当你打开Safari的时候,输入网址,会有许多候选网址,点击后,自动填充到输入框,进入网页。
打开词典查单词的时候,输入前面部分字母,软件会给出符合的候选单词。
这样做的目的,是为了省去用户繁琐的输入,节省时间,提升用户体验。
先上效果图
今天对基本的UITextField进行改装,让其具备此功能。
新建项目后,在Main.storyboard里,放好UItextField和UIButton。
下一步,使用control+drag将UITextField拖到interface文件里,选择outlet,名为*urlField
同理,UIButton拖进去,选择IBAction,名为goPressed
先引入将要使用的3个委托,两个是UITableView有关,一个用于收回键盘
建立两个Array, pastUrls和autocompleteUrls
建立一个UITableView用于呈现候选数据,下面是interface内代码
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@class WebViewController;
@interface RootViewController : UIViewController <UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource, UITextFieldDelegate>
@property (nonatomic, retain) UITextField *urlField;
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray *pastUrls;
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray *autocompleteUrls;
@property (nonatomic, retain) UITableView *autocompleteTableView;
- (IBAction)goPressed;
- (void)searchAutocompleteEntriesWithSubstring:(NSString *)substring;
@end
pastUrls放入匹配的数据,初始化UITableView,并将其隐藏
- (void)viewDidLoad { self.pastUrls = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"www.google.com", @"www.cnblog.com", nil]; self.autocompleteUrls = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; autocompleteTableView = [[UITableView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 80, 320, 120) style:UITableViewStylePlain]; autocompleteTableView.delegate = self; autocompleteTableView.dataSource = self; autocompleteTableView.scrollEnabled = YES; autocompleteTableView.hidden = YES; [self.view addSubview:autocompleteTableView]; [super viewDidLoad]; }
- (IBAction)goPressed:(id)sender {
// 按下button,收回键盘,隐藏UITableView
[urlField resignFirstResponder];
autocompleteTableView.hidden = YES;
// Add the URL to the list of entered URLS as long as it isn't already there
if (![pastUrls containsObject:urlField.text]) {
[pastUrls addObject:urlField.text];
}
}
- (void)searchAutocompleteEntriesWithSubstring:(NSString *)substring {
// Put anything that starts with this substring into the autocompleteUrls array
// 过滤,剩下符合输入文字的候选
[autocompleteUrls removeAllObjects];
for(NSString *curString in pastUrls) {
NSRange substringRange = [curString rangeOfString:substring];
if (substringRange.location == 0) {
[autocompleteUrls addObject:curString];
}
}
[autocompleteTableView reloadData];
}
#pragma mark UITextFieldDelegate methods
//当用户增,删字符的时候,都会调用此方法
//
- (BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range replacementString:(NSString *)string {
autocompleteTableView.hidden = NO;
NSString *substring = [NSString stringWithString:textField.text];
substring = [substring stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:range withString:string];
[self searchAutocompleteEntriesWithSubstring:substring];
return YES;
}
- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger) section {
return autocompleteUrls.count;
}
- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
UITableViewCell *cell = nil;
static NSString *AutoCompleteRowIdentifier = @"AutoCompleteRowIdentifier";
cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:AutoCompleteRowIdentifier];
if (cell == nil) {
cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc]
initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:AutoCompleteRowIdentifier] autorelease];
}
cell.textLabel.text = [autocompleteUrls objectAtIndex:indexPath.row];
return cell;
}
#pragma mark UITableViewDelegate methods
//将用户选择的候选网址,设置到输入框里,并调用button的方法
- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
UITableViewCell *selectedCell = [tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:indexPath];
urlField.text = selectedCell.textLabel.text;
[self goPressed];
}