java 散列码中的桶,java Hash系列（1）--散列与散列码

package map;

public class Groundhog {

protected int number;

public Groundhog(int number) {

super();

this.number = number;

}

/**必须覆盖object中的equals和hashCode方法，否则无法用散列处理key，注意别写成了hashcode*/

/* public boolean equals(Object o) {

return o instanceof Groundhog && (this.number == ((Groundhog) o).number);

}

public int hashCode() {

return this.number;

}*/

public String toString() {

return "Groundhog #" + number;

}

}

package map;

import java.util.Random;

public class Prediction {

private static Random rand = new Random(47);

private boolean shadow = rand.nextDouble() > 0.5;

public String toString() {

if(shadow){

return "Six more weeks of winter!";

}else{

return "Early spring!";

}

}

}

package map;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;

import java.util.Map;

import java.util.HashMap;

public class SpringDetector {

public static void detectSpring(Class type) throws Exception {

Constructor ghog = type.getConstructor(int.class);

Map map = new HashMap();

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

map.put(ghog.newInstance(i), new Prediction());

}

System.out.println("map=" + map);

Groundhog ghog3 = new Groundhog(3);

System.out.println("Looking up Prediction for " + ghog3);

if (map.containsKey(ghog3)) {

System.out.println(map.get(ghog3));

} else {

System.out.println("key not found!");

}

}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

detectSpring(Groundhog.class);

}

}

Goundhog自动继承基类Object，默认使用对象的地址计算散列码，由于反射生成第一个Goundhog(3)实例与直接生成的Goundhog(3)地址显然不相等， 因此在map查询不到这个key。

总结：要使用自己的类作为key，必须同时重载hashCode()和equals()。