登陆远程kvm_linux怎样启动远程kvm图形界面

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2016-10-26 回答

使用VNC软件：

Linux下VNC配置详解，以下配置为配置VNC详细介绍。并解决了用VNC View登入发现画面是灰色的问题

1. Linux下VNC的配置

首先在Linux的add/remove applications中的system tools下面安装VNC-server服务安装完成后直接输入vncserver 会出现以下内容:

passwd: //只有这个帐号是第一次运行vncserver，才会要求你输入连接的密码。

verify:

New 'server1.linux:4 (demo)' desktop is server1.linux:1

Starting applications specified in /home/.vnc/xstartup

Log file is /home/.vnc/server1.linux:1.log

上面这段话表示起动了一个图形终端，编号为1,要记住这个编号，等下登录时需要提供这个编号。第一次启动VNC一定要先直接输入vncserver。如果你要停止这个进程，使用命令

vncserver -kill :1

启动后就可以在客户端上面输入IP加刚才提到的那个编号即可登陆机器(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx：1) 看到一个灰色的Xwindow桌面但上面什么也没有

运行过一次VNSERVER后会在HOME目录下面生成一个.VNC文件夹(在开始启动的时候可看到该文件夹的位置)注：该目录为隐藏，可直接输入路径进入。修改xstartup文件，去掉unset SESSION_MANAGER 和exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc 前面的注释符号，将最后一行twm & 改成 gnome-session &

vi /root/.vnc/xstartup

#!/bin/sh

# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:

# unset SESSION_MANAGER //此行注释去掉

# exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc //此行注释去掉

[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup

[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources

xsetroot -solid grey

vncconfig -iconic &

xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &

twm & //改成 gnome-session &

重新启动VNCSERVER即可

2、VNC的启动/停止/重启

#service vncserver start/stop/restart

关闭具体的vncserver命令：

vncserver -kill :1

vncserver -kill :2

3、设置密码

#vncpasswd

4、客户端登陆

在vnc客户端中输入：服务器端IP：1或服务器端IP：2

5、设置登陆到KDE桌面

注：很多情况下，提示VNC无法连接，或者提示10086错误都是没有修改vncservers文件的问题，所以编辑该文件修改

# VNCSERVERS="1:myusername"

# VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 800x600"

这两行问题一般都可以解决。

a.

[root@CentOS ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/vncservers

# # Uncomment the line below to start a VNC server on display :1 # as my 'myusername' (adjust this to your own). You will also # need to set a VNC password; run 'man vncpasswd' to see how # to do that. # # DO NOT RUN THIS SERVICE if your local area network is # untrusted! For a secure way of using VNC, see # .http://www.uk.research.att.com/vnc/sshvnc.html

# VNCSERVERS="1:myusername"

VNCSERVERS="1:root"

# VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 800x600"

VNCSERVERARGS[1]=”-geometry 800×600 -alwaysshared -depth 24″

-alwaysshared代表允许多用户同时登录 -depth代为色深，参数有8,16,24,32。

注：红色部分就是被修改或增加的部分

b.

[root@centos .vnc]$ vi /root/.vnc/xstartup #!/bin/sh

# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:

unset SESSION_MANAGER exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc

[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup [ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources xsetroot -solid grey vncconfig -iconic & xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" & #gnome-session & #set starting GNOME desktop startkde kde desktop

#twm &

#Text interface

注：红色部分就是被修改或增加的部分

c.

重启VNC即可。

vnc安装 Oracle:

出现错误提示：“Xlib: connection to ":1.0" refused by server”

如下处理：

实用技巧：在Linux下设置xhost方法步骤

source:http://www.knowsky.com/397544.html

第一步：用root登陆linux，启动vnc服务；

第二步：根据vnc起来的端口，设置export DISPLAY=localhost:1(1表示vnc在第一个tty上启动的)，vnc的启动信息见附件1；

第三步：执行xhost +，并且提示“access control disabled, clients can connect from any host”才正确。

Linux下的操作日志如下：

[root@localhost ~]# vncserverNew 'localhost:1 (root)' desktop is localhost:1Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartupLog file is /root/.vnc/localhost:1.log[root@localhost ~]# export DISPLAY=localhost:1 [root@localhost ~]# xhost +access control disabled, clients can connect from any host

