apache+tomcat的架构

===================================

keepalived实现apache的高可用

在tomcat上搭建JspRun论坛

apache三种方式实现tomcat的反向代理

apache三种方式实现tomcat的负载均衡

===================================

环境：

OS：Centos 6.x(redhat 6.x)

yum源:

[centos]
name=sohu-centos
baseurl=http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch
gpgcheck=1
enable=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
[epel]
name=sohu-epel
baseurl=http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/$releasever/$basearch/
enable=1
gpgcheck=0


拓扑图：

205910806.png


拓扑图的规划：


IP 地址

所需安装软件

apache1

Eth0:172.16.22.1

VIP1：172.16.22.100

Keepalived+apache+tomcat-connectors

apache2

Eth0:172.16.22.2

VIP1：172.16.22.100

Keepalived+apache+tomcat-connectors

tomcat1

Eth0:172.16.22.3

Jdk+tomcat+mysql-connector-java

tomcat2

Eth0:172.16.22.4

Jdk+tomcat+mysql-connector-java

mysql1

Eth0:172.16.22.5

VIP2：172.16.22.200

Corosync+pacemaker+Mysql+drbd

mysql2

Eth0:172.16.22.6

VIP2：172.16.22.200

Corosync+pacemaker+Mysql+drbd

部分软件下载


需解决的问题：

防止apache单点故障?

keepalived+apache实现apache的高可用

防止mysql单点故障?

corosync+pacemaker+mysql+drbd实现mysql的高可用

apache做tomcat反向代理的三种方式？

用三种模块mod_proxy、mod_proxy_ajp、mod_jk，需要用哪种就开启哪种的模块即可

apache做tomcat负载均衡的三种方式？

用三种模块mod_proxy、mod_proxy_ajp、mod_jk，需要用哪种就开启哪种的模块且还要开启负载均衡的模块，以及负载均衡算法的模块

apache怎么连接tomcat?

mod_proxy模块

mod_proxy_ajp模块

前面两种模块直接在配置文件里面加载即可，就可以连接tomcat

mod_jk模块 用这个模块还要安装apache连接tomcat的连接器，tomcat-connectors这个软件包

tomcat怎么连接mysql?

每个连接mysql的软件包都要安装相应的连接mysql的驱动，tomcat连接mysql的驱动的软件包是mysql-connector-java

怎么实现session的会话保持？

实现session会话保持的方法有很多，tomcat自身也可以保持session，这种保持会话就是运维人员的工作了，运维人员直接在tomcat的配置文件中实现，用memcached或者redis保持session，memcached保持session有一定的缺陷，即memcached服务挂了，会话还是丢失了，但是memcached直接把session保存在内存中，所以速度可想而知，redis可以永久的保存session，这种保存session需要开发人员在开发中程序中自己定义，还有可以把session保存在数据库中，这种也是需要用程序定义，session如何保存，不同公司有不同的方法，保存在哪里还是需要运维人员和开发人员共同探讨合作。



一、每个服务器相关软件的安装

apache1上相关软件的安装：

#================yum安装keepalived======================================
[root@jie1 ~]# yum -y install keepalived
#================源码编译安装httpd-2.4.6================================
[root@jie1 ~]# tar xf apr-1.4.6.tar.bz2
[root@jie1 ~]# tar xf apr-util-1.5.2.tar.bz2
[root@jie1 ~]# tar xf httpd-2.4.6.tar.bz2
#===========安装开发库，和依赖性包======================================
[root@jie1 ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Development tools" "Server Platform Development"
[root@jie1 ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel
#=============编译安装apr软件===========================================
[root@jie1 ~]# cd apr-1.4.6
[root@jie1 apr-1.4.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr && make && make install
#================编译安装apr-util软件包=================================
[root@jie1 ~]# cd apr-util-1.5.2
[root@jie1 apr-util-1.5.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr && make && make install
#=================编译安装httpd的软件包================================
[root@jie1 ~]# cd httpd-2.4.6
[root@jie1 httpd-2.4.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache  --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event  && make && make install
#============复制源码包里面提供的httpd的SystemV脚本=====================
[root@jie1 ~]# cp httpd-2.4.6/build/rpm/httpd.init  /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd 
[root@jie1 ~]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
#==============vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd =============================
prog=httpd
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/usr/local/apache/logs/${prog}.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/${prog}}
RETVAL=0
# check for 1.3 configuration
check13 () {
        CONFFILE=/usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]# service httpd start
Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
[root@jie1 ~]# chkconfig --add httpd
[root@jie1 ~]# chkconfig httpd on
#==============编译安装使用mod_jk模块连接tomcat的连接器=================
[root@jie1 ~]# tar xf tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src.tar.gz
[root@jie1 ~]# cd tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src/native/ 
[root@jie1 native]# ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs && make && make install


