方法Join 是干啥用的? 简单回答,同步,如何同步? 怎么实现的? 下面将逐个回答。
自从接触Java 多线程,一直对Join 理解不了。JDK 是这样说的:join public final void join (long millis )throws InterruptedException Waits at most millis milliseconds for this thread to die. A timeout of 0 means to wait forever. 大家能理解吗? 字面意思是等待一段时间直到这个线程死亡,我的疑问是那个线程,是它本身的线程还是调用它的线程的,上代码:
package concurrentstudy;
/**
*
* @author vma
*/
public class JoinTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread t = new Thread( new RunnableImpl());
t.start();
try {
t.join(1000) ; // 主线程只等1 秒,不管子线程什么时候结束
System.out.println("joinFinish");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class RunnableImpl implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("Begin sleep");
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println("End sleep");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
结果是:
Begin sleep
End sleep
joinFinish
明白了吧, 当main 线程调用t.join 时,main 线程等待t 线程 ,等待时间是1000 ,如果t 线程Sleep 2000 呢
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("Begin sleep");
// Thread.sleep(1000);
Thread.sleep(2000) ;
System.out.println("End sleep");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
结果是:
Begin sleep
joinFinish
End sleep
也就是说 main 线程只等1000 毫秒,不管T 什么时候结束 ,如果是t.join() 呢, 看代码:
public final void join() throws InterruptedException {
join(0);
}
就是说如果是t.join() = t.join(0) JDK 这样说的 A timeout of 0 means to wait forever 字面意思是永远等待,是这样吗?
其实是等到t 结束后。
这个是怎么实现的吗? 看JDK 代码:
/**
* Waits at most <code>millis</code> milliseconds for this thread to
* die. A timeout of <code>0</code> means to wait forever.
*
* @param millis the time to wait in milliseconds.
* @exception InterruptedException if any thread has interrupted
* the current thread. The <i>interrupted status</i> of the
* current thread is cleared when this exception is thrown.
*/
public final synchronized void join( long millis)
throws InterruptedException {
long base = System.currentTimeMillis();
long now = 0;
if (millis < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout value is negative");
}
if (millis == 0) {
while (isAlive()) {
wait(0);
}
} else {
while (isAlive()) {
long delay = millis - now;
if (delay <= 0) {
break ;
}
wait(delay);
now = System.currentTimeMillis() - base;
}
}
}
其实Join 方法实现是通过wait (小提示:Object 提供的方法)。 当main 线程调用t.join 时候,main 线程会获得线程对象t 的锁 (wait 意味着拿到该对象的锁), 调用该对象的wait( 等待时间) ,直到该对象唤醒main 线程,比如退出后。
这就意味着main 线程调用t.join 时,必须能够拿到线程t 对象的锁 ,如果拿不到它是无法wait 的,刚开的例子t.join(1000) 不是说明了main 线程等待1 秒,如果在它等待之前,其他线程获取了t 对象的锁,它等待时间可不就是1 毫秒了。上代码介绍:
/*
* To change this template, choose Tools | Templates
* and open the template in the editor.
*/
package concurrentstudy;
/**
*
* @author vma
*/
public class JoinTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread t = new Thread( new RunnableImpl());
new ThreadTest(t).start();// 这个线程会持有锁
t.start();
try {
t.join();
System.out.println("joinFinish");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class ThreadTest extends Thread {
Thread thread;
public ThreadTest(Thread thread) {
this .thread = thread;
}
@Override
public void run() {
holdThreadLock();
}
public void holdThreadLock() {
synchronized (thread) {
System.out.println("getObjectLock");
try {
Thread.sleep(9000);
} catch (InterruptedException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("ReleaseObjectLock");
}
}
}
class RunnableImpl implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("Begin sleep");
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println("End sleep");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
在main 方法中 通过new ThreadTest(t).start(); 实例化ThreadTest 线程对象, 它在 holdThreadLock() 方法中,通过 synchronized (thread) ,获取线程对象t 的锁,并Sleep (9000 )后释放,这就意味着,即使
main 方法t.join(1000), 等待一秒钟,它必须等待 ThreadTest 线程释放t 锁后才能进入wait 方法中,它实际等待时间是9000+1000 MS
运行结果是:
getObjectLock
Begin sleep
End sleep
ReleaseObjectLock
joinFinish
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/javas/449670