAddress = fromAddress;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

public String getToAddress() {

return toAddress;

}

public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {

this.toAddress = toAddress;

}

public String getUserName() {

return userName;

}

public void setUserName(String userName) {

this.userName = userName;

}

public String getSubject() {

return subject;

}

public void setSubject(String subject) {

this.subject = subject;

}

public String getContent() {

return content;

}

public void setContent(String textContent) {

this.content = textContent;

}

}

EmailSender类

为了方面大家阅读，我将EmailSender类的内容进行了拆分，测试使用只需要将下面内容组合就可。其中main方法中的部分参数信息需要自行设置，请勿直接粘贴测试。

import配置

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;

import javax.activation.FileDataSource;

import javax.mail.Address;

import javax.mail.BodyPart;

import javax.mail.Message;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;

import javax.mail.Multipart;

import javax.mail.Session;

import javax.mail.Transport;

import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

用于测试的main方法

public static void main(String[] args) {

String fromaddr = "XXX@sohu.com";

String toaddr = "XXX@sohu.com";

// String title = "【测试标题】Testing Subject-myself-TEXT";

// String title = "【测试标题】Testing Subject-myself-HTML";

// String title = "【测试标题】Testing Subject-myself-eml文件";

String title = "【测试标题】Testing Subject-myself-eml文件_含多个附件";

String content = "【测试内容】Hello, this is sample for to check send email using JavaMailAPI ";

String port = "25";

String host = "smtp.sohu.com";

String userName = "XXX@sohu.com";

String password = "XXX";

EmailSendInfo mailInfo = new EmailSendInfo();

mailInfo.setMailServerHost(host);

mailInfo.setMailServerPort(port);

mailInfo.setValidate(true);

mailInfo.setUserName(userName);

mailInfo.setPassword(password);

mailInfo.setFromAddress(fromaddr);

mailInfo.setToAddress(toaddr);

mailInfo.setSubject(title);

mailInfo.setContent(content);

mailInfo.setAttachFileNames(new String[]{"file/XXX.jpg","file/XXX.txt"});

//发送文体格式邮件

// EmailSender.sendTextMail(mailInfo);

//发送html格式邮件

// EmailSender.sendHtmlMail(mailInfo);

//发送含附件的邮件

EmailSender.sendAttachmentMail(mailInfo);

//读取eml文件发送

// File emailFile = new File("file/EML_myself-eml.eml");

// File emailFile = new File("file/EML_reademl-eml文件_含文本附件.eml");

// File emailFile = new File("file/EML_reademl-eml文件_含图片附件.eml");

// File emailFile = new File("file/EML_reademl-eml文件_含多个附件.eml");

// EmailSender.sendMail(mailInfo, emailFile);

}

以文本格式发送邮件

public static boolean sendTextMail(EmailSendInfo mailInfo) {

boolean sendStatus = false;//发送状态

// 判断是否需要身份认证

EmailAuthenticator authenticator = null;

Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();

if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {

// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器

authenticator = new EmailAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());

}

// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session

Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, authenticator);

//【调试时使用】开启Session的debug模式

sendMailSession.setDebug(true);

try {

// 根据session创建一个邮件消息

MimeMessage mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);

// 创建邮件发送者地址

Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());

// 设置邮件消息的发送者

mailMessage.setFrom(from);

// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中

Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());

mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);

// 设置邮件消息的主题

mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject(), "UTF-8");

// 设置邮件消息发送的时间

mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());

// 设置邮件消息的主要内容

String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();

mailMessage.setText(mailContent, "UTF-8");

// mailMessage.saveChanges();

//生成邮件文件

createEmailFile("file/EML_myself-TEXT.eml", mailMessage);

// 发送邮件

Transport.send(mailMessage);

sendStatus = true;

} catch (MessagingException ex) {

LOG.error("以文本格式发送邮件出现异常", ex);

return sendStatus;

}

return sendStatus;

