linux共享内存与互斥锁,基于互斥锁同步机制的Linux共享内存简单实例

Linux共享内存是Linux系统中进程间通信的一种方式，但是没有相应的同步机制，本文通过进程间的互斥锁实现一种简单的共享内存实例，仅供入门学习。

sm_common.h:

#ifndef __SM_COMMON_H__

#define __SM_COMMON_H__

#include #define SM_BUF_SIZE 1024

#define SM_ID 0x1122

struct sm_msg

{

int flag;

pthread_mutex_t sm_mutex;

char buf[SM_BUF_SIZE];

};

#endif

sm_server.c:

#include #include #include #include #include

#include "sm_common.h"

int main(void)

{

int shm_id = -1;

int ret = -1;

int key = -1;

int running = 1;

struct sm_msg *msg = NULL;

void *shared_memory = NULL;

pthread_mutexattr_t attr;

pthread_mutexattr_init(&attr);

pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(&attr, PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED);

//key = ftok( "./sm_common.h", 1 );

//printf("key: %d\n", key);

shm_id = shmget((key_t)SM_ID, sizeof(struct sm_msg), 0666|IPC_CREAT);

if(shm_id < 0)

{

perror("fail to shmget");

exit(1);

}

#if 1

shared_memory = shmat(shm_id, NULL, 0);

if (shared_memory == NULL) {

perror("Failed to shmat");

exit(1);

}

msg = (struct sm_msg *)shared_memory;

msg->flag = 0;

pthread_mutex_init(&msg->sm_mutex, &attr);

while (running) {

pthread_mutex_lock(&msg->sm_mutex);

if (msg->flag == 1) {

printf("Read message: %s\n", msg->buf);

msg->flag = 0;

pthread_mutex_unlock(&msg->sm_mutex);

if (strncmp(msg->buf, "exit", 4) == 0) {

running = 0;

}

} else {

printf("No available data to read, sleep...\n");

pthread_mutex_unlock(&msg->sm_mutex);

sleep(2);

}

}

ret = shmdt(shared_memory);

if (ret < 0) {

perror("Failed to shmdt");

exit(1);

}

if(shmctl(shm_id, IPC_RMID, 0) < 0)

{

perror("failed to shmctl");

exit(1);

}

#endif

return 0;

}

sm_client.c:

#include #include #include #include #include #include "sm_common.h"

int main(void)

{

int shm_id = -1;

int ret = -1;

int key = -1;

int running = 1;

struct sm_msg *msg = NULL;

void *shared_memory = NULL;

//key = ftok( "./sm_common.h", 1 );

//printf("key: %d\n", key);

shm_id = shmget((key_t)SM_ID, sizeof(struct sm_msg), 0666|IPC_CREAT);

if(shm_id < 0)

{

perror("fail to shmget");

exit(1);

}

shared_memory = shmat(shm_id, NULL, 0);

if (shared_memory == NULL) {

perror("Failed to shmat");

exit(1);

}

msg = (struct sm_msg *)shared_memory;

char buf[32];

while (running) {

printf("wait lock\n");

pthread_mutex_lock(&msg->sm_mutex);

printf("get lock\n");

if(msg->flag == 1) {

printf("Wait for other process's reading\n");

pthread_mutex_unlock(&msg->sm_mutex);

sleep(2);

} else {

printf("Please input data\n");

fgets(buf, 32, stdin);

printf("Write msg: %s\n", buf);

strncpy(msg->buf, buf, sizeof(buf));

msg->flag = 1;

if (strncmp(msg->buf, "exit", 4) == 0) {

running = 0;

}

pthread_mutex_unlock(&msg->sm_mutex);

}

}

ret = shmdt(shared_memory);

if (ret < 0) {

perror("Failed to shmdt");

exit(1);

}

#if 0 //Do thsi in server.

if(shmctl(shm_id, IPC_RMID, 0) < 0)

{

perror("failed to shmctl");

exit(1);

}

#endif

return 0;

}

Makefile:

all:

gcc -o sm_server sm_server.c -lpthread

gcc -o sm_client sm_client.c -lpthread

使用方法：

1. 打开终端1，运行服务端：./sm_server

2.打开终端2，运行客户端：./sm_client

3.在终端2输入字符串，在终端1可看到相应输出