在设置xhost时，出现了unable的问题。

使用上诉方法就可以搞定。

一下为我以root身份登录的配置文件

[root@PC-223-CE ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/vncservers

# The VNCSERVERS variable is a list of display:user pairs.

#

# Uncomment the lines below to start a VNC server on display :2

# as my 'myusername' (adjust this to your own). You will also

# need to set a VNC password; run 'man vncpasswd' to see how

# to do that.

#

# DO NOT RUN THIS SERVICE if your local area network is

# untrusted! For a secure way of using VNC, see

# .

# VNCSERVERS="2:myusername"

# VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 800x600"

VNCSERVERS="1:root"

VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 800x600 -alwaysshared -depth 24"

~

[root@PC-223-CE ~]# vi /root/.vnc/xstartup

#!/bin/sh

# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:

# unset SESSION_MANAGER

# exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc

xrdb $HOME/.Xresources

# [ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup

# [ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources

xsetroot -solid grey

# vncconfig -iconic &

xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &

# twm &

gnome-session &

~

更改完后保存，重新启动VNC即可

3.多个用户登录

linux的VNC可以实现多个用户同时链接.方法如下

su 用户名

vncserver (这里就是第二个用户了)

第三个用户是

su 用户名

vncserver

添加完后需要在/etc/sysconfig/vncserver里面添加这个用户,不然就会出现登录后都是灰色的

另外还需要 修改用户目录下的.vnc/xstartup文件

例:我的电脑上已经有一个root用户,此时我还需要ocmSUSEr这个用户可以VNC登录

[root@linuxidc~]# su ocmsuser

[ocmsuser@linuxidcroot]$ vncserver

You will require a password to access your desktops.

Password:

Verify:

New 'ywei:2 (ocmsuser)' desktop is ywei:2

Creating default startup script /home/ocmsuser/.vnc/xstartup

Starting applications specified in /home/ocmsuser/.vnc/xstartup

Log file is /home/ocmsuser/.vnc/ywei:2.log

[ocmsuser@linuxidcroot]$ su - root

Password:

[root@linuxidc~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/vncservers

The VNCSERVERS variable is a list of display:user pairs.

#

# Uncomment the lines below to start a VNC server on display :2

# as my 'myusername' (adjust this to your own). You will also

# need to set a VNC password; run 'man vncpasswd' to see how

# to do that.

#

# DO NOT RUN THIS SERVICE if your local area network is

# untrusted! For a secure way of using VNC, see

# .

# Use "-nolisten tcp" to prevent X connections to your VNC server via TCP.

# Use "-nohttpd" to prevent web-based VNC clients connecting.

# Use "-localhost" to prevent remote VNC clients connecting except when

# doing so through a secure tunnel. See the "-via" option in the

# `man vncviewer' manual page.

VNCSERVERS="1:root"

VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 1280x800 -alwaysshared -depth 24"

VNCSERVERS="2:ocmsuser"

VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 1280x800 -alwaysshared -depth 24"

~

[root@linuxidc~]# cat /root/.vnc/xstartup

#!/bin/sh

# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:

unset SESSION_MANAGER

exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc

[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup

[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources

xsetroot -solid grey

vncconfig -iconic &

xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &

twm &

[root@linuxidc~]# cat /home/ocmsuser/.vnc/xstartup

#!/bin/sh

# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:

# unset SESSION_MANAGER

# exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc

[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup

[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources

xsetroot -solid grey

vncconfig -iconic &

xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &

twm &

[root@linuxidc~]# cp /home/ocmsuser/.vnc/xstartup /home/ocmsuser/.vnc/xstartup.bak

[root@linuxidc~]# cp /root/.vnc/xstartup /home/ocmsuser/.vnc/xstartup

cp: overwrite `/home/ocmsuser/.vnc/xstartup'? yes

[root@linuxidc~]# service vncserver restart

Shutting down VNC server: 2:ocmsuser [ OK ]

Starting VNC server: 2:ocmsuser

New 'ywei:2 (ocmsuser)' desktop is ywei:2

Starting applications specified in /home/ocmsuser/.vnc/xstartup

Log file is /home/ocmsuser/.vnc/ywei:2.log

[ OK ]