最近几天都研究SHELL脚本，为了方便对公司的Oracle运维，简化管理，学习一些SHELL脚本是非常有必要的，通过书本和网上的一些资料，整理出了一些比较精典的脚本，都是经过清自测试可行的，放上来共大家分享。


# 监控Oracle监听状态(chk_lsnr_stat.sh)

# ======================================================================================

# 监控Oracle监听器状态，发现状态异常启动监听，并发送邮件通知管理员，如果启动监听失败，发送邮件

# 通知管理员。

# ======================================================================================


#! /bin/bash


. /home/oracle/.bash_profile


tempfile=$ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/tempfile.lis


su - oracle -c "lsnrctl status" > /dev/null


if [ $? != '0' ]; then

echo "" >> $tempfile


echo "======================================================" >> $tempfile


echo "`date +%D-%T`" >> $tempfile


su - oracle -c "lsnrctl start" >> $tempfile


if [ $? = '0' ]; then


cat $tempfile | mail dba@163.com -s "The Listener Shutdown,and Restarted Success"


else


cat $tempfile | mail dba@163.com -s "The Listener Shutdown,and Restarted Failed"


fi


fi




----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



# 监控Oracle实例状态(chk_inst_stat.sh)

# =====================================================================================

# 监控Oracle实例是否打开，实例打开时，数据库是否可用，当实例关闭，数据库不可用时发送告警邮件

# 通知管理员(判断时除开+ASM这个特殊实例)

# =====================================================================================


#! /bin/bash


ORATAB=/etc/oratab


tempfile=/home/oracle/tempfile.lis


db=`cat $ORATAB |egrep -i ":Y|:N"|cut -d ":" -f 1|grep -v "^+"`


pslist="`ps -ef | grep pmon|grep -v grep`"


mark=n


dbstat=`su - oracle << EOF


sqlplus -s /nolog


conn / as sysdba


set feedback off heading off pagesize 0


select status from v\\$instance;


exit


EOF`


for db_name in $db; do


echo "$pslist" | grep "ora_pmon_$db_name" > /dev/null 2>&1


if ［　$? = "0" ］; then


if [ $dbstat != "OPEN" ];then


mark=y


break


fi


else


mark=y


break


fi


done


if [ $mark != 'n' ];then


echo '>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>' >> $tempfile

echo "SERVER: $HOSTNAME" >> $tempfile

echo "`date +%D-%T`"  >> $tempfile

echo 'WARN!!! Oracle Database Unavailable' >> $tempfile

echo "Maybe The Following Reasons: The Instance or Database is not OPEN" >>$tempfile


echo | mail -s

"Oracle Database Abnormal"　dba@163.com < $tempfile

rm -f $tempfile


fi


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



# 监控归档目录空间（chk_arc_space.sh）

#=====================================================================================

# 将日志目录空间控制在200M，当容量大于200M时，将最旧日志打包复制到其它目录，并删除之

# 直到日志目录空间容量小于200M为止。

#=====================================================================================


#! /bin/bash


ARC_DIR=/disk01/tbs03


BAK_DIR=/opt/arcbackup


limit=200


capacity()


{


du -sh $ARC_DIR|awk -F " " '{print $1}'|tr -d M


}



oldlog()


{


ls -l|sort -k6|sed '1d'|head -1|awk -F " " '{print $9}'


}


cd $ARC_DIR


if [ `capacity` -gt $limit ]; then


echo ""|mail -s "The Archivelog Directory is Over Than $limit"\

dba@163.com


fi


while [ `capacity` -gt $limit ]


do


file=`oldlog`


tar -czf $file.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`.tar.gz $file


cp $file.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`.tar.gz $BAK_DIR/


rm -rf $ARC_DIR/$file $ARC_DIR/$file.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`.tar.gz


done




# 监控警告文件错误信息(chk_alert_info.sh)

#================================================================================

# 固定时间间隔内检查alert_$ORACLE_SID.log文件中是否包含ORA-开头的错误信息，如果存在

# 则将其以邮件的形式通知管理员。

#================================================================================


#! /bin/bash


. /home/oracle/.bash_profile


cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/bdump/


mv alert_$ORACLE_SID.log alert_temp.log


touch alert_$ORACLE_SID.log


cat alert_temp.log >> alert.$ORACLE_SID.hist


grep ORA- alert_temp.log > alert.err


if [ `cat alert.err|wc -l` -gt 0 ];then


mail -s "ORACLE ALERT ERROR" dba@163.com < alert.err


fi


rm -rf alert.err


rm -rf alert_temp.log




# 监控磁盘空间利用率(chk_disk_space)

# ====================================================================

# 判断/dev开头的磁盘或分区空间利用率，当磁盘空间利用率超过90%则发送邮件通知

# 管理员

# ====================================================================


#! /bin/bash


limit=90%


tempfile=chk_disk_space.tmp


mark=n


diskusage()