}

以HTML格式发送邮件

public static boolean sendHtmlMail(EmailSendInfo mailInfo){

boolean sendStatus = false;//发送状态

// 判断是否需要身份认证

EmailAuthenticator authenticator = null;

Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();

//如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器

if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {

authenticator = new EmailAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());

}

// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session

Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro,authenticator);

//【调试时使用】开启Session的debug模式

sendMailSession.setDebug(true);

try {

// 根据session创建一个邮件消息

Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);

// 创建邮件发送者地址

Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());

// 设置邮件消息的发送者

mailMessage.setFrom(from);

// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中

Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());

// Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO

mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);

// 设置邮件消息的主题

mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());

// 设置邮件消息发送的时间

mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());

// 设置邮件内容

mailMessage.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html;charset=utf-8");

//生成邮件文件

createEmailFile("file/EML_myself-HTML.eml", mailMessage);

// 发送邮件

Transport.send(mailMessage);

sendStatus = true;

} catch (MessagingException ex) {

LOG.error("以HTML格式发送邮件出现异常", ex);

return sendStatus;

}

return sendStatus;

}

读取eml文件后发送邮件

public static boolean sendMail(EmailSendInfo mailInfo, File emailFile) {

boolean sendStatus = false;//发送状态

// 判断是否需要身份认证

EmailAuthenticator authenticator = null;

Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();

if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {

// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器

authenticator = new EmailAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());

}

// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session

Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, authenticator);

//【调试时使用】开启Session的debug模式

sendMailSession.setDebug(true);

try {

InputStream source = new FileInputStream(emailFile);

// 根据session创建一个邮件消息

Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession, source);

// 发送邮件

Transport.send(mailMessage);

//【重要】关闭输入流，否则会导致文件无法移动或删除

source.close();

sendStatus = true;

} catch (MessagingException e) {

LOG.error("以文本格式发送邮件出现异常", e);

return sendStatus;

} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

LOG.error("FileNotFoundException", e);

return sendStatus;

} catch (Exception e) {

LOG.error("Exception", e);

return sendStatus;

}

return sendStatus;

}

以含附件形式发送邮件

public static boolean sendAttachmentMail(EmailSendInfo mailInfo) {

boolean sendStatus = false;//发送状态

// 判断是否需要身份认证

EmailAuthenticator authenticator = null;

Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();

if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {

// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器

authenticator = new EmailAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());

}

// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session

Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, authenticator);

//【调试时使用】开启Session的debug模式

sendMailSession.setDebug(true);

try {

// 根据session创建一个邮件消息

MimeMessage mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);

// 创建邮件发送者地址

Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());

// 设置邮件消息的发送者

mailMessage.setFrom(from);

// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中

Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());

mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);

// 设置邮件消息的主题

mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject(), "UTF-8");

// 设置邮件消息发送的时间

mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());

// 设置邮件消息的主要内容

String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();

// MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象

Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();

// 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart

BodyPart bodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();

//设置TEXT内容

// bodyPart.setText(mailInfo.getContent());

// 设置HTML内容

bodyPart.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");

mainPart.addBodyPart(bodyPart);

//设置附件

String[] filenames = mailInfo.getAttachFileNames();

for (int i = 0; i < filenames.length; i++) {

// Part two is attachment

bodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();

String filename = filenames[i];//1.txt/sohu_mail.jpg

// DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);

FileDataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);

bodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));

bodyPart.setFileName(source.getName());

mainPart.addBodyPart(bodyPart);

}

// 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容

mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);

//生成邮件文件

createEmailFile("file/EML_reademl-eml文件_含多个附件.eml", mailMessage);

// 发送邮件

Transport.send(mailMessage);

sendStatus = true;

} catch (MessagingException ex) {

LOG.error("以文本格式发送邮件出现异常", ex);

return sendStatus;

}

return sendStatus;

}

生成邮件文件

public static void createEmailFile(String fileName, Message mailMessage)

throws MessagingException {

File f = new File(fileName);

try {

mailMessage.writeTo(new FileOutputStream(f));

} catch (IOException e) {

LOG.error("IOException", e);

}

}