浮动静态路由

实验目的：

1．      使用浮动静态路由实现路由备份

2．      观察动态路由EIGRP与静态路由之间的转换

3．      浮动静态路由本身是静态路由，浮动是指当原来的路由失效才启用该路由，在配置静态路由时需要将其管理距离做相应的调整，使其大于正常使用的其他路由协议获悉的路由。

实验拓扑：


实验配置：

R1# show running-config

interface Loopback0

 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

!

interface Serial0/1

 ip address 16.16.16.1 255.255.255.0

!

interface Ethernet1/1

 ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0

 half-duplex

router eigrp 1

 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

 network 16.16.16.0 0.0.0.255

 no auto-summary（如果不关闭自动汇总，则EIGRP宣告汇总的1.0.0.0/8网络，此时在R6上配置的到1.1.1.0/24的静态路由，EIGRP认为这是2个不同的网络，R6上的静态路由将被认为是普通的静态路由而非浮动静态路由）

ip route 6.6.6.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2 200

 

R6#show running-config

interface Loopback0

 ip address 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.0

interface Serial0/1

 ip address 16.16.16.6 255.255.255.0

 

interface Ethernet1/1

 ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0

 half-duplex

!

router eigrp 1

 network 6.0.0.0

 network 16.16.16.0 0.0.0.255

 no auto-summary

! 

ip route 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1 200

!

实验验证：

R1#sh ip route

Gateway of last resort is not set

         16.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       16.16.16.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

     6.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D       6.6.6.0 [90/2297856] via 16.16.16.6, 00:05:20, Serial0/1

C    192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1

可见在R1的路由表上没有显示到6.6.6.0/24网络的静态路由，如果配置带送出借口的静态路由，路由器会认为该网络是直连的。

R6#sh ip route    

     16.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       16.16.16.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D       1.1.1.0 [90/2297856] via 16.16.16.1, 00:06:38, Serial0/1

     6.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       6.6.6.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

C    192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1

 

在R1上:

R1#ping 6.6.6.6 repeat 1000 在R6上关闭s0/1接口在开启

R1#ping 6.6.6.6 repeat 1000

Sending 1000, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 6.6.6.6, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.......!!!!!!!!!

Jul 20 19:56:49.019: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: Neighbor 16.16.16.6 (Serial0/1) is down: holding time expired!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Jul 20 19:56:58.971: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: Neighbor 16.16.16.6 (Serial0/1) is up: new adjacency!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!

Jul 20 19:57:03.051: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to down

Jul 20 19:57:03.179: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: Neighbor 16.16.16.6 (Serial0/1) is down: interface down!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Jul 20 19:57:12.543: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: Neighbor 16.16.16.6 (Serial0/1) is up: new adjacency

Jul 20 19:57:13.051: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to up!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Success rate is 99 percent (992/1000), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/44/208 ms在R6上:

 R6(config)#int s0/1

R6(config-if)#sh

R6#sh ip route

 

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

S       1.1.1.0 [200/0] via 192.168.0.1（当s0/1链路失效时就启用备份路由）

     6.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       6.6.6.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

C    192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1