{


df -h|grep -v Filesystem|sed '/\/dev\/mapper/N;s/\n//'|grep "^/dev"|awk -F " " '{print $5}'


}


for percent in `diskusage`


do


if [[ $percent > $limit]];then


mark=y


break


fi


done


if [ $mark != 'n' ];then


df -h > $tempfile


mail -s "Disk Usage Over than $limit on `hostname`" < $tempfile


rm -rf $tempfile

fi





# 监控表空间空闲表空间(chk_tbs_free.sh)

#==================================================================================

# 监控空闲表空间，当空闲表空间低于20%时，发送邮件通知管理员

#==================================================================================


#! /bin/bash


su - oracle > /dev/null << EOF

sqlplus -s /nolog

conn / as sysdba

set feedback off

set heading off

set verify off

set pagesize 0

set linesize 200


spool tbsfree.alert


select t.tablespace_name,f.free_space/t.total_space from

(select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) total_space from

dba_data_files group by tablespace_name) t,

(select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) free_space from

dba_free_space group by tablespace_name) f

where t.tablespace_name=f.tablespace_name and f.free_space/t.total_space < 0.20

/


spool off


exit


EOF


if [ `cat tbsfree.alert|wc -l` -gt 0 ];then


cat tbsfree.alert|mail -s "No Free Space in Oracle db" dba@163.com


rm -rf tbsfree.alert


fi



# 全库冷备份(full_cold_backup.sh)

# =================================================================================

# 数据库打开时，自动生成备份脚本。然后关闭数据库，对控制文件，数据文件，重做日志文件，

# 初始化参数文件及口令文件做冷备，完成后打开数据库。

# =================================================================================


#! /bin/bash


. /home/oracle/.bash_profile


backup_dir=/disk01/backup/coldbak


log_file=/disk01/backup/coldbak/cold_backup_$ORACLE_SID.log


echo 'Begin Cold Backup>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'  >> $log_file


date >> $log_file


su - oracle > /dev/null << EOF


sqlplus -s /nolog


conn / as sysdba


set feedback off heading off pagesize 0 line 1000


spool file_copy_$ORACLE_SID.sh


select 'cp ' || name || ' $backup_dir/' from v$controlfile;


select 'cp' || file_name || ' $backup_dir/' from dba_data_files;


select 'cp' || member || ' $backup_dir/' from v$logfile;


spool off


shutdown immediate


! bash file_copy_$ORACLE_SID.sh


startup


exit


EOF


if [ -e $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init$ORACLE_SID.ora ];then


cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init$ORACLE_SID.ora $backup_dir/


fi


if [ -e $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfile$ORACLE_SID.ora ];then


cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfile$ORACLE_SID.ora $backup_dir/


fi


if [ -e $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID ];then


cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID $backup_dir/


fi



echo 'Cold Backup Finished>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>' >>$log_file


date >> $log_file



# RMAN备份SHELL脚本(rman_backup.sh)

#===========================================================================

# 实现指定级别的增量备份，由用户传入备份级别参数，如果不指参数则进行0级备份

#==========

=================================================================


#! /bin/bash


. /home/oracle/.bash_profile


if [ $1 ];then


backup_level=$1


else


backup_level=0


fi


backup_user=sys


backup_user_pw=oracle


#catalog_user=rman


#catalog_user_pw=rman


log_file=/home/oracle/rman_backup.log


echo 'Begining rman backup   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'  >> $log_file


date >> $log_file


su - oracle >> $log_file << EOF


rman target $backup_user/$backup_user_pw

# catalog $catalog_user/$catalog_user_pw


backup incremental level = $backup_level database;


quit;


EOF


echo 'rman backup finished   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'  >> $log_file


date >> $log_file




# 逻辑备份SHELL脚本(schema_exp.sh)

#=========================================================================

# EXP对数据库schema对象进行备份，用户可以将需要备份的用户名做为参数传入SHELL脚本

#=========================================================================


#! /bin/bash


BAK_DIR=/disk01/backup/logical_bak/


log_file=/disk01/backup/logical_bak/user_full_bak.log


exp_par="userid=system/oracle buffer=10485760 owner=$1"


if [ $2 ];then


exp_par="$exp_par file=$2"


else


exp_par="$exp_par file="$BAK_DIR/$1_`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`.dmp""


fi


echo "Begining User $1 Export ---------------------" >> $log_file


echo "Export with following parameters: $exp_par" >> $log_file


date >> $log_file


su - oracle -c "exp $exp_par" >> $log_file 2>&1


echo "Backup Finished ---------------------" >> $log_file


date >> $log_file