通过HTTP模拟GET或POST请求,提交数据到服务端获取响应,比较常见些;但如上传文件到服务端,使用html form当然简单了,而因环境所限有时需要使用模拟方法去提交有附件(文件上传)的表单。我们暂且不说如何去模拟数据,通过一个简单的form看看当请求发生时,客户端提交了什么样的数据给服务端。
下面是一个简单的html form,两个文本输入框,一个文件上传(这里我选择一张图片),注意有文件上传的form的enctype属性。
2 < input id ="Text1" name ="content" type ="text" />< br />
3 < input id ="Text2" name ="uploadImg" type ="text" />< br />
4 < input id ="File1" type ="file" name ="image0" />< br />
5 < input id ="Submit1" type ="submit" value ="submit" />
6 </ form >
为了查看表单提交时,向服务端post了什么数据,这里我使用Fiddler来查看。Fiddler确实是个不错的工具,注意当url主机地址是localhost时Fiddler捕获不到,需要再localhost后加一点(.)即可,打开Fiddler,浏览带上面form的page,输入数据提交,此时在Fiddler中可看到post的数据了。下面是一部份数据的截图。
分析其中的数据不难得出,一个表单中的数据域(input type="text")对应的格式为
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="content"
this is a txt value
一个文件(input type="file")对应的格式为(通常为表单最后一个参数)
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="image0"; filename="E:\CAI\875.jpg"
Content-Type: image/pjpeg
[文件内容]
结尾处是-----------------------------7da119c1004a6--
有了上面的数据做参考,按照其格式组织数据,post到服务端,同样可以达到html form提交的效果。要特别注意其格式:如回车换行,差一个都可能得不到正确的响应,还有请求的Content-Length一定计算对。下面是一个参考:
{
string boundary = " --------------------------- " + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString( " x " );
// 请求
WebRequest req = WebRequest.Create( @" http://localhost.:4944/WebSite1/getfile.aspx " );
req.Method = " POST " ;
req.ContentType = " multipart/form-data; boundary= " + boundary;
// 组织表单数据
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.Append( " -- " + boundary);
sb.Append( " \r\n " );
sb.Append( " Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\ " content\ "" );
sb.Append( " \r\n\r\n " );
sb.Append(v1);
sb.Append( " \r\n " );
sb.Append( " -- " + boundary);
sb.Append( " \r\n " );
sb.Append( " Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\ " uploadImg\ "" );
sb.Append( " \r\n\r\n " );
sb.Append( " v2 " );
sb.Append( " \r\n " );
sb.Append( " -- " + boundary);
sb.Append( " \r\n " );
sb.Append( " Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\ " image0\ " ; filename=\ " e:\\a.jpg\ "" );
sb.Append( " \r\n " );
sb.Append( " Content-Type: image/pjpeg " );
sb.Append( " \r\n\r\n " );
string head = sb.ToString();
byte [] form_data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(head);
// 结尾
byte [] foot_data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes( " \r\n-- " + boundary + " --\r\n " );
// 文件
FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
// post总长度
long length = form_data.Length + fileStream.Length + foot_data.Length;
req.ContentLength = length;
Stream requestStream = req.GetRequestStream();
// 发送表单参数
requestStream.Write(form_data, 0 , form_data.Length);
// 文件内容
byte [] buffer = new Byte[ checked (( uint )Math.Min( 4096 , ( int )fileStream.Length))];
int bytesRead = 0 ;
while ((bytesRead = fileStream.Read(buffer, 0 , buffer.Length)) != 0 )
requestStream.Write(buffer, 0 , bytesRead);
// 结尾
requestStream.Write(foot_data, 0 , foot_data.Length);
requestStream.Close();
// 响应
WebResponse pos = req.GetResponse();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(pos.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
string html = sr.ReadToEnd().Trim();
sr.Close();
if (pos != null )
{
pos.Close();
pos = null ;
}
if (req != null )
{
req = null ;
}
return html;
}
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