apache2：与apache1要安装相关的软件、安装方法都是一样的，这里不再赘述


tomcat1上相关软件的安装：

[root@jie3 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg              jdk-7u9-linux-x64.rpm
apache-tomcat-7.0.42.tar.gz  JspRun!_6.0.0_GBK.zip
install.log                  mysql-connector-java-5.1.16.tar.gz
install.log.syslog      
#===================安装jdk，修改环境变量=========================
[root@jie3 ~]# rpm -ivh jdk-7u9-linux-x64.rpm
[root@jie3 ~]# vim/etc/profile.d/java.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/latest
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
[root@jie3 ~]# source /etc/profile.d/java.sh
#===================安装tomcat，修改环境变量=====================
[root@jie3 ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-7.0.42.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@jie3 ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@jie3 local]#ln -sv apache-tomcat-7.0.42   tomcat
[root@jie3 local]# vim /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
export PATH=$CATALINA_HOME/bin:$PATH
[root@jie3 local]# source /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
#==================安装连接mysql的驱动===========================
[root@jie3 local]# cd /root/
[root@jie3 ~]# tar xf mysql-connector-java-5.1.16.tar.gz
[root@jie3 ~]# cd mysql-connector-java-5.1.16
[root@jie3 mysql-connector-java-5.1.16]# cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.16-bin.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib/


tomcat2：与tomcat1安装相关的软件、安装方法都是一样的，这里也不再赘述



mysql1与mysql2就是用corosync+pacemaker+mysql+drbd实现mysql的高可用，这里不做详细的安装 请点击这里(详解mysql的高可用)


二、keepalived实现apache的高可用

apache1的配置：

#=====================修改keepalived的配置实现httpd的高可用===========
[root@jie1 ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/
[root@jie1 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
   notification_email {
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_httpd {
     script "killall -0 httpd"
     interval 0
     weghit -2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 22
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        172.16.22.100
    }
    track_script {
       chk_httpd
}
}
#====================copy配置文件到apache2上面========================
[root@jie1 keepalived]#scp keepalived.conf 172.16.22.2:/etc/keepalived
[root@jie1 keepalived]# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived:                                       [  OK  ]
[root@jie1 keepalived]# chkconfig --add keepalived
[root@jie1 keepalived]# chkconfig keepalived on


apache2的相关配置：

#=====================修改来着apache1的keepalived的配置文件===========
[root@jie2 ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/
[root@jie2 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf
    state BACKUP
    priority 99
[root@jie2 keepalived]# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived:                                       [  OK  ]
[root@jie2 keepalived]# chkconfig --add keepalived
[root@jie2 keepalived]# chkconfig keepalived on


测试apache的高可用：

#=============查看vip在apache1节点上=================================
[root@jie1 conf]# ip addr show | grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    inet 172.16.22.1/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0
    inet 172.16.22.100/32 scope global eth0  #===vip为172.16.22.100==
#===========杀死httpd的服务进程，发现vip已经漂移=================
[root@jie1 conf]# killall httpd
[root@jie1 conf]# ip addr show | grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    inet 172.16.22.1/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0
#=============查看vip已经漂移到apache2节点上=======================
[root@jie2 ~]# ip addr show | grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    inet 172.16.22.1/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0
    inet 172.16.22.100/32 scope global eth0
#=======在apache1上面重新开启http服务，vip已经重新漂移到apache1上=====
[root@jie1 conf]# service httpd start
Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
[root@jie1 conf]# ip addr show | grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    inet 172.16.22.1/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0
    inet 172.16.22.100/32 scope global eth0
[root@jie1 conf]#

