内建函数Open(name,mode,buffering)语法结构理解:
1.name:文件路径名称
2.mode:文件打开模式
3.buffering:
用于指示访问文件所采用的缓存方式。0表示不缓存;1表示只缓存一行,n代表缓存n行。如果不提供或为负数,则代表使用系统默认的缓存机制
例如:
(1)以只读方式打开Windows环境下.txt文件:
1、如下图E盘下文件test.txt;
2、在IDLE (Python GUI)中执行:
Python 2.7.10 (default, May 23 2015, 09:40:32) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>> f = open("e:/test.txt","r") #R是以只读的方式打开,文件必须已经存在
>>> print(f.read())
ShinSangokumusou6
ShinSangokumusou7
ShinSangokumusou8
ShinSangokumusou9
ShinSangokumusou10
>>> f.close()
>>>
(2)以写入方式打开Windows环境下.txt文件:
>>> f = open("e:/test.txt","w") #W是以写入的方式打开,文件若存在则先清空,后重建
>>> print(f)
<open file 'e:/test.txt', mode 'w' at 0x02A0BA70>
>>> f.write(raw_input("Type what you want:"))
Type what you want:PYTHON is wonderful
>>> f.close()
>>> f = open("e:/test.txt","r")
>>> print(f.read())
PYTHON is wonderful
>>>
Close()
>>> f.closed #判断是否关闭
False
>>> f.close() #关闭方法
>>> f.closed
True
>>> f.tell() #如果已关闭,则一切针对文件操作都无效
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#27>", line 1, in <module>
f.tell()
ValueError: I/O operation on closed file
>>>
内建方法:
>>> dir(f)
['__class__', '__delattr__', '__doc__', '__enter__', '__exit__', '__format__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', 'close', 'closed', 'encoding', 'errors', 'fileno', 'flush', 'isatty', 'mode', 'name', 'newlines', 'next', 'read', 'readinto', 'readline', 'readlines', 'seek', 'softspace', 'tell', 'truncate', 'write', 'writelines', 'xreadlines']
>>>