成功测试，当apache服务的进程死掉后，vip可以漂移


三、tomcat服务器测试与mysql的连接

tomcat1的配置：

[root@jie3 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
[root@jie3 conf]# vim server.xml
#=================tomcat，server.xml的部分相关配置===================
<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
              connectionTimeout="20000"
              redirectPort="8443" />
#监听的端口改为了80
   <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
   <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.test.com" >
#defaultHost把默认的localhost改为了新建的主机名
     <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
       <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
              resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
     </Realm>
     <Host name="www.test.com"  appBase="/tomcat/test"
           unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
           <Context path="" docBase="/tomcat/test" />
#新建了一个虚拟主机，站点和网页文件存放在/tomcat/test目录下
       <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
              prefix="test_access_log." suffix=".txt"
              pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />
     </Host>
   </Engine>
================================部分配置文件==========================
#=========利用catalina重启tomcat===========================
[root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
[root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
#==============创建网页根目录和测试连接数据库的网页文件===============
#===============博主只是测试了tomcat1上的，各位朋友也可以测试tomcat2上
[root@jie3 conf]#mkdir -pv /tomcat/test
[root@jie3 conf]# cd /tomcat/test/
[root@jie3 test]# vim test.jsp
<%@ page language="java" %>
<%@ page import="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" %>
<%@ page import="java.sql.*" %>
<%
String driverName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String userName="jie";
String userPasswd="jie123";
String dbName="test";
String url="jdbc:mysql://172.16.22.200/"+dbName+"?user="+userName+"&password="+userPasswd;
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
try
{
        Connection connection=DriverManager.getConnection(url);
        out.println("TomcatA, tomcat connect mysql is ok!");
        connection.close();
}
catch( Exception e )
{
        out.println( "connent mysql error:" + e );
}
%>
======================================================================
#==============在mysql上授权能访问数据库的网段==============
[root@jie4 ~]# mysql
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'jie'@'172.16.%.%' identified by 'jie123';
mysql> flush privileges;

测试新建的test.jsp测试文件是否可以mysql的连接

230005209.png

测试tomcat连接数据库is ok！


在tomcat安装Jsprun论坛

#=================解压论坛，把论坛的文件存放到网页存放路径中=============
[root@jie3 ~]# unzip JspRun\!_6.0.0_GBK.zip
[root@jie3 ~]#mkdir  -pv /tomcat/bbs
[root@jie3 ~]#cp -rp upload/* /tomcat/bbs/
[root@jie3 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
[root@jie3 conf]# vim server.xml
#=================tomcat，server.xml的部分相关配置===================
<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
              connectionTimeout="20000"
              redirectPort="8443" />
#之前已经把监听的端口改为了80
   <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
   <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.bbs.com" >
#defaultHost改为新建的论坛的虚拟主机名
     <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
       <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
              resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
     </Realm>
     <Host name="www.test.com"  appBase="/tomcat/bbs"
           unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
           <Context path="" docBase="/tomcat/bbs" />
#再新建了一个虚拟主机，站点和网页文件存放在/tomcat/bbs目录下
       <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
              prefix="test_access_log." suffix=".txt"
              pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />
     </Host>
   </Engine>
#===默认的虚拟主机还有www.test.com的虚拟主机的配置文件没给予显示
================================部分配置文件==========================
#=========利用catalina重启tomcat===========================
[root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
[root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
=======================================================================
#==================在数据库上面创建，Jsprun论坛的数据库=============
[root@jie4 ~]# mysql
mysql> create database jsprun;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> grant all on jsprun.* to 'jspuser'@'172.16.%.%' identified by 'jspmypass';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

用浏览器安装Jsprun论坛

231342220.png

232051632.png

232153662.png


232222909.png

232326140.png论坛已经安装成功


四、apache三种方式实现tomcat的反向代理

1)mod_proxy

apache1&apache2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样

[root@jie1 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#==========开启相应的模块，然后添加以下参数============================
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy *>
   Order deny,allow
   Allow from all
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / http://172.16.22.3:80/
ProxyPa***everse / http://172.16.22.3:80/
======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd:                                           [  OK  ]
[root@jie1 ~]#scp  /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/    #把配置文件copy到apache2上

tomcat1&tomcat2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样

两边都需要创建/tomcat/test目录和index.jsp文件

两边的配置文件都必须一样

[root@jie3 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
[root@jie3 conf]# vim server.xml
#=================tomcat，server.xml的部分相关配置===================
<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
              connectionTimeout="20000"
              redirectPort="8443" />
#监听的端口改为了80
   <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
   <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.test.com" >
#defaultHost把默认的localhost改为了新建的主机名
     <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
       <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
              resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
     </Realm>
     <Host name="www.test.com"  appBase="/tomcat/test"
           unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
           <Context path="" docBase="/tomcat/test" />
#新建了一个虚拟主机，站点和网页文件存放在/tomcat/test目录下
       <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
              prefix="test_access_log." suffix=".txt"
              pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />
     </Host>
   </Engine>
================================部分配置文件==========================
#=========利用catalina重启tomcat===========================
[root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
[root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
#==============创建网页根目录和测试连接数据库的网页文件===============
[root@jie3 conf]#mkdir -pv /tomcat/test
[root@jie3 conf]# cd /tomcat/test/
[root@jie3 test]# vim index.jsp
#=============测试页面==============================================
<%@ page language="java" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.*" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>JSP test page.</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <% out.println("Hello,tomcat1,jie3!"); %>
  </body>
</html>

博主只测试了tomcat1的反向代理

235626111.png


2)mod_proxy_ajp

apache1&apache2的配置：

只需小小修改apache的配置文件中

[root@jie1 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#==========开启相应的模块，然后添加以下参数============================
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy *>
   Order deny,allow
   Allow from all
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / ajp://172.16.22.4:8009/
ProxyPa***everse / ajp://172.16.22.4:8009/
======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd:                                           [  OK  ]
[root@jie1 ~]#scp  /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/    #把配置文件copy到apache2上

tomcat1&tomcat2不需要修改

博主只测试了tomcat2的反向代理

000150238.png

3)mod_jk

之前已经说过，apache要使用mod_jk模块做tomcat的反向代理则必须安装连接tomcat的连接器，连接器已经安装

apache1&apache2的配置：

[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#=========注释掉之前开启的模块，然后添加把之前用mod_proxy的模块添加的内容也注释掉，只添加一句=====================
#LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
#LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
#LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
Include /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
[root@jie1 extra]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
LoadModule  jk_module  modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile  /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
JkLogFile  logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel  debug
JkMount  /*  TomcatA
JkMount  /status/  stat1
[root@jie1 extra]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
worker.list=TomcatA,stat1
worker.TomcatA.port=8009
worker.TomcatA.host=172.16.22.3
worker.TomcatA.type=ajp13
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1
worker.stat1.type = status
[root@jie1 extra]#
[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
#=========
Include /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
[root@jie1 extra]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
LoadModule  jk_module  modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile  /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
JkLogFile  logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel  debug
JkMount  /*  TomcatA
JkMount  /status/  stat1
[root@jie1 extra]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
worker.list=TomcatA,stat1
worker.TomcatA.port=8009
worker.TomcatA.host=172.16.22.3
worker.TomcatA.type=ajp13
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1
worker.stat1.type = status
[root@jie1 extra]#

tomcat1&tomcat2不需要修改

测试mod_jk模式为tomcat1反向代理

094736522.png

自此apache三种方式实现反向代理已经ok了


五、apache三种方式实现tomcat的负载均衡

三种反向代理与三种负载均衡都是以这三种模块mod_proxy、mod_proxy_ajp、mod_jk，只不过每种方式都需要用到负载均衡的模块

1)mod_proxy

apache1&apache2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样


[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#=======================开启这些模块，和添加以下内容===================
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so
LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyVia On
ProxyPreserveHost On
ProxyRequests Off
<proxy balancer://jie>
BalancerMember ajp://172.16.22.3:8009/  loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA
BalancerMember ajp://172.16.22.4:8009/  loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA
ProxySet  lbmethod=bytraffic
</proxy>
ProxyPass / balancer://jie/ stickysession=jsessionid
ProxyPa***everse / balancer://jie/
=======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd:                                           [  OK  ]
[root@jie1 ~]#scp  /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/    #把配置文件copy到apache2上

tomcat1&tomcat2上的配置：两边的配置基本都是一样

#==================tomcat1的配置文件修改=================================
[root@jie3 conf]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml 
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.test.com" jvmRoute="TomcatA">
#==================tomcat2的配置文件修改================================
[root@jie4 conf]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml 
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.test.com" jvmRoute="TomcatB">

测试mod_proxy的负载均衡

100050706.png

100114870.png


1)mod_proxy_ajp

apache1&apache2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样


[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#=======================开启这些模块，和添加以下内容===================
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so
LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyVia On
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy balancer://jie>
BalancerMember http://172.16.22.3:80/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA
BalancerMember http://172.16.22.4:80/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatB
ProxySet  lbmethod=bytraffic
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / balancer://jie/
ProxyPa***everse / balancer://jie/
<Proxy *>
Require all granted
</Proxy>
<Location  / >
Require all granted
</Location>
=======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd:                                           [  OK  ]
[root@jie1 ~]#scp  /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/    #把配置文件copy到apache2上

tomcat1&tomcat2上不用修改

测试mod_proxy_ajp模块的负载均衡

101308487.png

101329775.png


3)mod_jk

apache1&apache2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样

[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#=========注释掉一些之前开启的模块，然后添加把之前用mod_proxy的模块添加的内容也注释掉，只添加一句=====================
#LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
#LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
#LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so
LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so
LoadModule lbmethod_bytraffic_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bytraffic.so
Include /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
[root@jie1 extra]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
========================================
LoadModule  jk_module  modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile  /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
JkLogFile  logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel  debug
JkMount  /*  jie
JkMount  /jkstatus/  stat1
========================================
[root@jie1 extra]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
========================================
worker.list = jie,stat1
worker.TomcatA.type = ajp13
worker.TomcatA.host = 172.16.22.3
worker.TomcatA.port = 8009
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor = 5
worker.TomcatB.type = ajp13
worker.TomcatB.host = 172.16.22.4
worker.TomcatB.port = 8009
worker.TomcatB.lbfactor = 5
worker.jie.type = lb
worker.jie.method = R
worker.jie.sticky_session = 0
worker.jie.balance_workers = TomcatA, TomcatB
worker.stat1.type = status
========================================
[root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd:                                           [  OK  ]
#==================可以把修改的这些文件复制到apache2上=================

tomcat1&tomcat2上的配置文件不必修改，在新建一个测试页

[root@jie3 conf]# cd /tomcat/test/
[root@jie3 test]# vim session.jsp
#=======================session的测试页面==============================
<%@ page language="java" %>
<html>
  <head><title>TomcatA</title></head>
  <body>
    <h1><font color="green">TomcatA </font></h1>
    <table align="centre" border="1">
      <tr>
        <td>Session ID</td>
    <% session.setAttribute("abc","abc"); %>
        <td><%= session.getId() %></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>Created on</td>
        <td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td>
     </tr>
    </table>
  </body>
</html>
========================================================================


测试mod_jk模块的负载均衡

103323243.png

103339584.png


补充：

在apache1&apache2修改配置文件的这个参数


[root@jie1 extra]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties

worker.jie.sticky_session = 0 #实现将用户session与某worker绑定


此参数设置以后，来着同一个IP的访问一段时间内始终代理给后端的同一个tomcat上

测试结果：

104342171.png

此致，apache+tomcat的架构已经完成，请各位博友多多指点